ASTM D3730-98
(Guide)Standard Guide for Testing High-Performance Interior Architectural Wall Coatings
Standard Guide for Testing High-Performance Interior Architectural Wall Coatings
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of test methods for high-performance interior architectural wall coatings (HIPAC) which differ from more conventional coatings in that they are tougher, more stain-resistant, more abrasion-resistant and, ordinarily, designed to be applied to wall surfaces of steel, masonry (poured concrete, concrete block, or cinder block), and plaster or gypsum wallboard. The tests that are listed in Tables 1 and 2 are designed to measure performance properties. These tests may not all be required for each HIPAC system. Selection of the test methods to be followed must be governed by experience and the requirements in each individual case, together with agreement between the purchaser and the seller.
1.2 High-performance architectural coatings are tough, extra-durable organic coating systems that are applied as a continuous (seamless) film and cure to a hard finish. The finish can be high gloss, semigloss, or low gloss as desired. These coatings are resistant to persistent heat, humidity, abrasion, staining, chemicals, and fungus growth. They are used in areas where humidity, wear, or unusual chemical resistance requirements, particularly to soiling, are required and where strong detergents are used to maintain sanitary conditions. Halls and stairways in public buildings, lavatories, stall showers, locker areas, animal pens, and biological laboratories are typical applications. In addition, food processing plants, dairies, restaurants, schools, and transport terminals frequently use HIPAC systems. These are effective in many areas of building interiors compared with tile and are of low materials and maintenance costs. HIPAC systems should be used as a complete system only as recommended by the manufacturer since the individual coats in a system are formulated to be compatible with each other. HIPAC systems should be applied only to properly prepared surfaces such as steel and masonry that include cinder blocks and cement blocks. They can be applied over plaster and gypsum wallboard. Ordinarily, a prime or fill coat, if required, is part of the system.
1.3 While they are excellent for walls, HIPAC are not usually intended for ceilings and floors. They would not ordinarily be used in homes, although parents with small children might want to use HIPAC coatings on some walls.
1.4 The types of resin ordinarily used are the following: epoxy-polyamide, two-package; polyester-epoxy, two-package; polyurethane, one-package or two-package. However, other resin types are not excluded provided they can meet the requirements (performance specifications) laid down by the purchaser.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see the Note in 7.5.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 3730 – 98
Standard Guide for
Testing High-Performance Interior Architectural Wall
Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3730; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.3 While they are excellent for walls, HIPAC are not
usually intended for ceilings and floors. They would not
1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of test methods
ordinarily be used in homes, although parents with small
for high-performance interior architectural wall coatings
children might want to use HIPAC coatings on some walls.
(HIPAC) that differ from more conventional coatings by being
1.4 The types of resin ordinarily used are the following:
tougher, more stain-resistant, more abrasion-resistant and,
epoxy-polyamide, two-package; polyester-epoxy, two-
ordinarily, designed to be applied to wall surfaces of steel,
package; polyurethane, one-package or two-package. How-
masonry (poured concrete, concrete block, or cinder block),
ever, other resin types are not excluded provided they can meet
and plaster or gypsum wallboard. The tests that are listed in
the requirements (performance specifications) laid down by the
Tables 1 and Table 2 are designed to measure performance
purchaser.
properties. These tests may not all be required for each HIPAC
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
system. Selection of the test methods to be followed must be
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
governed by experience and the requirements in each indi-
information only.
vidual case, together with agreement between the purchaser
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and the seller.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.2 High-performance architectural coatings are tough,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
extra-durable organic coating systems that are applied as a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
continuous (seamless) film and cure to a hard finish. The finish
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
can be high gloss, semigloss, or low gloss as desired. These
hazard statement, see the note in 7.6.
coatings are resistant to persistent heat, humidity, abrasion,
staining, chemicals, and fungus growth. They are used in areas
2. Referenced Documents
where humidity, wear, or unusual chemical resistance require-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ments, particularly to soiling, are required and where strong
D 16 Terminology for Paint and Related Coatings, Materi-
detergents are used to maintain sanitary conditions. Halls and
als and Applications
stairways in public buildings, lavatories, stall showers, locker
D 93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
areas, animal pens, and biological laboratories are typical
Closed Tester
applications. In addition, food processing plants, dairies, res-
D 154 Guide for Testing Varnishes
taurants, schools, and transport terminals frequently use
D 185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments,
HIPAC systems. These are effective in many areas of building
Pastes, and Paints
interiors compared with tile and are of low materials and
D 344 Test Method for Relative Hiding Power of Paints by
maintenance costs. They are used as a complete system only as
the Visual Evaluation of Brushouts
recommended by the manufacturer since the individual coats in
D 523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
a system are formulated to be compatible with each other.
D 562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints Using the
HIPAC systems should be applied only to properly prepared
Stormer Viscometer
surfaces such as steel or masonry, including cinder blocks and
D 869 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Settling of
cement blocks. They can be applied over plaster and gypsum
Paint
wallboard. Ordinarily, a prime or fill coat, if required, is part of
D 1005 Test Methods for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
the system.
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint and
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
Subcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Finishes. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
Current edition approved June 10, 1998. Published September 1998. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.03.
published as D 3730 – 78. Last previous edition D 3730 – 94. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D3730–98
D 1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of D 4287 Test Method for High Shear Viscosity Using the ICI
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to Cone/Plate Viscometer
a Ferrous Base D 4400 Test Method for Sag Resistance of Paints Using a
D 1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment- Multinotch Applicator
Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type Gage D 4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings
D 1211 Test Method for Temperature-Change Resistance of Using Portable Adhesion Testers
Clear Nitrocellulose Lacquer Films Applied to Wood D 4707 Test Method for Measuring Paint Spatter Resistance
D 1212 Test Methods for Measurement of Wet Film Thick- During Roller Application
ness of Organic Coatings D 4828 Test Method for Practical Washability of Organic
D 1296 Test Method for Odor of Volatile Solvents and Coatings
Diluents D 4958 Test Method for Comparison of the Brush Drag of
D 1308 Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals on Latex Paints
Clear and Pigmented Organic Finishes E 84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
D 1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Building Materials
Dry Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to E 105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
a Nonferrous Metal Base E 313 Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness
D 1475 Test Method for Density of Liquid Coatings, Ink, Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
and Related Products E 1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-
7 2
D 1644 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Varnishes surement by Tristimulus (Filter) Colorimetry
D 1729 Practice for Visual Evaluation of Color Differences 2.2 U.S. Federal Standard:
2 10
of Opaque Materials Federal Test Method Standard No. 141
D 1849 Test Method for Package Stability of Paint 2112 Application by Roller
D 2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non- 2131 Application of Sprayed Films
Newtonian Materials by Rotational (Brookfield) Viscom- 2141 Application of Brushed Films
eter 3011 Condition in Container
D 2244 Test Method for Calculation of Color Differences 4203 Reducibility and Dilution Stability
from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates 4401 Odor Test
D 2247 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 4541 Working Properties and Appearance of Dried Film
100 % Relative Humidity 6141 Washability of Paints
D 2486 Test Method for Scrub Resistance of Interior Latex 6142 Scrub Resistance
Flat Wall Paints 2.3 U. S. Federal Specification:
D 2794 Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to TT-F-1098 Filler, Block Solvent-Thinned for Porous Sur-
2 10
Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact) faces
D 2805 Test Method for Hiding Power of Paints by Reflec-
3. Terminology
tometry
D 3273 Test Method for Resistance to Growth of Mold on
3.1 Definitions:
the Surface of Interior Coatings in an Environmental
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in these practices, refer
Chamber
to Terminology D 16.
D 3278 Test Method for Flash Point of Liquids by Small
Scale Closed Cup Apparatus 4. Conditions Affecting Performance of HIPAC Coating
D 3432 Test Method for Unreacted Toluene Diisocyanate in Systems
Urethane Prepolymers and Coating Solutions by Gas
4.1 Practical requirements for high performance coatings
Chromatography
may vary with:
D 3450 Test Method for Washability Properties of Interior
4.1.1 Substrate type such as concrete, poured or precast
Architectural Coatings
block, lime-gypsum plaster, etc.
D 3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related
4.1.2 Climatic conditions, both generally and specifically, at
Pigmented Coatings
the time of coating application. ASTM standard conditions for
D 3928 Test Method for Evaluation of Gloss or Sheen
laboratory testing are 73.5 6 3.5°F (23 6 2°C) and 50 6 5%
Uniformity
relative humidity.
D 4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic
Coatings by the Taber Abraser
5. Sampling
D 4062 Test Method for Leveling of Paints by Draw-Down
5.1 Prior to sampling, establish the condition of the con-
Method
tainer since damage to it may cause evaporation, skinning, or
D 4213 Test Method for Scrub Resistance of Paints by
Abrasion Weight Loss
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.07.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
6 10
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D,
Discontinued; see 1997 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01. 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D3730–98
TABLE 1 List of Standards in Sectional Order
Federal
ASTM Test
Property
Section Test Method
(or Related Test)
Method Standard
No. 141
Sampling: 6.2 D 3925 1022
Liquid Paint Properties:
Skinning 7.1 D 154
Condition in container 7.2 . 3011
Coarse particles and foreign matter 7.3 D 185
Density or weight per gallon 7.4 D 1475
Fineness of dispersion 7.5 D 1210
Odor 7.6 D 1296 4401
Flash point 7.7 D 93, D 3278
Dilution stability 7.8 . 4203
Volatile content 7.9 D 1644 .
Free diisocyanate content 7.10 D 3432 .
Package stability 7.11
Heat stability 7.11.1 D 1849
Settling 7.11.2 D 869
Coating Application and Film Formation:
Application properties 8.1 . 4541
Brush application 8.1.1 . 2141
Brush drag 8.1.1.1 D 4958 .
Roller application 8.1.2 . 2112
Roller spatter 8.1.2.1 D 4707 .
Spray application 8.1.3 . 2131
Rheological properties 8.2 . .
Consistency (low-shear viscosity) 8.2.1 D 562 .
Rheological properties of non- 8.2.2 D 2196, D 4287 .
Newtonian liquids
Sag resistance 8.2.3 D 4400 .
Leveling properties 8.2.4 D 4062 .
Curing properties 8.3 . .
Wet-film thickness 8.4 D 1212 .
Touch-up uniformity 8.5 D 3928
Appearance of Dry Coating:
Color appearance 9.1.1 . .
Color differences by visual comparison 9.1.2 D 1729 .
Color differences using 9.1.3 D 2244 .
instrumental measurements
Directional reflectance 9.2 E 1347 .
Gloss, 60° 9.3 D 523 .
Hiding power 9.4 D 344, D 2805 .
Yellowness index 9.5 E 313
Properties of Dry Film:
Abrasion resistance 10.1 D 4060 .
Adhesion 10.2 D 4541 .
Impact resistance 10.3 D 2794 .
Chemical resistance 10.4 D 1308 .
Washability and cleansability 10.5 . .
Washability 10.5.1 D 2486, D 4213 .
Cleansability 10.5.2 D 3450, D 4828 .
Mildew resistance 10.6 D 3273 .
Perspiration resistance 10.7 . .
Heat and cold resistance 10.8 D 1211 .
Heat and humidity resistance 10.9 D 2247 .
Fire hazards 10.10 E 84
Dry-film thickness 10.11 D 1005, D 1186,
D 1400
other undesirable effects. Excessive storage time and tempera- 4-L) sample is usually sufficient for the recommended tests, but
ture fluctuations may cause settling or changes in viscosity. for guidance in selecting a sampling plan consult Practice
5.2 Sample in accordance with Practice D 3925. Determine E 105.
the density in pounds per gallon (kilograms/litre) in accordance
6. Laboratory Tests
with Test Method D 1475. Continue sampling and determining
density until successive results agree within 0.1 lb (45 g) or as 6.1 Preparation of Test Panels:
agreed upon between the purchaser and seller. Then take 6.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, test panels shall be 1 ⁄2 by
1 1
samples for testing. 7 ⁄2 by 15 ⁄2-in. (40 by 190 by 395-mm) masonry units made
5.3 Specify the amount required for a representative sample, from standard lightweight concrete block, having an apparent
the package sizes, and an identification code. A 1-U.S. gal (or specific gravity of 1.60 to 1.62.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D3730–98
6.1.2 One face only of the test panel shall be coated with the sion. A typical fineness requirement for HIPAC is 1.5 mils (5
complete system, in a vertical position. The filler shall either Hegman or 40 μm). Determine fineness of dispersion in
comply with U.S. Federal Specification TT-F-1098 or be the accordance with Test Method D 1210.
material specified and supplied by the manufacturer. The filler 7.6 Odor—Some solvent combinations produce obnoxious
coat shall be applied in conformance with the manufacturer’s odors, particularly when painting indoors with inadequate
printed directions for surface preparation, mixing, application, ventilation and at elevated temperatures. Test for odor in
coverage, and curing time under standard conditions of tem- accordance with Method 4401 of Federal Test Method Stan-
perature and humidity. dard No. 141. Although not specifically designed for liquid
coatings, Test Method D 1296 may be used with the solvent-
7. Liquid Coating Properties
reducible type.
7.1 Skinning—Coatings that contain a binder that dries by
NOTE 1—Warning: Even though the odor may be pleasant, the fumes
oxidation may be subject to skin formation in a partially filled
may be dangerously toxic.
can. Since skins are insoluble in the material they must be
7.7 Flash Point—Organic solvents used in coatings have
removed before use. The referenced test in a partially filled
container indicates the tendency of the material to skin. A characteristic temperatures at which they will support combus-
tion. This temperature is known as the flash point. It is often
typical minimum time for skinning in accordance with this
method is 48 h. Examine the original sample for skins, both on used for danger classification in shipment by
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.