ASTM D1557-07
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3 (2,700 kN-m/m3))
Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft<sup>3</sup> (2,700 kN-m/m<sup>3</sup>))
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover laboratory compaction methods used to determine the relationship between molding water content and dry unit weight of soils (compaction curve) compacted in a 4- or 6-in. (101.6- or 152.4-mm) diameter mold with a 10.00-lbf. (44.48-N) rammer dropped from a height of 18.00 in. (457.2 mm) producing a compactive effort of 56 000 ft-lbf/ft3 (2700 kN-m/m3). Note 1
The equipment and procedures are the same as proposed by the U.S. Corps of Engineers in 1945. The modified effort test (see ) is sometimes referred to as the Modified Proctor Compaction Test.
1.1.1 Soils and soil-aggregate mixtures are to be regarded as natural occurring fine- or coarse-grained soils, or composites or mixtures of natural soils, or mixtures of natural and processed soils or aggregates such as gravel or crushed rock. Hereafter referred to as either soil or material.
1.2 These test methods apply only to soils (materials) that have 30 % or less by mass of their particles retained on the 3/4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve and have not been previously compacted in the laboratory; that is, do not reuse compacted soil.
1.2.1 For relationships between unit weights and molding water contents of soils with 30 % or less by weight of material retained on the 3/4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve to unit weights and molding water contents of the fraction passing the 3/4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve, see Practice D 4718.
1.3 Three alternative methods are provided. The method used shall be as indicated in the specification for the material being tested. If no method is specified, the choice should be based on the material gradation.
1.3.1 Method AMold4-in. (101.6-mm) diameter.Material
Passing No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve.Layers
Five.Blows per layer
25.Usage
May be used if 25 % or less by mass of the material is retained on the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve. However, if 5 to 25 % by mass of the material is retained on the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve, Method A can be used but oversize corrections will be required (See ) and there are no advantages to using Method A in this case. Other Use
If this gradation requirement cannot be met, then Methods B or C may be used.
1.3.2 Method BMold4-in. (101.6-mm) diameter.Material
Passing 3/8-in. (9.5-mm) sieve.Layers
Five.Blows per layer
25.Usage
May be used if 25 % or less by mass of the material is retained on the 3/8-in. (9.5-mm) sieve. However, if 5 to 25 % of the material is retained on the 3/8-in. (9.5-mm) sieve, Method B can be used but oversize corrections will be required (See ). In this case, the only advantages to using Method B rather than Method C are that a smaller amount of sample is needed and the smaller mold is easier to use.Other Usage
If this gradation requirement cannot be met, then Method C may be used.
1.3.3 Method CMold6-in. (152.4-mm) diameter.Material
Passing 3/4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve.Layers
Five.Blows per layer
56.Usage
May be used if 30 % or less (see ) by mass of the material is retained on the 3/4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve.
1.3.4 The 6-in. (152.4-mm) diameter mold shall not be used with Method A or B. Note 2
Results have been found to vary slightly when a material is tested at the same compactive effort in different size molds, with the smaller mold size typically yielding larger values of unit weight and density ().
1.4 If the test specimen contains more than 5 % by mass of oversize fraction (coarse fraction) and the material will not be included in the test, corrections must be made to the unit weight and molding water content of the test specimen or to the appropriate field in-place unit weight (or density) test specimen using Practice D 4718.
1.5 This test method will generally produce a well-defined maximum dry unit weight for non-free draining soils. If this test method is used for free-draining soils the maximum unit weight may not be well defined, and can be less than obtained using Test Methods D 4253.
1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant...
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Designation: D1557 – 07
Standard Test Methods for
Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using
3 3
1
Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft (2,700 kN-m/m ))
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1557; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.3.1.5 Usage—May be used if 25 % or less by mass of the
material is retained on the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve. However, if
1.1 These test methods cover laboratory compaction meth-
5 to 25 % by mass of the material is retained on the No. 4
ods used to determine the relationship between molding water
(4.75-mm) sieve, Method A can be used but oversize correc-
content and dry unit weight of soils (compaction curve)
tions will be required (See 1.4) and there are no advantages to
compactedina4-or6-in.(101.6-or152.4-mm)diametermold
using Method A in this case.
with a 10.00-lbf. (44.48-N) rammer dropped from a height of
1.3.1.6 Other Use—If this gradation requirement cannot be
18.00 in. (457.2 mm) producing a compactive effort of 56 000
3 3
met, then Methods B or C may be used.
ft-lbf/ft (2700 kN-m/m ).
1.3.2 Method B:
NOTE 1—The equipment and procedures are the same as proposed by
1.3.2.1 Mold—4-in. (101.6-mm) diameter.
the U.S. Corps of Engineers in 1945. The modified effort test (see 3.1.2)
3
1.3.2.2 Material—Passing ⁄8-in. (9.5-mm) sieve.
is sometimes referred to as the Modified Proctor Compaction Test.
1.3.2.3 Layers—Five.
1.1.1 Soilsandsoil-aggregatemixturesaretoberegardedas
1.3.2.4 Blows per layer—25.
naturaloccurringfine-orcoarse-grainedsoils,orcompositesor
1.3.2.5 Usage—May be used if 25 % or less by mass of the
mixtures of natural soils, or mixtures of natural and processed 3
material is retained on the ⁄8-in. (9.5-mm) sieve. However, if
soils or aggregates such as gravel or crushed rock. Hereafter 3
5 to 25 % of the material is retained on the ⁄8-in. (9.5-mm)
referred to as either soil or material.
sieve, Method B can be used but oversize corrections will be
1.2 These test methods apply only to soils (materials) that
required (See 1.4). In this case, the only advantages to using
have 30 % or less by mass of their particles retained on the
Method B rather than Method C are that a smaller amount of
3
⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve and have not been previously com-
sample is needed and the smaller mold is easier to use.
pacted in the laboratory; that is, do not reuse compacted soil.
1.3.2.6 Other Usage—If this gradation requirement cannot
1.2.1 For relationships between unit weights and molding
be met, then Method C may be used.
water contents of soils with 30 % or less by weight of material
1.3.3 Method C:
3
retained on the ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve to unit weights and
1.3.3.1 Mold—6-in. (152.4-mm) diameter.
3
molding water contents of the fraction passing the ⁄4-in.
3
1.3.3.2 Material—Passing ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve.
(19.0-mm) sieve, see Practice D4718.
1.3.3.3 Layers—Five.
1.3 Three alternative methods are provided. The method
1.3.3.4 Blows per layer—56.
used shall be as indicated in the specification for the material
1.3.3.5 Usage—May be used if 30 % or less (see 1.4)by
being tested. If no method is specified, the choice should be
3
mass of the material is retained on the ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve.
based on the material gradation.
1.3.4 The 6-in. (152.4-mm) diameter mold shall not be used
1.3.1 Method A:
with Method A or B.
1.3.1.1 Mold—4-in. (101.6-mm) diameter.
NOTE 2—Results have been found to vary slightly when a material is
1.3.1.2 Material—Passing No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve.
tested at the same compactive effort in different size molds, with the
1.3.1.3 Layers—Five.
smaller mold size typically yielding larger values of unit weight and
1.3.1.4 Blows per layer—25.
2
density (1).
1.4 If the test specimen contains more than 5 % by mass of
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil
oversize fraction (coarse fraction) and the material will not be
and Rock and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.03 on Texture,
Plasticity and Density Characteristics of Soils.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published November 2007. Originally
´1 2
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D1557 – 02 . DOI: The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of
10.1520/D1557-07. this standard.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
e1
Designation:D1557–02 Designation: D 1557 – 07
Standard Test Methods for
Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using
3 3
1
Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft (2,700 kN-m/m ))
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1557; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
e NOTE—Paragraph 10.4.3 was corrected editorially in November 2003.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover laboratory compaction methods used to determine the relationship between molding water content
and dry unit weight of soils (compaction curve) compacted in a 4- or 6-in. (101.6- or 152.4-mm) diameter mold with a 10.00-lbf.
3
(44.548-N) rammer dropped from a height of 18.00 in. (457.2 mm) producing a compactive effort of 56,00056 000 ft-lbf/ft (2,700
3
(2700 kN-m/m
kN-m/m ).
NOTE1—Soils and soil-aggregate mixtures should be regarded as natural occurring fine- or coarse-grained soils or composites or mixtures of natural
soils, or mixtures of natural and processed soils or aggregates such as silt, gravel, or crushed rock.
NOTE2—The equipment and procedures are the same as proposed by the U.S. Corps of Engineers in 1945. The modified effort test (see 3.2.2 1—The
equipment and procedures are the same as proposed by the U.S. Corps of Engineers in 1945. The modified effort test (see 3.1.2) is sometimes referred
to as the Modified Proctor Compaction Test.
3
1.2These test methods apply only to soils (materials) that have 30% or less by mass of their particles retained on the ⁄4-in.
(19.0-mm) sieve.
3
NOTE3—For relationships between unit weights and water contents of soils with 30% or less by weight of material retained on the ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm)
3
sieve to unit weights and water contents of the fraction passing the ⁄4
1.1.1 Soils and soil-aggregate mixtures are to be regarded as natural occurring fine- or coarse-grained soils, or composites or
mixturesofnaturalsoils,ormixturesofnaturalandprocessedsoilsoraggregatessuchasgravelorcrushedrock.Hereafterreferred
to as either soil or material.
3
1.2 These test methods apply only to soils (materials) that have 30 % or less by mass of their particles retained on the ⁄4-in.
(19.0-mm) sieve and have not been previously compacted in the laboratory; that is, do not reuse compacted soil.
1.2.1 For relationships between unit weights and molding water contents of soils with 30 % or less by weight of material
3 3
retained on the ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve to unit weights and molding water contents of the fraction passing the ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm)
sieve, see Practice D 4718.
1.3 Three alternative methods are provided. The method used shall be as indicated in the specification for the material being
tested. If no method is specified, the choice should be based on the material gradation.
1.3.1 Method A:
1.3.1.1 Mold—4-in. (101.6-mm) diameter.
1.3.1.2 Material—Passing No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve.
1.3.1.3 Layers—Five.
1.3.1.4 Blows per layer—25.
1.3.1.5 Use—May be used if 20% or less by mass of the material is retained on the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve. Usage—May be
usedif25 %orlessbymassofthematerialisretainedontheNo.4(4.75-mm)sieve.However,if5to25 %bymassofthematerial
is retained on the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve, MethodAcan be used but oversize corrections will be required (See 1.4) and there are
no advantages to using Method A in this case.
1.3.1.6 Other Use—If this method is not specified, materials that meet these gradation requirements may be tested using
Methods B or C. —If this gradation requirement cannot be met, then Methods B or C may be used.
1
This standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.03 on Texture, Plasticity and
Density Characteristics of Soils.
Current edition approved Nov. 13, 2003. Published January 2003. Originally published as D1557–58. Last previous edition D1557–00.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.03 onTexture, Plasticity
and Density Characteristics of Soils.
e1
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published November 2007. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 1557 – 02 .
*A Summary of Changes section appears at th
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:D1557–02 Designation: D 1557 – 07
Standard Test Methods for
Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using
3 3
1
Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft (2,700 kN-m/m ))
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1557; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Paragraph 10.4.3 was corrected editorially in November 2003.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover laboratory compaction methods used to determine the relationship between molding water content
and dry unit weight of soils (compaction curve) compacted in a 4- or 6-in. (101.6- or 152.4-mm) diameter mold with a 10.00-lbf.
3
(44.548-N) rammer dropped from a height of 18.00 in. (457.2 mm) producing a compactive effort of 56,00056 000 ft-lbf/ft (2,700
3
(2700 kN-m/m
kN-m/m ).
NOTE1—Soils and soil-aggregate mixtures should be regarded as natural occurring fine- or coarse-grained soils or composites or mixtures of natural
soils, or mixtures of natural and processed soils or aggregates such as silt, gravel, or crushed rock.
NOTE2—The equipment and procedures are the same as proposed by the U.S. Corps of Engineers in 1945. The modified effort test (see 3.2.2 1—The
equipment and procedures are the same as proposed by the U.S. Corps of Engineers in 1945. The modified effort test (see 3.1.2) is sometimes referred
to as the Modified Proctor Compaction Test.
3
1.2These test methods apply only to soils (materials) that have 30% or less by mass of their particles retained on the ⁄4-in.
(19.0-mm) sieve.
3
NOTE3—For relationships between unit weights and water contents of soils with 30% or less by weight of material retained on the ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm)
3
sieve to unit weights and water contents of the fraction passing the ⁄4
1.1.1 Soils and soil-aggregate mixtures are to be regarded as natural occurring fine- or coarse-grained soils, or composites or
mixturesofnaturalsoils,ormixturesofnaturalandprocessedsoilsoraggregatessuchasgravelorcrushedrock.Hereafterreferred
to as either soil or material.
3
1.2 These test methods apply only to soils (materials) that have 30 % or less by mass of their particles retained on the ⁄4-in.
(19.0-mm) sieve and have not been previously compacted in the laboratory; that is, do not reuse compacted soil.
1.2.1 For relationships between unit weights and molding water contents of soils with 30 % or less by weight of material
3 3
retained on the ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve to unit weights and molding water contents of the fraction passing the ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm)
sieve, see Practice D 4718.
1.3 Three alternative methods are provided. The method used shall be as indicated in the specification for the material being
tested. If no method is specified, the choice should be based on the material gradation.
1.3.1 Method A:
1.3.1.1 Mold—4-in. (101.6-mm) diameter.
1.3.1.2 Material—Passing No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve.
1.3.1.3 Layers—Five.
1.3.1.4 Blows per layer—25.
1.3.1.5 Use—May be used if 20% or less by mass of the material is retained on the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve. Usage—May be
usedif25 %orlessbymassofthematerialisretainedontheNo.4(4.75-mm)sieve.However,if5to25 %bymassofthematerial
is retained on the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve, MethodAcan be used but oversize corrections will be required (See 1.4) and there are
no advantages to using Method A in this case.
1.3.1.6 Other Use—If this method is not specified, materials that meet these gradation requirements may be tested using
Methods B or C. —If this gradation requirement cannot be met, then Methods B or C may be used.
1
This standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
1
ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoilandRockandisarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD18.03onTexture,Plasticity
and Density Characteristics of Soils.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2002. Published January 2003. Originally published as D1557–58. Last previous edition D1557–00.
´1
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published November 2007. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 1557 – 02 .
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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