ASTM E127-15

Standard Practice for Fabrication and Control of Aluminum Alloy Ultrasonic Standard Reference Blocks

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Reference blocks fabricated to this practice will exhibit specific area-amplitude and distance-amplitude relationships only with an immersion test at 5 MHz using the search unit, test instrument, and test parameters described in this practice. Comparison tests at other frequencies or with uncalibrated test systems will not necessarily give the same relationships shown in this practice.  
5.2 Although the primary ultrasonic evaluation of blocks is performed at a specified frequency, the blocks may be used to standardize ultrasonic tests at any frequency and with any pulse-echo ultrasonic test system. Establishment of distance-amplitude and area-amplitude characteristics is necessary for each application. This use may be inappropriate for other materials and curved surfaces without special compensation. Also see (3) for cautions regarding use of standard blocks for test standardization.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for fabricating aluminum alloy ultrasonic standard reference blocks that can be used for assessing performance of ultrasonic testing equipment and for standardization and control of ultrasonic tests of aluminum alloy products using pulsed longitudinal waves introduced into test material either by the direct-contact method or by the immersion method. (1-18).2
Note 1: Practice E428 and Guide E1158 also describe procedures for selecting material, fabricating blocks, and checking response.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2015
• ICS: 77.040.01 - Testing of metals in general
• ICS: 77.120.10 - Aluminium and aluminium alloys
• Technical Committee: E07 - Nondestructive Testing
• Drafting Committee: E07.06 - Ultrasonic Method

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E127 −15
Standard Practice for
Fabrication and Control of Aluminum Alloy Ultrasonic
1
Standard Reference Blocks
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E127; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
E1324 GuideforMeasuringSomeElectronicCharacteristics
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for fabricating alumi-
of Ultrasonic Testing Instruments
numalloyultrasonicstandardreferenceblocksthatcanbeused
E2375 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Wrought Products
for assessing performance of ultrasonic testing equipment and
B594 Practice for Ultrasonic Inspection ofAluminum-Alloy
for standardization and control of ultrasonic tests of aluminum
Wrought Products
alloy products using pulsed longitudinal waves introduced into
test material either by the direct-contact method or by the
3. Terminology
2
immersion method. (1-18).
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms not specific to this
NOTE 1—Practice E428 and Guide E1158 also describe procedures for
practice, refer to Terminology E1316.
selecting material, fabricating blocks, and checking response.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.1 angular error—the condition observed in ultrasonic
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tests of reference blocks when the response from the hole
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
bottom is not maximum while the search unit is positioned to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
obtain either a maximum number of back reflections from a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
reference block or a maximum indication from its entry
surface. Angular error results when the entry surface, hole
2. Referenced Documents
bottom, and back surface are not parallel to each other.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.2 area-amplitude response curve—a curve showing the
E317 Practice for Evaluating Performance Characteristics of
relationshipbetweendifferentareasofreflectingtargetslocated
Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Testing Instruments and Systems
at a constant distance in an ultrasonic transmitting medium and
without the Use of Electronic Measurement Instruments
their respective amplitudes of ultrasonic response.
E428 Practice for Fabrication and Control of Metal, Other
3.2.3 entry surface—the end of a reference block through
than Aluminum, Reference Blocks Used in Ultrasonic
which ultrasonic energy must pass when reflections from the
Testing
hole bottom are obtained.
E1065 Practice for Evaluating Characteristics of Ultrasonic
Search Units
3.2.4 hole bottom—the flat reflecting surface in a reference
E1158 Guide for Material Selection and Fabrication of
blockthatisobtainedbymakingtheentireendofadrilledhole
Reference Blocks for the Pulsed Longitudinal Wave Ul-
smooth and flat using best machining practices. The hole
trasonic Testing of Metal and Metal Alloy Production
bottom is parallel to the entry surface of the block.
Material
3.2.5 holesize—thediameteroftheholeinareferenceblock
that determines the area of the hole bottom.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
3.2.6 metal distance—the distance in a reference block from
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.06 on
its entry surface to the hole bottom.
Ultrasonic Method.
Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E127-10. DOI:
4. Summary of Practice
10.1520/E0127-15.
2
4.1 Aluminum alloy stock is ultrasonically evaluated to
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of
this practice.
ensure freedom from significant discontinuities and is then
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
precisely fabricated into cylindrical blocks of prescribed
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
lengths.Asingle,flat-bottomholeofspecificdiameterisdrilled
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. to a constant depth into the end of each block at its center, and
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E12
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E127 − 10 E127 − 15
Standard Practice for
FabricatingFabrication and Checking Control of Aluminum
1
Alloy Ultrasonic Standard Reference Blocks
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E127; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for fabricating aluminum alloy ultrasonic standard reference blocks that can be used for
checkingassessing performance of ultrasonic testing equipment and for standardization and control of ultrasonic tests of aluminum
alloy products using pulsed longitudinal waves introduced into test material either by the direct-contact method or by the
immersion method. A recommended procedure for checking blocks is described and calibration data for a number of reference
blocks are tabulated. Statements concerning procedures are provided without a discussion of the technical background for the
2
preference. The necessary technical background can be found in Refs. (1-1518).
NOTE 1—Practice E428 and Guide E1158 also describe procedures for selecting material, fabricating blocks, and checking response. Unlike this
practice, there is no requirement for evaluation relative to a specified standard target.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E317 Practice for Evaluating Performance Characteristics of Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Testing Instruments and Systems without the
Use of Electronic Measurement Instruments
E428 Practice for Fabrication and Control of Metal, Other than Aluminum, Reference Blocks Used in Ultrasonic Testing
E1065 Practice for Evaluating Characteristics of Ultrasonic Search Units
E1158 Guide for Material Selection and Fabrication of Reference Blocks for the Pulsed Longitudinal Wave Ultrasonic Testing
of Metal and Metal Alloy Production Material
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
E1324 Guide for Measuring Some Electronic Characteristics of Ultrasonic Testing Instruments
E2375 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Wrought Products
B594 Practice for Ultrasonic Inspection of Aluminum-Alloy Wrought Products
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms not specific to this practice, refer to Terminology E1316.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 angular error—the condition observed in ultrasonic tests of reference blocks when the response from the hole bottom is
not maximum while the search unit is positioned to obtain either a maximum number of back reflections from a reference block
or a maximum indication from its entry surface. Angular error results when the entry surface, hole bottom, and back surface are
not parallel to each other.
3.2.2 area-amplitude response curve—a curve showing the relationship between different areas of reflecting targets located at
a constant distance in an ultrasonic transmitting medium and their respective amplitudes of ultrasonic response.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.06 on Ultrasonic Method.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2010June 1, 2015. Published March 2010June 2015. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 20072010 as
E127 - 07.E127-10. DOI: 10.1520/E0127-10.10.1520/E0127-15.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this practice.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E127 − 15
3.2.3 back reflection—the indication, observed on the display screen of a test inst
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