ASTM D6485-11
(Guide)Standard Guide for Risk Characterization of Acute and Irritant Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets
Standard Guide for Risk Characterization of Acute and Irritant Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The objective of this guide is to describe procedures and data sources for conducting risk characterization of acute inhalation exposure to chemicals emitted from bedding sets. Risk characterization can be used to identify chemical(s) that pose potentially significant human health risks for the scenario(s) and population(s) selected for exposure assessment. Such identification of chemicals can help in identifying the components or materials used in manufacture of bedding sets that should be further examined. Risk characterization also includes an assessment of potential odor problems for any individual chemical emitted by the bedding set.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidance to individuals and organizations for conducting risk characterization of exposure to volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) emitted from bedding sets or an ensemble of a mattress and supporting box spring.
1.2 This guide is for risk characterization of short-term exposures to a new bedding set brought into a residential indoor environment. The risk characterization considerations presented in this guide are applicable to both the general population and sensitive subgroups, such as convalescing adults.
1.3 The risk characterization addressed in this guide is limited to acute health and irritation effects resulting from short-term exposure to VOCs in indoor air. Although certain procedures described in this guide may be applicable to assessing long-term exposure, the guide does not address cancer and other chronic health effects.
1.4 VOC emissions from bedding sets, as in the case of other household furnishings, usually are highest when the products are new. A used bedding set may also emit VOCs, either from the original materials or as a result of its use. The procedures presented in this guide also are applicable to used bedding sets.
1.5 Risk characterization procedures described in this guide should be carried out under the supervision of a qualified toxicologist or risk assessment specialist, or both.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to its use.
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Designation: D6485 − 11
Standard Guide for
Risk Characterization of Acute and Irritant Effects of Short-
Term Exposure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from
1
Bedding Sets
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6485; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This guide provides guidance to individuals and orga-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
nizations for conducting risk characterization of exposure to
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) emitted from bedding sets
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
or an ensemble of a mattress and supporting box spring.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.2 This guide is for risk characterization of short-term
exposures to a new bedding set brought into a residential
2. Referenced Documents
indoor environment. The risk characterization considerations
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
presented in this guide are applicable to both the general
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
population and sensitive subgroups, such as convalescing
Atmospheres
adults.
D6177 Practice for Determining Emission Profiles of Vola-
1.3 The risk characterization addressed in this guide is
tile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets
limited to acute health and irritation effects resulting from
D6178 Practice for Estimation of Short-term Inhalation Ex-
short-term exposure to VOCs in indoor air. Although certain
posure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bed-
procedures described in this guide may be applicable to
ding Sets
assessing long-term exposure, the guide does not address
E609 Terminology Relating to Pesticides
cancer and other chronic health effects.
E943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Envi-
ronmental Fate
1.4 VOC emissions from bedding sets, as in the case of
E1542 Terminology Relating to Occupational Health and
other household furnishings, usually are highest when the
Safety
products are new. A used bedding set may also emit VOCs,
3
either from the original materials or as a result of its use. The
2.2 Government Standards:
procedures presented in this guide also are applicable to used
EPA 600/R 92/047 Reference Guide to Odor Thresholds for
bedding sets.
HazardousAirPollutionintheCleanAirActAmendments
of 1990
1.5 Risk characterization procedures described in this guide
16 CFR 1500 Federal Hazardous Substances Act Regula-
should be carried out under the supervision of a qualified
tions
toxicologist or risk assessment specialist, or both.
29 CFR 1910 Safety and Health Standards for General
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Industry
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
3. Terminology
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this guide,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
refer to Terminology D1356.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to its use.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved March 1, 2011. Published March 2011. Originally AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D6485 – 99 (2004). 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
DOI: 10.1520/D6485-11. www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6485 − 11
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 3.2.10 lowest-observed-adverse effect level (LOAEL),
n—the lowest exposure at which there is a significant increase
3.2.1 acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs), n—represent
in an observable effect.
short-termthresholdorceilingexposurevaluesintendedforthe
protection of the general public, including susceptible or
3.2.11 minimal risk level
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6485–99 (Reapproved 2004) Designation: D6485 – 11
Standard Guide for
Risk Characterization of Acute and Irritant Effects of Short-
Term Exposure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from
1
Bedding Sets
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6485; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide provides guidance to individuals and organizations for conducting risk characterization of exposure to volatile
organic chemicals (VOCs) emitted from bedding sets or an ensemble of a mattress and supporting box spring.
1.2 This guide is for risk characterization of short-term exposures to a new bedding set brought into a residential indoor
environment. The risk characterization considerations presented in this guide are applicable to both the general population and
sensitive subgroups, such as convalescing adults.
1.3 The risk characterization addressed in this guide is limited to acute health and irritation effects resulting from short-term
exposure to VOCs in indoor air. Although certain procedures described in this guide may be applicable to assessing long-term
exposure, the guide does not address cancer and other chronic health effects.
1.4 VOC emissions from bedding sets, as in the case of other household furnishings, usually are highest when the products are
new.Aused bedding set may also emit VOCs, either from the original materials or as a result of its use. The procedures presented
in this guide also are applicable to used bedding sets.
1.5 Risk characterization procedures described in this guide should be carried out under the supervision of a qualified
toxicologist or risk assessment specialist, or both.
1.6
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to its use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D6177 Practice for Determining Emission Profiles of Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets
D6178 Practice for Estimation of Short-term Inhalation Exposure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets
E609 Terminology Relating to Pesticides
E943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Environmental Fate
E1542 Terminology Relating to Occupational Health and Safety
3
2.2 Government Standards:
EPA600/R 92/047 Reference Guide to OdorThresholds for HazardousAir Pollution in the CleanAirActAmendments of 1990
16 CFR 1500 Federal Hazardous Substances Act Regulations
29 CFR 1910 Safety and Health Standards for General Industry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this guide, refer to Terminology D1356.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D22 on Sampling andAnalysis ofAtmospheres and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee onAir Quality
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air.
Current edition approved OctoberMarch 1, 2004.2011. Published December 2004.March 2011. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 19992004
as D6485 - 99(2004). DOI: 10.1520/D6485-99R04.10.1520/D6485-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.
3
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6485 – 11
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs), n—represent short-term threshold or ceiling exposure values intended for the
...
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