ASTM D6485-18
(Guide)Standard Guide for Risk Characterization of Acute and Irritant Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets (Withdrawn 2024)
Standard Guide for Risk Characterization of Acute and Irritant Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets (Withdrawn 2024)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The objective of this guide is to describe procedures and data sources for conducting risk characterization of acute inhalation exposure to chemicals emitted from bedding sets. Risk characterization can be used to identify chemical(s) that pose potentially significant human health risks for the scenario(s) and population(s) selected for exposure assessment. Such identification of chemicals can help in identifying the components or materials used in the manufacture of bedding sets that should be further examined. Risk characterization also includes an assessment of potential odors associated with individual chemicals emitted by the bedding set.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes procedures for conducting risk characterization of exposure to volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) emitted from bedding sets or an ensemble of a mattress and supporting box spring.
1.2 This guide is for risk characterization of short-term exposures to a new bedding set brought into a residential indoor environment. The risk characterization considerations presented in this guide are applicable to both the general population and sensitive subgroups, such as convalescing adults.
1.3 The risk characterization addressed in this guide is limited to acute health and irritation effects resulting from short-term exposure to VOCs in indoor air. Although certain procedures described in this guide may be applicable to assessing long-term exposure, the guide is not intended to address cancer and other chronic health effects.
1.4 VOC emissions from bedding sets, as in the case of other household furnishings, usually are highest when the products are new. A used bedding set may also emit VOCs, either from the original materials or as a result of its use. The procedures presented in this guide also are applicable to used bedding sets.
1.5 Risk characterization procedures described in this guide should be carried out under the supervision of a qualified toxicologist or risk assessment specialist, or both.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This guide describes procedures for conducting risk characterization of exposure to volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) emitted from bedding sets or an ensemble of a mattress and supporting box spring.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D22 on Air Quality, this guide was withdrawn in March 2024. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement due to its limited use by industry.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6485 − 18
Standard Guide for
Risk Characterization of Acute and Irritant Effects of Short-
Term Exposure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from
1
Bedding Sets
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6485; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.1 This guide describes procedures for conducting risk
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
characterization of exposure to volatile organic chemicals
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
(VOCs)emittedfrombeddingsetsoranensembleofamattress
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
and supporting box spring.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.2 This guide is for risk characterization of short-term
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
exposures to a new bedding set brought into a residential
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
indoor environment. The risk characterization considerations
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
presented in this guide are applicable to both the general
population and sensitive subgroups, such as convalescing
2. Referenced Documents
adults.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 The risk characterization addressed in this guide is
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
limited to acute health and irritation effects resulting from
Atmospheres
short-term exposure to VOCs in indoor air. Although certain
D6177 Practice for Determining Emission Profiles of Vola-
procedures described in this guide may be applicable to
tile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets
assessing long-term exposure, the guide is not intended to
D6178 Practice for Estimation of Short-term Inhalation Ex-
address cancer and other chronic health effects.
posure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bed-
ding Sets
1.4 VOC emissions from bedding sets, as in the case of
E609 Terminology Relating to Pesticides
other household furnishings, usually are highest when the
E943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Envi-
products are new. A used bedding set may also emit VOCs,
ronmental Fate
either from the original materials or as a result of its use. The
3
2.2 Government Standards:
procedures presented in this guide also are applicable to used
bedding sets. EPA 600/R 92/047 Reference Guide to Odor Thresholds for
Hazardous Air Pollutants Listed in the Clean Air Act
1.5 Risk characterization procedures described in this guide
Amendments of 1990
should be carried out under the supervision of a qualified
29 CFR 1910 Occupational Safety and Health Standards
toxicologist or risk assessment specialist, or both.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3. Terminology
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this guide,
standard.
refer to Terminology D1356.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved April 15, 2018. Published May 2018. Originally Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D6485 – 11. DOI: Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http://
10.1520/D6485-18. www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6485 − 18
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: that produces statistically or biologically significant increases
3.2.1 acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs), n—represent infrequencyorseverityofadverseeffectsbetweentheexposed
short-termthresholdorceilingexposurevaluesintendedforthe population and its appropriate control.
protection of the general public, including suscep
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6485 − 11 D6485 − 18
Standard Guide for
Risk Characterization of Acute and Irritant Effects of Short-
Term Exposure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from
1
Bedding Sets
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6485; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide provides guidance to individuals and organizations describes procedures for conducting risk characterization of
exposure to volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) emitted from bedding sets or an ensemble of a mattress and supporting box spring.
1.2 This guide is for risk characterization of short-term exposures to a new bedding set brought into a residential indoor
environment. The risk characterization considerations presented in this guide are applicable to both the general population and
sensitive subgroups, such as convalescing adults.
1.3 The risk characterization addressed in this guide is limited to acute health and irritation effects resulting from short-term
exposure to VOCs in indoor air. Although certain procedures described in this guide may be applicable to assessing long-term
exposure, the guide doesis not intended to address cancer and other chronic health effects.
1.4 VOC emissions from bedding sets, as in the case of other household furnishings, usually are highest when the products are
new. A used bedding set may also emit VOCs, either from the original materials or as a result of its use. The procedures presented
in this guide also are applicable to used bedding sets.
1.5 Risk characterization procedures described in this guide should be carried out under the supervision of a qualified
toxicologist or risk assessment specialist, or both.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to its use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D6177 Practice for Determining Emission Profiles of Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets
D6178 Practice for Estimation of Short-term Inhalation Exposure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets
E609 Terminology Relating to Pesticides
E943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Environmental Fate
E1542 Terminology Relating to Occupational Health and Safety
3
2.2 Government Standards:
EPA 600/R 92/047 Reference Guide to Odor Thresholds for Hazardous Air Pollution Pollutants Listed in the Clean Air Act
Amendments of 1990
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air.
Current edition approved March 1, 2011April 15, 2018. Published March 2011May 2018. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20042011 as
D6485 – 99 (2004).D6485 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/D6485-11.10.1520/D6485-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401,20401-0001,
http://www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6485 − 18
16 CFR 1500 Federal Hazardous Substances Act Regulations
29 CFR 1910 Occupational Safety and Health Standards for General Industry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of t
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6485 − 18
Standard Guide for
Risk Characterization of Acute and Irritant Effects of Short-
Term Exposure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from
1
Bedding Sets
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6485; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.1 This guide describes procedures for conducting risk
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
characterization of exposure to volatile organic chemicals
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
(VOCs) emitted from bedding sets or an ensemble of a mattress
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
and supporting box spring.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.2 This guide is for risk characterization of short-term
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
exposures to a new bedding set brought into a residential
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
indoor environment. The risk characterization considerations
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
presented in this guide are applicable to both the general
population and sensitive subgroups, such as convalescing
2. Referenced Documents
adults.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 The risk characterization addressed in this guide is
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
limited to acute health and irritation effects resulting from
Atmospheres
short-term exposure to VOCs in indoor air. Although certain
D6177 Practice for Determining Emission Profiles of Vola-
procedures described in this guide may be applicable to
tile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets
assessing long-term exposure, the guide is not intended to
D6178 Practice for Estimation of Short-term Inhalation Ex-
address cancer and other chronic health effects.
posure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bed-
ding Sets
1.4 VOC emissions from bedding sets, as in the case of
E609 Terminology Relating to Pesticides
other household furnishings, usually are highest when the
E943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Envi-
products are new. A used bedding set may also emit VOCs,
ronmental Fate
either from the original materials or as a result of its use. The
3
2.2 Government Standards:
procedures presented in this guide also are applicable to used
EPA 600/R 92/047 Reference Guide to Odor Thresholds for
bedding sets.
Hazardous Air Pollutants Listed in the Clean Air Act
1.5 Risk characterization procedures described in this guide
Amendments of 1990
should be carried out under the supervision of a qualified
29 CFR 1910 Occupational Safety and Health Standards
toxicologist or risk assessment specialist, or both.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 3. Terminology
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this guide,
standard.
refer to Terminology D1356.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved April 15, 2018. Published May 2018. Originally Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D6485 – 11. DOI: Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http://
10.1520/D6485-18. www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6485 − 18
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: that produces statistically or biologically significant increases
3.2.1 acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs), n—represent in frequency or severity of adverse effects between the exposed
short-term threshold or ceiling exposure values intended for the population and its appropriate control.
protection of the general public, including susceptible or
3.2.11 minimal risk level (MRL), n—an estimate of the daily
sensitive individuals, but not hypersusceptible or hy
...
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