ASTM B417-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Non-Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using the Carney Funnel
Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Non-Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using the Carney Funnel
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluation of an important physical characteristic of a powder known as the apparent density. The measured apparent density bears a relationship to the mass of powder that will fill a fixed volume die cavity. The degree of correlation between the results of this test and the performance of powders during use may vary with each particular application. Note, however, that the presence of moisture, oils, stearic acid, stearates, waxes, and the temperature of the powder mass may alter the physical characteristics of the powder.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the apparent density of non-free-flowing metal powders. It is designed for those metal powders that do not freely flow through the Hall flowmeter funnel.
1.2 With the exception of the values for density and the mass used to determine density, for which the use of the gram per cubic centimeter (g/cm3) and gram (g) units is the longstanding industry practice, the values in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only, and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: B417 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Apparent Density of Non-Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using
1
the Carney Funnel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* powder per unit volume is determined and reported as apparent
density, Carney (AD ).
C
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the
apparent density of non-free-flowing metal powders. It is
5. Significance and Use
designed for those metal powders that do not freely flow
through the Hall flowmeter funnel.
5.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluation of an
important physical characteristic of a powder known as the
1.2 With the exception of the values for density and the
apparent density. The measured apparent density bears a
mass used to determine density, for which the use of the gram
3
relationship to the mass of powder that will fill a fixed volume
per cubic centimeter (g/cm ) and gram (g) units is the long-
die cavity.The degree of correlation between the results of this
standingindustrypractice,thevaluesininch-poundunitsareto
test and the performance of powders during use may vary with
be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
each particular application. Note, however, that the presence of
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
moisture, oils, stearic acid, stearates, waxes, and the tempera-
information only, and are not considered standard.
ture of the powder mass may alter the physical characteristics
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of the powder.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6. Apparatus
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 6.1 Powder Flowmeter —A Carney Flowmeter (Fig. 1).
3
6.2 Density Cup —Acylindrical brass cup (Fig. 2) having a
2. Referenced Documents
3
capacity of 25 cm .The actual cup volume shall be determined
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
according toTest Method B873. If the measured volume of the
B215 Practices for Sampling Metal Powders
3
cup is outside the tolerance in Fig. 2 (25 6 0.03 cm ) the cup
B243 Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
shall not be used.
B873 Test Method for Measuring Volume of Apparent Den-
6.3 Stand—A stand (Fig. 1) to support the powder funnel
sity Cup Used in Test Methods B 212, B 329, and B 417
concentric with the density cup so that the bottom of the
3. Terminology
powder funnel is approximately 25 mm (1 in.) above the top of
the density cup when the apparatus is assembled as shown in
3.1 Definitions—Terms in Terminology B243 are applicable
Fig. 1.
to this test method.
6.4 Workbench—A level, vibration-free table or workbench
4. Summary of Test Method
to support the powder flowmeter stand.
4.1 Avolumeofpowderispermittedtoflowintoacontainer
6.5 Balance, readable to 0.001 g, with a minimum capacity
of definite volume under controlled conditions. The mass of
of 200 g capable of determining the mass to the nearest 0.01 g.
6.6 Wire, approximately 2.5 mm (0.10 in.) in diameter by
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on Metal
150 mm (6 in.) in length.
Powders and Metal Powder Productsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommit-
tee B09.02 on Base Metal Powders.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published September 2013. Originally
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as B417 – 11. DOI:
3
10.1520/B0417-13. The sole source of supply of the flowmeter funnel, density cup, and stand
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or known to the committee at this time is ACu Powder International, LLC. If you are
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Interna-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on tional Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting
1
the ASTM website. of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B417 − 13
FIG. 1 Carney Flowmeter Funnel and Stand
8. Procedure
8.1 Weigh the empty density cup to the nearest 0.01 g or,
alternatively, place the empty density cup on the balance and
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B417 − 11 B417 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Apparent Density of Non-Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using
1
the Carney Funnel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the apparent density of non-free-flowing metal powders. It is designed
for those metal powders that do not freely flow through the Hall flowmeter funnel.
1.2 With the exception of the values for density and the mass used to determine density, for which the use of the gram per cubic
3
centimeter (g/cm ) and gram (g) units is the longstanding industry practice, the values in inch-pound units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only, and are
not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B215 Practices for Sampling Metal Powders
B243 Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
B873 Test Method for Measuring Volume of Apparent Density Cup Used in Test Methods B 212, B 329, and B 417
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Terms in Terminology B243 are applicable to this test method.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A volume of powder is permitted to flow into a container of definite volume under controlled conditions. The mass of
powder per unit volume is determined and reported as apparent density, Carney (AD ).).
C
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluation of an important physical characteristic of a powder known as the apparent
density. The measured apparent density bears a relationship to the mass of powder that will fill a fixed volume die cavity. The
degree of correlation between the results of this test and the performance of powders during use may vary with each particular
application. Note, however, that the presence of moisture, oils, stearic acid, stearates, waxes, and the temperature of the powder
mass may alter the physical characteristics of the powder.
6. Apparatus
3
6.1 Powder Flowmeter —A Carney Flowmeter(Flowmeter (Fig. 1).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on Metal Powders and Metal Powder Productsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B09.02
on Base Metal Powders.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011Oct. 1, 2013. Published November 2011 September 2013. Originally approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 20062011
as B417 – 00B417 – 11.(2006)E01. DOI: 10.1520/B0417-11.10.1520/B0417-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The sole source of supply of the flowmeter funnel, density cup, and stand known to the committee at this time is AcuACu Powder International, LLC. If you are aware
of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible
1
technical committee, which you may attend.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B417 − 13
FIG. 1 Carney Flowmeter Funnel and Stand
3 3
6.2 Density Cup —A cylindrical brass cup (Fig. 2) having a capacity of 25 cm . The actual cup volume shall be determined
3
according to Test Method B873. If the measured volume of the cup is outside the tolerance in Fig. 2 (25 6 0.03 cm ) the cup shall
not be used.
6.3 Stand—A stand (Fig. 1) to support the powder funnel concentric with the density cup so that the bottom of the powder funnel
is approximately 25 mm (1 in.) above the top of the density cup when the apparatus is assembled as shown in Fig. 1.
6.4 Workbench—A level, vibration-free table or workb
...
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