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ASTM D7889-13

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Field Determination of In-Service Fluid Properties Using IR Spectroscopy

Standard Test Method for Field Determination of In-Service Fluid Properties Using IR Spectroscopy

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a means for obtaining useful in-service fluid analysis properties in the field. It is not to be confused with laboratory or portable FTIR devices which provide measurements per the existing Test Methods listed in 4.1.1.1. Each of these monitored properties has been shown over time to indicate either contamination in the fluid system or a particular breakdown modality of the fluid, which is critical information to assess the health of the fluid as well as the machinery. By utilizing the field device, it is possible for those operating machinery, in locations and situations where it is not practical to gather a sample for the laboratory, to obtain quality in-service fluid analysis. This may be due to the need to have an analysis done in real-time, on-the-spot to maximize the operational hours of equipment, or to have the analysis performed at a location where no laboratory analysis is available.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the use of a grating spectrometer to analyze properties of an in-service fluid sample which are indicative of the status of that fluid and related machinery.  
1.2 This test method provides a means for the assessment of in-service fluid properties using infrared spectroscopy. It describes a methodology for sampling, performing analysis, and providing key in-service fluid properties with a self-contained unit that is meant for field use. It provides analysis of in-service fluids at any stage of their useful life, including newly utilized fluid.  
1.3 In particular, these key in-service fluid properties include oxidation, nitration, sulfation, soot, and antiwear additives. They are applicable for hydrocarbon type (API Group I-IV) fluids from machinery lubricants, including reciprocating engine oils, turbine oils, hydraulic oils, and gear oils.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4.1 Exception—The unit for wavenumbers is in cm-1.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2013
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.96.03 - FTIR Testing Practices and Techniques Related to In-Service Lubricants
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D7889-13 - Standard Test Method for Field Determination of In-Service Fluid Properties Using IR SpectroscopyASTM D7889-13 - Standard Test Method for Field Determination of In-Service Fluid Properties Using IR Spectroscopy
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ASTM D7889-13 - Standard Test Method for Field Determination of In-Service Fluid Properties Using IR Spectroscopy
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7889 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Field Determination of In-Service Fluid Properties Using IR
1
Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7889; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D7412 Test Method for Condition Monitoring of Phosphate
Antiwear Additives in In-Service Petroleum and Hydro-
1.1 This test method describes the use of a grating spec-
carbon Based Lubricants byTrendAnalysis Using Fourier
trometer to analyze properties of an in-service fluid sample
Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometry
which are indicative of the status of that fluid and related
D7414 Test Method for Condition Monitoring of Oxidation
machinery.
in In-Service Petroleum and Hydrocarbon Based Lubri-
1.2 This test method provides a means for the assessment of
cants byTrendAnalysis Using FourierTransform Infrared
in-service fluid properties using infrared spectroscopy. It de-
(FT-IR) Spectrometry
scribes a methodology for sampling, performing analysis, and
D7415 Test Method for Condition Monitoring of Sulfate
providing key in-service fluid properties with a self-contained
By-Products in In-Service Petroleum and Hydrocarbon
unitthatismeantforfielduse.Itprovidesanalysisofin-service
Based Lubricants by TrendAnalysis Using Fourier Trans-
fluids at any stage of their useful life, including newly utilized
form Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometry
fluid.
D7418 Practice for Set-Up and Operation of Fourier Trans-
form Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometers for In-Service Oil
1.3 In particular, these key in-service fluid properties in-
clude oxidation, nitration, sulfation, soot, and antiwear addi- Condition Monitoring
D7624 TestMethodforConditionMonitoringofNitrationin
tives. They are applicable for hydrocarbon type (API Group
I-IV) fluids from machinery lubricants, including reciprocating In-Service Petroleum and Hydrocarbon-Based Lubricants
by Trend Analysis Using Fourier Transform Infrared
engine oils, turbine oils, hydraulic oils, and gear oils.
(FT-IR) Spectrometry
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D7669 Guide for Practical Lubricant Condition Data Trend
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Analysis
standard.
-1 D7720 Guide for Statistically Evaluating Measurand Alarm
1.4.1 Exception—The unit for wavenumbers is in cm .
Limits when Using Oil Analysis to Monitor Equipment
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and Oil for Fitness and Contamination
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D7844 Test Method for Condition Monitoring of Soot in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
In-Service Lubricants by Trend Analysis using Fourier
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometry
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
E131 Terminology Relating to Molecular Spectroscopy
E168 Practices for General Techniques of Infrared Quanti-
2. Referenced Documents
3
tative Analysis (Withdrawn 2015)
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E932 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance of
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Dispersive Infrared Spectrometers
Petroleum Products
E1655 Practices for Infrared Multivariate Quantitative
Analysis
E2412 Practice for Condition Monitoring of In-Service Lu-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
bricants by Trend Analysis Using Fourier Transform
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometry
Subcommittee D02.96.03 on FTIR Testing Practices and Techniques Related to
E2617 Practice for Validation of Empirically Derived Mul-
In-Service Lubricants.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published October 2013. DOI: 10.1520/ tivariate Calibrations
D7889-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7889 − 13
3. Terminology 4.1.1.1 Test Methods have been developed for Fourier-
transform infrared (FTIR) devices using absorbance spectra
3.1 Fordefinitionsoftermsrelatingtoinfraredspectroscopy
obtained using Practice D7418. Particular Test Methods devel-
us
...

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5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, torque and tractor fluids, and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils (see Appendix X4) are of considerable importance to the proper operation of many mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric properties of these oils and fluids at low temperatures is often used to specify their acceptance for service. This test method is used in a number of specifications.  
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1.3 Spectra and distribution profiles presented herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as representing or establishing lubricant or machinery guidelines.  
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1.4 The several reference elastomer formulations specified in this test method were chosen to be representative of those used in both heavy-duty diesel engines (detailed in Annex A1) and passenger-car spark-ignition engines (the latter are covered in Annex A2). The procedures described in this test method can, however, also be used to evaluate the compatibility of automotive engine oils with different elastomer types/formulations or different test durations and temperatures to those employed in this test method.
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5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease is a crucial part of condition-monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7922-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Glycol for In-Service Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Some glycol/antifreeze dilution of in-service engine oil is normal under typical operating conditions. However, excessive glycol dilution can lead to decreased performance, premature wear, or sudden engine failure. This test method provides a means of quantifying the level of glycol based antifreeze dilution, allowing the user to take necessary action.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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