ASTM D2974-07
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Moisture, Ash, and Organic Matter of Peat and Other Organic Soils
Standard Test Methods for Moisture, Ash, and Organic Matter of Peat and Other Organic Soils
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of moisture content, ash content, and organic matter in peats and other organic soils, such as organic clays, silts, and mucks.
1.1.1 Method A - moisture is determined by drying peat or organic sample at 105 C.
1.1.2 Method B - Alternative moisture method which removes the total moisture in two steps: (1) evaporation of moisture at room temperature, (2) subsequent oven drying of air dried sample at 105 C.
1.1.3 Method C - Ash content of a peat or organic soil sample is determined by igniting oven dried sample from moisture content determination in a muffle furnace at 440 °C.
1.1.4 Method D - Ash content of a peat or organic soil sample is determined by igniting oven dried sample from moisture content determination in a muffle furnace at 750 °C.
1.2 This test method should be used for geotechnical and general classification. In addition, the test method should be used when peats are being evaluated for use as a fuel.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. Use Practice D 6026 for determining significant digits to report.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 2974 – 07
Standard Test Methods for
Moisture, Ash, and Organic Matter of Peat and Other
1
Organic Soils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2974; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
Fluids
1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of moisture
D 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
content, ash content, and organic matter in peats and other
Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock
organic soils, such as organic clays, silts, and mucks.
as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
1.1.1 Method A – moisture is determined by drying peat or
D 4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying
organic sample at 105 °C.
Balances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and
1.1.2 Method B – Alternative moisture method which re-
Construction Materials Testing
moves the total moisture in two steps: (1) evaporation of
D 6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechni-
moisture at room temperature, (2) subsequent oven drying of
cal Data
air dried sample at 105 °C.
E 145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
1.1.3 Method C – Ash content of a peat or organic soil
Ventilation Ovens
sample is determined by igniting oven dried sample from
moisture content determination in a muffle furnace at 440 °C.
3. Terminology
1.1.4 Method D – Ash content of a peat or organic soil
3.1 Definitions:
sample is determined by igniting oven dried sample from
3.1.1 Forcommondefinitionsoftermsinthisstandard,refer
moisture content determination in a muffle furnace at 750 °C.
to Terminology D 653.
1.2 This test method should be used for geotechnical and
general classification. In addition, the test method should be
4. Summary of Test Methods
used when peats are being evaluated for use as a fuel.
4.1 Test MethodA—Moistureisdeterminedbydryingapeat
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
or organic soil sample at 105°C. The moisture content is
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
expressed either as a percent of the oven dry mass or of the
standard. Use Practice D 6026 for determining significant
as-received mass.
digits to report.
4.2 Test Method B—This is an alternative moisture method
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
which removes the total moisture in two steps: ( 1) evaporation
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of moisture in air at room temperature (air-drying), and (2) the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
subsequent oven drying of the air-dried sample at 105°C. This
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
method provides a more stable sample, the air-dried sample,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
when tests for nitrogen, pH, cation exchange, and the like are
2. Referenced Documents to be made.
2 4.3 Test Methods C and D—Ashcontentofapeatororganic
2.1 ASTM Standards:
soil sample is determined by igniting the oven-dried sample
from the moisture content determination in a muffle furnace at
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These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil 440°C (Method C) or 750°C (Method D). The substance
and Rock and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.06 on Physical-
remainingafterignitionistheash.Theashcontentisexpressed
Chemical Interactions of Soil and Rock.
as a percentage of the mass of the oven-dried sample.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2007. Published January 2007. Originally
4.4 Organic matter is determined by subtracting percent ash
approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 2974 – 00.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
content from one hundred.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D2974–07
5. Significance and Use 8.1.1.3 Cover immediately with the aluminum foil cover
and record the mass to the nearest 0.01 g.
5.1 This test method can be used to determine the moisture
8.1.1.4 Dry uncovered for at least 16 h at 105°C or until
content, ash content, and percent organic matter in soil.
there is no change in mass of the sample after further drying
5.2 The
...
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