ASTM C675-91(2001)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Alkali Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Returnable Beverage Glass Containers
Standard Test Method for Alkali Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Returnable Beverage Glass Containers
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the alkali resistance of ceramic labels (hereafter referred to as ACL (Applied Color Label)) on returnable beverage bottles (hereafter referred to as ware) to ensure the necessary durability of the label. A number of states require the cleaning and sanitizing of this ware by washing in hot alkali solutions. Accelerated tests are needed to ensure that the ACL will withstand the anticipated number of washings and still present an acceptable ware identification and appearance.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:C675–91(Reapproved 2001)
Standard Test Method for
Alkali Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Returnable
1
Beverage Glass Containers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 675; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope (CO )absorptionandtheinhibitingactionofboroncompounds
2
dissolved from the ACL.
1.1 This test method covers determination of the alkali
4.2 Do not use borosilicate glass containers for test solu-
resistance of ceramic labels (hereafter referred to as ACL
tions.
(Applied Color Label)) on returnable beverage bottles (here-
after referred to as ware) to ensure the necessary durability of
5. Apparatus
thelabel.Anumberofstatesrequirethecleaningandsanitizing
5.1 Tank, steel or stainless steel, equipped with a thermo-
of this ware by washing in hot alkali solutions. Accelerated
statically controlled means of heating, and a solution level
tests are needed to ensure that the ACL will withstand the
control, to prevent variations in solution concentration and
anticipated number of washings and still present an acceptable
temperature. The tank should be equipped with a coarsescreen
ware identification and appearance.
mesh shelf on which ware being tested is placed to avoid
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sludge build-up around the ware.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.2 Bottle Saw or Hot Wire Cutter—Either a hot wire or an
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
abrasive wheel saw can be used to cut ware. If an abrasive
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
wheel is used, the abrasive and glass sludge should be rinsed
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
off the ware to avoid excessive depletion of the alkali solution.
2. Summary of Method
6. Reagents
2.1 ThetimerequiredfordestructionofACLonexposureto
6.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests.
alkalisolutionsisroughlyproportionaltothelabelthickness.A
Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall
thin coating of good alkali-resistant enamel will fail in a
conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical
relatively short time, while an extremely heavy coating of a
2
Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where such
poor alkali-resistant enamel will look reasonably good. A
specifications are available. Other grades may be used, pro-
qualitative procedure is described. Any plant or laboratory
vided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently
using this procedure should establish its own standards.
high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of
2.1.1 This test method is a qualitative method and deter-
the determination.
mines the time required for 90 % destruction of any ACL
6.2 Alkali Solution—Prepare the alkali solution by mixing
exposed to an alkali solution by visual inspection. This test
the following reagents:
method requires a minimum of skill and experience by the
weight%
operator.
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 9.1
Trisodium phosphate (Na PO ·12H O) 0.9
3 4 2
3. Significance and Use
Tap water 90.0
3.1 This test method provides a means for determining the
7. Test Specimens
durability of decorated returnable glass beverage containers
7.1 The test ware should be representative of the lot or run
which may be a prerequisite in product specifications.
and should have good application and fire. Tests should be run
4. Interferences
on ware with bottoms removed. The bottoms can be easily
4.1 Prepare fresh alkali solution for each set of ware and do
not use the solution more than 24 h because of carbon dioxide
2
Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
and Glass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.10 on listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
Glass Decoration. Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 1991. Published January 1992. Originally and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
published as C 675 – 71 T. Last previous edition C 675 – 85. MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C675
removed with a hot wire cutter or a water-cooled abrasive 8.
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