ASTM D4128-18
(Guide)Standard Guide for Identification and Quantitation of Organic Compounds in Water by Combined Gas Chromatography and Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry
Standard Guide for Identification and Quantitation of Organic Compounds in Water by Combined Gas Chromatography and Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 With the common occurrence in water of organic compounds, some of which are toxic, it is often necessary to identify the specific compounds present and to determine the concentration.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the identification and quantitation of organic compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (electron impact) that are present or extracted from water and are capable of passing through a gas chromatograph without alteration. This guide can be used to provide tentative identifications of volatile and semi-volatile organics, but is restricted to (a) compounds for which reference spectra can be obtained and (b) compounds that can be separated by gas chromatography (GC). These restrictions are imposed on the guide, but are not a limitation of the technique. The guide is written for analysis using automated data acquisition and handling.
1.2 Guidelines have been included for quantitation using ASTM Test Methods D3871, D3973, and other GC-MS volatile/semivolatile procedures used for environmental analysis2. The actual detection limits for each component must be determined in each laboratory. Actual detection amounts will vary with the complexity of the matrix, the kind and condition of the GC-MS system, the sample preparation technique chosen, and the application of cleanup techniques to the sample extract, if any. Lower levels of detection can be achieved using modern sensitive instruments or with selected ion monitoring (SIM). To determine the interlaboratory detection estimate (IDE) and the interlaboratory quantitation estimate (IQE), follow Practices D6091 and D6512.
1.3 The guide is applicable to the identification of many organic constituents of natural and treated waters. It includes all modes of sample introduction, including injection of organic extracts, direct aqueous injection, and purge and trap techniques.
1.4 The guide is applicable to capillary column gas chromatography.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D4128 −18
Standard Guide for
Identification and Quantitation of Organic Compounds in
Water by Combined Gas Chromatography and Electron
1
Impact Mass Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4128; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1.1 This guide covers the identification and quantitation of
standard.
organic compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
(GC-MS) (electron impact) that are present or extracted from
water and are capable of passing through a gas chromatograph safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
without alteration. This guide can be used to provide tentative responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
identifications of volatile and semi-volatile organics, but is priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
restricted to (a) compounds for which reference spectra can be mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
obtained and (b) compounds that can be separated by gas 1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
chromatography (GC). These restrictions are imposed on the dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
guide, but are not a limitation of the technique. The guide is ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
written for analysis using automated data acquisition and Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
handling. mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.2 Guidelines have been included for quantitation using
ASTM Test Methods D3871, D3973, and other GC-MS
2. Referenced Documents
volatile/semivolatile procedures used for environmental analy-
2 3
sis . The actual detection limits for each component must be 2.1 ASTM Standards:
determined in each laboratory. Actual detection amounts will D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
vary with the complexity of the matrix, the kind and condition D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
of the GC-MS system, the sample preparation technique D1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steam
4
chosen,andtheapplicationofcleanuptechniquestothesample in Closed Conduits (Withdrawn 2003)
extract, if any. Lower levels of detection can be achieved using D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
modern sensitive instruments or with selected ion monitoring D2908 Practice for Measuring Volatile Organic Matter in
(SIM). To determine the interlaboratory detection estimate Water by Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography
(IDE) and the interlaboratory quantitation estimate (IQE), D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Flowing Process
follow Practices D6091 and D6512. Streams
D3694 Practices for Preparation of Sample Containers and
1.3 The guide is applicable to the identification of many
for Preservation of Organic Constituents
organic constituents of natural and treated waters. It includes
D3871 Test Method for Purgeable Organic Compounds in
all modes of sample introduction, including injection of or-
Water Using Headspace Sampling
ganic extracts, direct aqueous injection, and purge and trap
D3973 TestMethodforLow-MolecularWeightHalogenated
techniques.
Hydrocarbons in Water
1.4 The guide is applicable to capillary column gas chro-
D5175 Test Method for Organohalide Pesticides and Poly-
matography.
chlorinated Biphenyls in Water by Microextraction and
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water and is
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods for Analysis for
3
Organic Substances in Water For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2018. Published January 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
published in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4128 – 06 (2012). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D4128-18. the ASTM website.
4
2
EPA Methods 624 and 8260C (volatiles) and EPA Methods 625 and 8270D The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
(semivolatiles) are suitable for quantitation. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4128 − 06 (Reapproved 2012) D4128 − 18
Standard Guide for
Identification and Quantitation of Organic Compounds in
Water by Combined Gas Chromatography and Electron
1
Impact Mass Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4128; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers the identification and quantitation of organic compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
(GC-MS) (electron impact) that are present or extracted from water and are capable of passing through a gas chromatograph
without alteration. The guide is intended primarily for solutions for which 1 ng or more of any component of interest can be
introduced onto a gas chromatographic column. This guide has the advantage of providingThis guide can be used to provide
tentative identifications of volatile and semi-volatile organics, but is restricted to (a) compounds for which reference spectra can
be obtained and (b) compounds that can be separated by gas chromatography (GC). These restrictions are imposed on the guide,
but are not a limitation of the technique. The guide is written for, but not restricted to, for analysis using automated data acquisition
and handling.
1.2 Guidelines have been included for quantitation using ASTM Test Methods D3871, D3973, and other GC-MS volatile/
2
semivolatile procedures used for environmental analysis . A detection amount of 1 ng can only be considered approximate. The
actual detection limits for each component must be determined in each laboratory. Actual detection amounts will vary with the
complexity of the matrix, the kind and condition of the GC-MS system, the sample preparation technique chosen, and the
application of cleanup techniques to the sample extract, if any. Lower levels of detection can be achieved using modern sensitive
instruments or with selected ion monitoring (SIM). To determine the interlaboratory detection estimate (IDE) and the
interlaboratory quantitation estimate (IQE), follow Practices D6091 and D6512.
1.3 The guide is applicable to the identification of many organic constituents of natural and treated waters. It includes all modes
of sample introduction, including injection of organic extracts, direct aqueous injection, and purge and trap techniques.
1.4 The guide is applicable to either packed or capillary column gas chromatography, including wide-bore capillary columns.
Because of their greatly enhanced resolution, capillary columns are strongly recommended.chromatography.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods for Analysis for Organic
Substances in Water
Current edition approved June 15, 2012Dec. 15, 2018. Published August 2012January 2019. Originally published in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 20062012
as D4128 – 06.D4128 – 06 (2012). DOI: 10.1520/D4128-06R12.10.1520/D4128-18.
2
U.S. EPA Methods 624 and 82608260C (volatiles) and U.S. EPA Methods 625 and 82708270D (semivolatiles) are suitable for quantitation.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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