ASTM D5864-00

Standard Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the degree of aerobic aquatic biodegradation of fully formulated lubricants or their components on exposure to an inoculum under laboratory conditions.  
1.2 This test method is intended to specifically address the difficulties associated with testing water insoluble materials and complex mixtures such as are found in many lubricants.  
1.3 This test method is designed to be applicable to all lubricants that are not volatile and are not inhibitory at the test concentration to the organisms present in the inoculum.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards are discussed in Section 10.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2000
• ICS: 13.060.70 - Examination of biological properties of water
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.12 - Environmental Standards for Lubricants

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D5864-95 - Standard Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2000
• Replaced By: ASTM D5864-05 - Standard Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D8029-18 - Standard Specification for Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic Fluids
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D6006-23 - Standard Guide for Assessing Biodegradability of Hydraulic Fluids
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D6046-18 - Standard Classification of Hydraulic Fluids for Environmental Impact
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D6384-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Biodegradability and Ecotoxicity of Lubricants
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D8324-21 - Standard Guide for Selection of Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Vessel General Permit
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D7665-22 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Biodegradable Heat Transfer Fluids
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D6139-22 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components Using the Gledhill Shake Flask
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:D5864–00
Standard Test Method for
Determining Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants
1
or Their Components
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5864; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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1. Scope 2.3 APHA Standard:
2540B Total Solids Dried at 103–105°C
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the degree
9215 Heterotrophic Plate Count
of aerobic aquatic biodegradation of fully formulated lubri-
cants or their components on exposure to an inoculum under
3. Terminology
laboratory conditions.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 This test method is intended to specifically address the
3.1.1 Definitions of terms applicable to this test method that
difficulties associated with testing water insoluble materials
are not described herein appear in the Compilation of ASTM
and complex mixtures such as are found in many lubricants.
7
Standard Definitions, 1990 or Terminology E 943.
1.3 This test method is designed to be applicable to all
3.1.2 aerobic, adj—(1) taking place in the presence of
lubricants that are not volatile and are not inhibitory at the test
oxygen, (2) living or active in the presence of oxygen.
concentration to the organisms present in the inoculum.
3.1.3 biodegradation, n—the process of chemical break-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
down or transformation of a substance caused by organisms or
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
their enzymes.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.4 biomass, n—any material, excluding fossil fuels,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
which is or was a living organism or component of a living
bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Specifichazardsare
organism.
discussed in Section 10.
3.1.5 blank, n—a flask containing the test medium and the
2. Referenced Documents inoculum with no additional carbon source added.
3.1.6 inoculum, n—spores, bacteria, single celled organ-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
isms, or other live materials, that are introduced into a test
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
2
medium.
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
2
3.1.7 lag phase, n—the period of physiological activity and
D 1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
diminished cell division following the addition of microorgan-
D 4447 Guide for Disposal of Laboratory Chemicals and
8
3
isms to a new culture medium.
Samples
3.1.8 log phase, n—the period of growth of microorganisms
D 5291 Test Methods for Instrumental Determination of
8
during which cells divide at a constant rate.
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Petroleum Products
4 3.1.9 mixed liquor, n—the contents of an aeration tank
and Lubricants
including the activated sludge mixed with primary effluent or
E 943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and En-
3 the raw wastewater and return sludge.
vironmental Fate
5
3.1.10 pre-adaptation, n—the incubation of an inoculum in
2.2 ISO Standard:
the presence of the test substance which is done prior to the
4259:1992(E) Petroleum Products—Determination andAp-
initiation of the test and under conditions similar to the test
plication of Precision Data in Relation to Methods of Test
conditions.
3.1.10.1 Discussion—The aim of pre-adaptation is to im-
prove the precision of the test method by decreasing variability
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
in the rate of biodegradation produced by the inoculum.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.12 on Environmental Standards for Lubricants.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2000. Published February 2001. Originally
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published as D 5864–95. Last previous edition D 5864–95. From Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, latest
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. edition. Available from the American Public Health Association, 1015 18th St.,
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.04. N.W., Washington, DC 20036.
4 7
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.03. Available from ASTM Headquarters.
5 8
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd St., New Adapted from McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th
York, NY, 10036. ed., 1989.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D5864–00
Pre-adaptation may mimic the natural processes which cause 5.3 Information on toxicity to the inoculum of the test
changes in
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