ASTM D6384-22
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Biodegradability and Ecotoxicity of Lubricants
Standard Terminology Relating to Biodegradability and Ecotoxicity of Lubricants
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers definitions relating to biodegradability and ecotoxicity of lubricants.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6384 − 22
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Biodegradability and Ecotoxicity of Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6384; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* biomass, n—biological material including any material other
than fossil fuels which is or was a living organism or
1.1 This terminology covers definitions relating to biode-
component or product of a living organism.
gradability and ecotoxicity of lubricants.
DISCUSSION—In biology and environmental science, biomass is
1.2 This international standard was developed in accor-
typically expressed as density of biological material per unit sample
2
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- volume, area, or mass (g biomass/g(or/mLor/cm ) sample); when
used for products derived from organisms biomass is typically ex-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3
pressed in terms of mass (kg, MT, etc.) or volume (L, m , bbl, etc.).
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
DISCUSSION—Products of living organisms include those materials
produced directly by living organisms as metabolites (for example,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ethanol, various carbohydrates and fatty acids), materials manufactured
by processing living organisms (for example, pellets manufactured by
2. Referenced Documents
shredding and pelletizing plant material) and materials produced by
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: processing living organisms, their components or metabolites (for
example, transesterified oil; also called biodiesel).
D5864 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Bio-
degradation of Lubricants or Their Components
blank, n—in biodegradability testing, a test system containing
D6139 Test Method for Determining the Aerobic Aquatic
all system components with the exception of the test
Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components Using
material.
the Gledhill Shake Flask
chronic ecotoxicity test, n—a comparative ecotoxicity test in
which a representative subpopulation of organisms is ex-
3. Terminology
posedtodifferenttreatratesofatestmaterialandisobserved
activated sludge, n—the precipitated solid matter, consisting
foraperiodoftimewhichconstitutesamajorportionoftheir
mainly of bacteria and other aquatic microrganisms, that is
life span.
produced at a domestic wastewater treatment plant and is
ecotoxicity, n—the propensity of a test material to produce
used primarily in secondary sewage treatment to microbially
adverse behavioral, biochemical, or physiological effects in
oxidize dissolved organic matter in the effluent. D6139
non-human organisms or populations.
aerobic, adj—(1) taking place in the presence of oxygen; (2)
effect load XX (ELXX), n—a statistically or graphically
living or active in the presence of oxygen. D6139
estimated loading rate of test material that is expected to
biodegradation, n—the process of chemical break-down or cause one or more specified effects in XX % of a represen-
tative subpopulation of organisms under specified condi-
transformation of a material caused by organisms or their
enzymes. D5864 tions.
DISCUSSION—Thisterminologyshouldbeusedinsteadofthestandard
DISCUSSION—Biodegradation is only one mechanism by which ma-
ECXX when the test material is not completely soluble at the test treat
terials are transformed in the environment.
rates.
environmental compartment, n—a subdivision of the envi-
ronment based on physical or chemical properties, or both.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
DISCUSSION—Examples of environmental compartments are aerobic
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
fresh water, aerobic marine, aerobic soil, and anaerobic media. The
D02.12 on Environmental Standards for Lubricants.
results of test procedures may be applied to environmental
Current edition approved April 1, 2022. Published April 2022. Originally
compartments, but the test systems do not constitute an environmental
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D6384 – 19. DOI:
compartment.
10.1520/D6384-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
fresh water environment, n—in ecotoxicity testing, the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
aerobic, aqueous compartment
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6384 − 19 D6384 − 22
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Biodegradability and Ecotoxicity of Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6384; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This terminology covers definitions relating to biodegradability and ecotoxicity of lubricants.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5864 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components
D6139 Test Method for Determining the Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components Using the Gledhill
Shake Flask
3. Terminology
activated sludge, n—the precipitated solid matter, consisting mainly of bacteria and other aquatic microrganisms, that is
produced at a domestic wastewater treatment plant; activated sludge plant and is used primarily in secondary sewage treatment
to microbially oxidize dissolved organic matter in the effluent. D6139
aerobic, adj—(1) taking place in the presence of oxygen; (2) living or active in the presence of oxygen. D6139
biodegradation, n—the process of chemical break-down or transformation of a material caused by organisms or their enzymes.
D5864
DISCUSSION—
Biodegradation is only one mechanism by which materials are transformed in the environment.
biomass, n—biological material including any material other than fossil fuels which is or was a living organism or component
or product of a living organism.
DISCUSSION—
In biology and environmental science, biomass is typically expressed as density of biological material per unit sample volume, area, or mass (g biomass
2
/ g (or / mL or / cm ) sample); when used for products derived from organisms biomass is typically expressed in terms of mass (kg, MT, etc.) or volume
3
(L, m , bbl, etc.).
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of D02.12 on
Environmental Standards for Lubricants.
Current edition approved June 1, 2019April 1, 2022. Published August 2019April 2022. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20182019 as
D6384 – 18.D6384 – 19. DOI: 10.1520/D6384-19.10.1520/D6384-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D6384 − 22
DISCUSSION—
Products of living organisms include those materials produced directly by living organisms as metabolites (for example, ethanol, various carbohydrates
and fatty acids), materials manufactured by processing living organisms (for example, pellets manufactured by shredding and pelletizing plant material)
and materials produced by processing living organisms, their components or metabolites (for example, transesterified oil; also called biodiesel).
blank, n—in biodegradability testing, a test system containing all system components with the exception of the test material.
chronic ecotoxicity test, n—a comparative ecotoxicity test in which a representative subpopulation of organisms is exposed to
different treat rates of a test material and is observed for a period of time which constitutes a major portion of their life span.
ecotoxicity, n—the propensity of a test material to produce adverse behavioral, biochemical, or physiological effects in
non-human organisms or populations.
effect load XX (ELXX), n—a statistically or graphically estimated loading rate of test material that is expected to cause one
or more specified effects in XX % of a representative subpopulation of organisms under specified conditions.
DISCUSSION—
This terminology shou
...
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