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ASTM D5505-14

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Classifying Emulsified Recycling Agents

Standard Practice for Classifying Emulsified Recycling Agents

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Recycling of deteriorated asphalt pavements is being used as a routine method of maintenance and rehabilitation. Utilization of existing materials as the major component of this procedure may yield benefits in quality, economy, and preservation of natural resources. Recycling takes many forms; hot, cold, in-situ, central plant and surface. This practice may be used for various recycling methods.  
3.2 This practice describes emulsified recycling (ER) agents as belonging to three groups; ER-1, ER-2, and ER-3 as shown in Table 1. The range of recycling methods demands several emulsified recycling agents. The groups should provide adequate freedom of selection for most recycling methods.  
3.2.1 ER-1 is a material whose main function is to rejuvenate aged asphalt. The material is a petroleum derivative, and highly compatible with asphalts. It is classified by viscosity.  
3.2.2 ER-2 and ER-3 are materials that combine rejuvenators and asphalt components in one emulsified asphalt. These soft residues are classified by low temperature penetration after aging. They are typically used in recycling where there is an increased demand for asphalt as when new aggregates are added, or where immediate cohesiveness is desired.  
3.3 The choice of ER will be determined by the properties of the asphalt binder in the aged pavement, the methods of recycling planned, the amount, if any, of new aggregates, and other design needs.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice identifies emulsified petroleum products that may be used as recycling agents in recycled mixes. These materials are classified by viscosity or by low temperature penetration after aging.  
1.2 This practice addresses emulsified materials designed specifically for use in recycling. The use of emulsified materials for recycling shall not be limited to this practice. For instance, the emulsified asphalts specified in Specifications D977 and D2397 may be used.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2014
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D04 - Road and Paving Materials
Drafting Committee
D04.41 - Emulsified Asphalt Specifications
Current Stage
Ref Project

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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5505 −14
Standard Practice for
1
Classifying Emulsified Recycling Agents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5505; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4124 Test Method for Separation of Asphalt into Four
Fractions
1.1 This practice identifies emulsified petroleum products
D6930 Test Method for Settlement and Storage Stability of
that may be used as recycling agents in recycled mixes. These
Emulsified Asphalts
materials are classified by viscosity or by low temperature
D6933 Test Method for Oversized Particles in Emulsified
penetration after aging.
Asphalts (Sieve Test)
1.2 This practice addresses emulsified materials designed
D6937 Test Method for Determining Density of Emulsified
specifically for use in recycling. The use of emulsified mate-
Asphalt
rials for recycling shall not be limited to this practice. For
D6997 Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified Asphalt
instance, the emulsified asphalts specified in Specifications
D7402 Practice for Identifying Cationic EmulsifiedAsphalts
D977 and D2397 may be used.
D7496 Test Method for Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalt by
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Saybolt Furol Viscometer
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D7553 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in
standard.
N-Propyl Bromide
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and
3.1 Recycling of deteriorated asphalt pavements is being
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
used as a routine method of maintenance and rehabilitation.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Utilization of existing materials as the major component of this
2. Referenced Documents
procedure may yield benefits in quality, economy, and preser-
2
vation of natural resources. Recycling takes many forms; hot,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
cold, in-situ, central plant and surface. This practice may be
D5 Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
used for various recycling methods.
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
D977 Specification for Emulsified Asphalt
3.2 This practice describes emulsified recycling (ER) agents
D1754 Test Method for Effects of Heat andAir onAsphaltic
as belonging to three groups; ER-1, ER-2, and ER-3 as shown
Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)
in Table 1. The range of recycling methods demands several
D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in
emulsified recycling agents. The groups should provide ad-
Trichloroethylene
equate freedom of selection for most recycling methods.
D2170 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts
3.2.1 ER-1 is a material whose main function is to rejuve-
(Bitumens)
nate aged asphalt. The material is a petroleum derivative, and
D2397 Specification for Cationic Emulsified Asphalt
highly compatible with asphalts. It is classified by viscosity.
D2872 Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving
Film of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test) 3.2.2 ER-2 and ER-3 are materials that combine rejuvena-
tors and asphalt components in one emulsified asphalt. These
soft residues are classified by low temperature penetration after
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and
aging. They are typically used in recycling where there is an
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.41 on
increased demand for asphalt as when new aggregates are
Emulsified Asphalt Specifications.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2014.PublishedJuly2014.Originallyapproved
added, or where immediate cohesiveness is desired.
in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5505 – 06. DOI: 10.1520/
D5505-14.
3.3 The choice of ER will be determined by the properties
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
of the asphalt binder in the aged pavement, the methods of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
recycling planned, the amount, if any, of new aggregates, and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. other design needs.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5505−14
TABLE 1 Specifications for Emulsified Recycling Agents
Test ER-1 ER-2 ER-3
Tests
Method
min max min max min max
Viscosity, 50°C, SFS D749
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5505 − 06 D5505 − 14
Standard Practice for
1
Classifying Emulsified Recycling Agents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5505; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice identifies emulsified petroleum products that may be used as recycling agents in recycled mixes. These
materials are classified by viscosity or by low temperature penetration after aging.
1.2 This practice addresses emulsified materials designed specifically for use in recycling. The use of emulsified materials for
recycling shall not be limited to this practice. For instance, the emulsified asphalts specified in Specifications D977 and D2397 may
be used.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This practice addresses emulsified materials designed specifically for use in recycling. The use of emulsified materials for
recycling shall not be limited to this practice. For instance, the emulsions specified in Specfications D977 and D2397 may be used.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5 Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
D70 Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid Bituminous Materials (Pycnometer Method)
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
D244 Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified Asphalts
D977 Specification for Emulsified Asphalt
D1754 Test Method for Effects of Heat and Air on Asphaltic Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)
D2007 Test Method for Characteristic Groups in Rubber Extender and Processing Oils and Other Petroleum-Derived Oils by the
Clay-Gel Absorption Chromatographic Method
D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in Trichloroethylene
D2170 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts (Bitumens)
D2397 Specification for Cationic Emulsified Asphalt
D2872 Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving Film of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test)
D4124 Test Method for Separation of Asphalt into Four Fractions
D6930 Test Method for Settlement and Storage Stability of Emulsified Asphalts
D6933 Test Method for Oversized Particles in Emulsified Asphalts (Sieve Test)
D6937 Test Method for Determining Density of Emulsified Asphalt
D6997 Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified Asphalt
D7402 Practice for Identifying Cationic Emulsified Asphalts
D7496 Test Method for Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalt by Saybolt Furol Viscometer
D7553 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in N-Propyl Bromide
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.41 on Emulsified
Asphalt Specifications.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2006June 1, 2014. Published December 2006July 2014. Originally approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 20012006 as
D5505 – 97 (2001).D5505 – 06. DOI: 10.1520/D5505-06.10.1520/D5505-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5505 − 14
3. Significance and Use
3.1 Recycling of deteriorated asphalt pavements is being used as a routine method of maintenance and rehabilitation. Utilization
of existing materials as the major component of this procedure may yield benefits in quality, economy, and preservation of natural
resources. Recycling takes many forms; hot, cold, in-situ, central plant and surface. This practice may be used for various recycling
methods.
3.2 This practice describes emulsified recycling (ER) agents as belonging to three groups; ER-1, ER-2, and ER-3 as shown in
Table 1. The range of recycling methods demands several emulsified recycling agents. The groups should provide adequa
...

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Standard Practice for Classifying Emulsified Recycling Agents

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Recycling of deteriorated asphalt pavements is being used as a routine method of maintenance and rehabilitation. Utilization of existing materials as the major component of this procedure may yield benefits in quality, economy, and preservation of natural resources. Recycling takes many forms: hot, cold, in-situ, central plant, and surface. This practice may be used for various recycling methods.  
3.2 This practice describes emulsified recycling (ER) agents as belonging to three groups: ER-1, ER-2, and ER-3 as shown in Table 1. The range of recycling methods demands several emulsified recycling agents. The groups should provide adequate freedom of selection for most recycling methods. (A) ER-1 shall be certified for dilution with potable water.(B) This specification allows a variety of emulsified asphalts. The engineer should take the steps necessary to keep incompatible materials from co-mingling in tanks or other vessels. It would be prudent to have the chemical charge nature certified by the supplier.(C) RTFO shall be the referee method. When approved by the engineer, the thin-film oven test (Test Method D1754/D1754M) may be substituted for compliance testing.  
3.2.1 ER-1 is a material whose main function is to rejuvenate aged asphalt. The material is a petroleum derivative, and highly compatible with asphalts. It is classified by viscosity.  
3.2.2 ER-2 and ER-3 are materials that combine rejuvenators and asphalt components in one emulsified asphalt. These soft residues are classified by low temperature penetration after aging. They are typically used in recycling where there is an increased demand for asphalt as when new aggregates are added, or where immediate cohesiveness is desired.  
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4.1 Representative samples of petroleum and petroleum products are required for the determination of chemical and physical properties, which are used to establish standard volumes, prices, and compliance with commercial terms and regulatory requirements. This practice does not cover sampling of electrical insulating oils and hydraulic fluids. This practice does not address how to sample crude at temperatures below the freezing point of water.
PART I—General
This part is applicable to all petroleum liquid sampling whether it be crude oil or refined products. Review this section before designing or installing any automatic sampling system.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes general procedures and equipment for automatically obtaining samples of liquid petroleum and petroleum products, crude oils, and intermediate products from the sample point into the primary container. This practice also provides additional specific information about sample container selection, preparation, and sample handling. If sampling is for the precise determination of volatility, use Practice D5842 (API MPMS Chapter 8.4) in conjunction with this practice. For sample mixing and handling, refer to Practice D5854 (API MPMS Chapter 8.3). This practice does not cover sampling of electrical insulating oils and hydraulic fluids.  
1.2 Table of Contents:    
Section  
INTRODUCTION  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Significance and Use  
4  
PART I–GENERAL  
Representative Sampling Components  
5  
Design Criteria  
6  
Automatic Sampling Systems  
7  
Sampling Location  
8  
Mixing of the Flowing Stream  
9  
Proportionality  
10  
Sample Extractor Grab Volume  
11  
Containers  
12  
Sample Handling and Mixing  
13  
Control Systems  
14  
Sample System Security  
15  
System Proving (Performance Acceptance Tests)  
16  
Performance Monitoring  
17  
PART II–CRUDE OIL  
Crude Oil  
18  
PART III–REFINED PRODUCTS  
Refined Products  
19  
KEYWORDS  
Keywords  
20  
ANNEXES  
Calculations of the Margin of Error based on Number of Sample Grabs  
Annex A1  
Theoretical Calculations for Selecting the Sampler Probe Location  
Annex A2  
Portable Sampling Units  
Annex A3  
Profile Performance Test  
Annex A4  
Sampler Acceptance Test Data  
Annex A5  
APPENDIXES  
Design Data Sheet for Automatic Sampling System  
Appendix X1  
Comparisons of Percent Sediment and Water versus Unloading Time Period  
Appendix X2  
Sampling Frequency and Sampling System Monitoring Spreadsheet  
Appendix X3  
Sampling System Monitoring—Additional Diagnostics  
Appendix X4  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or US Customary (USC) units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Except where there is no direct SI equivalent, such as for National Pipe Threads/diameters, or tubing.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4057-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Samples of petroleum and petroleum products are obtained for many reasons, including the determination of chemical and physical properties. These properties may be used for: calculating standard volumes; establishing product value; and often safety and regulatory reporting.  
4.2 There are inherent limitations when performing any type of sampling, any one of which may affect the representative nature of the sample. As examples, a spot sample provides a sample from only one particular point in the tank, vessel compartment, or pipeline. In the case of running or all-level samples, the sample only represents the column of material from which it was taken.  
4.3 Based on the product, and testing to be performed, this practice provides guidance on sampling equipment, container preparation, and manual sampling procedures for petroleum and petroleum products of a liquid, semi-liquid, or solid state, from the storage tanks, flowlines, pipelines, marine vessels, process vessels, drums, cans, tubes, bags, kettles, and open discharge streams into the primary sample container.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures and equipment for manually obtaining samples of liquid petroleum and petroleum products, crude oils, and intermediate products from the sample point into the primary container are described. Procedures are also included for the sampling of free water and other heavy components associated with petroleum and petroleum products.  
1.2 This practice also addresses the sampling of semi-liquid or solid-state petroleum products. For the sampling of green petroleum coke, see Practice D8145. For the sampling of calcined petroleum coke, see Practice D6970.  
1.3 This practice provides additional specific information about sample container selection, preparation, and sample handling.  
1.4 This practice does not cover sampling of electrical insulating oils and hydraulic fluids. If sampling is for the precise determination of volatility, use Practice D5842 (API MPMS Chapter 8.4) in conjunction with this practice. For sample mixing and handling, refer to Practice D5854 (API MPMS Chapter 8.3).  
1.5 The procedures described in this practice may also be applicable in sampling most non-corrosive liquid industrial chemicals provided that all safety precautions specific to these chemicals are followed. Also, refer to Practice E300. The procedures described in this practice are also applicable to sampling liquefied petroleum gases and chemicals. Also refer to Practices D1265 and D3700. The procedure for sampling bituminous materials is described in Practice D140. Practice D4306 provides guidance on sample containers and preparation for sampling aviation fuel.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. USC units are reflected in parentheses.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5291-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Instrumental Determination of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Petroleum Products and Lubricants

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This is the first ASTM standard covering the simultaneous determination of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen in petroleum products and lubricants.  
5.2 Carbon, hydrogen, and particularly nitrogen analyses are useful in determining the complex nature of sample types covered by this test method. The CHN results can be used to estimate the processing and refining potentials and yields in the petrochemical industry.  
5.3 The concentration of nitrogen is a measure of the presence of nitrogen containing additives. Knowledge of its concentration can be used to predict performance. Some petroleum products also contain naturally occurring nitrogen. Knowledge of hydrogen content in samples is helpful in addressing their performance characteristics. Hydrogen to carbon ratio is useful to assess the performance of upgrading processes.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the instrumental determination of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen in laboratory samples of petroleum products and lubricants. Values obtained represent the total carbon, the total hydrogen, and the total nitrogen.  
1.2 These test methods are applicable to samples such as crude oils, fuel oils, additives, and residues for carbon and hydrogen and nitrogen analysis. These test methods were tested in the concentration range of at least 75 % to 87 % by mass for carbon, at least 9 % to 16 % by mass for hydrogen, and  
1.3 The nitrogen test method is not applicable to light materials or those containing  
1.3.1 However, using Test Method D levels of 0.1 % by mass nitrogen in lubricants could be determined.  
1.4 These test methods are not recommended for the analysis of volatile materials such as gasoline, gasoline-oxygenate blends, or gasoline type aviation turbine fuels.  
1.5 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass % carbon, hydrogen or nitrogen.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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