ASTM D4175-05
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubricants
Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubricants
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard covers the compilation of terminology developed by Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants, except that it does not include terms/definitions specific only to the standards in which they appear.
1.1.1 The terminology, mostly definitions, is unique to petroleum, petroleum products, and lubricants. Meanings of the same terms outside of applications to petroleum, petroleum products, and lubricants can be found in other compilations and in dictionaries of general usage.
1.1.2 The terms/definitions exist in two places: (1) in the standards in which they appear and (2) in this compilation.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:D4175–05
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4175; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
been affected for reflectance losses, solvent absorption losses, and
1. Scope
refractive effects, if present, and that attenuation by scattering is small
1.1 This terminology standard covers the compilation of
compared with attenuation by absorption. [D02.04] D 2008
terminology developed by Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products and Lubricants, except that it does not include absorptivity, a, n—the specific property of a substance to
terms/definitions specific only to the standards in which they absorbradiantpowerperunitsampleconcentrationandpath
appear. length, expressed by:
1.1.1 The terminology, mostly definitions, is unique to
a 5 Af/bc
petroleum, petroleum products, and lubricants. Meanings of
where:
thesametermsoutsideofapplicationstopetroleum,petroleum
A = the absorbance defined in 3.1.4,
products,andlubricantscanbefoundinothercompilationsand
f = the dilution factor defined in 3.1.5,
in dictionaries of general usage.
b = sample cell path length, and
1.1.2 The terms/definitions exist in two places: (1) in the
c = the quantity of absorbing substance contained in a
standards in which they appear and (2) in this compilation.
volume of solvent.
2. Terminology [D02.04] D 2008
acceptance limit (AL), n—a numerical value that defines the
2.1 Alphabetical listing of terms with definitions for each
point between acceptable and unacceptable quality.
term showing attributions as to source and subcommittee
jurisdiction is in bold print following the definition. Those
DISCUSSION—The AL is not necessarily the specification limit. It is
showingnoattributesareunderthejurisdictionofSubcommit- thevaluethattakesintoaccountthespecificationvalue,thetestmethod
precision, and the confidence level desired for defining minimum
tee CS 95. Some abbreviations, acronyms and symbols are
included in the list. acceptable quality relative to the specification value. [D02.94]
D 3244
abrasion, n—wearbydisplacementofmaterialcausedbyhard
particles or hard protuberances. [D02.B0] D 4998 accepted reference value, n—a value that serves as an
abrasive wear—wear due to hard particles or hard protuber- agreed-upon reference for comparison and that is derived as
ances forced against and moving along a solid surface. (1) a theoretical or established value, based on scientific
[D02.L0] D 5182 principles, (2) an assigned value, based on experimental
absolute filtration rating, n—the diameter of the largest hard work of some national or international organization, such as
spherical particle that will pass through a filter under the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology
specified test conditions. This is an indication of the largest (NIST), or (3) a consensus value, based on collaborative
opening in the filter element. [D02.N0] D 4174 experimental work under the auspices of a scientific or
engineering group. [D02.94] D 6299, [E11] E 456, E 177
absorbance, A, n—the molecular property of a substance that
determinesitsabilitytotakeupradiantpower,expressedby: accuracy, n—the closeness of agreement between a test result
and an accepted reference value. [D02.94] D 6792
A 5log ~1/T! 5–log T
10 10
accuracy, n—the closeness of agreement between an observed
where T is the transmittance as defined in 3.1.3.
value and an accepted reference value. [D02.94] D 6299
DISCUSSION—Absorbance expresses the excess absorption over that acidnumber, n—thequantityofbase,expressedasmilligrams
ofaspecifiedreferenceorstandard.Itisimpliedthatcompensationhas
of potassium hydroxide per gram of sample, required to
titrate a sample to a specified end point.
DISCUSSION—This test method expresses the quantity of base as
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
milligramsofpotassiumhydroxidepergramofsample,thatisrequired
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
to titrate a sample in the solvent from its initial meter reading in
D02.95 on Terminology.
millivolts to a meter reading in millivolts corresponding to a freshly
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally
e2
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D4175–02a . prepared non-aqueous basic buffer solution or a well-defined inflection
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West C
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.