ASTM E1512-93
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Testing Bond Performance of Bonded Anchors
Standard Test Methods for Testing Bond Performance of Bonded Anchors
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover instructions for making a variety of tests for the strength of the adhesive bond developed between a steel anchor and the surface of a hole in concrete or masonry (including masonry units and mortar joints) and for assessing the effects on such bond of a variety of factors including elevated temperature, fire, moisture, and freezing and thawing action. The specifier or manufacturer shall select those tests that are appropriate for the given anchoring system and intended application.
1.2 The adhesive-bonded anchor system refers to a smooth or deformed steel bar or threaded rod, set in a predrilled hole containing chemical bonding compounds. Loads are transferred mainly by the bond of the adhesive both to the anchor and the surrounding elements along the sides of the hole. For anchoring systems made of significantly different materials, these test methods shall be taken as a guideline.
1.3 This standard applies to all adhesives used to bond steel anchors or steel reinforcement bars (rebar) to concrete or masonry. These test methods apply to anchorages used in uncracked concrete or masonry. They do not apply to the use of the anchor in the concrete tension zone. The usual forces applied during the tests are in tension, shear, and under a combination of both tension and shear.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E 1512 – 93 An American National Standard
Standard Test Methods for
Testing Bond Performance of Adhesive-Bonded Anchors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1512; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E 488 Test Method for Strength of Anchors in Concrete and
Masonry Elements
1.1 These test methods cover instructions for making a
E 575 Practice for Reporting Data from Structural Tests of
variety of tests for the strength of the adhesive bond developed
Building Constructions, Elements, Connections, and As-
between a steel anchor and the surface of a hole in concrete or
semblies
masonry (including masonry units and mortar joints) and for
assessing the effects on such bond of a variety of factors
3. Terminology
including elevated temperature, fire, moisture, and freezing and
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
thawing action. The specifier or manufacturer shall select those
3.1.1 control anchor—the anchor tested to provide a refer-
tests that are appropriate for the given anchoring system and
ence value that shall be used to compare with the value
intended application.
obtained by the test anchor. The control anchor shall be tested
1.2 The adhesive-bonded anchor system refers to a smooth
in concrete of the same strength and age as that of the test
or deformed steel bar or threaded rod, set in a predrilled hole
anchor.
containing chemical bonding compounds. Loads are trans-
3.1.2 epoxy resin—a viscous liquid or brittle solid contain-
ferred mainly by the bond of the adhesive both to the anchor
ing epoxide groups that cross-link into final form by means of
and the surrounding elements along the sides of the hole. For
a chemical reaction with a variety of setting agents used with
anchoring systems made of significantly different materials,
or without heat.
these test methods shall be taken as a guideline.
3.1.3 polyester resin—a condensation product resulting
1.3 These test methods apply to anchorages used in un-
from a chemical reaction between a dicarboxylic acid and a
cracked concrete or masonry. They do not apply to the use of
dihydroxy alcohol or by the polymerization of a hydroxy
the anchor in the concrete tension zone. The usual forces
carboxylic acid.
applied during the tests are in tension, shear, and under a
3.1.4 test anchor—the anchor being tested to criteria to
combination of both tension and shear.
determine its load-carrying capacity.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.5 vinylester resin—vinylesters are the reaction products
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
of epoxy resins with ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic
information only.
acids. These materials react to give crosslinking either by
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
polymerization of the vinylester resin with itself or by co-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
polymerization with unsaturated monomers such as styrene.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and to determine the
4. Significance and Use
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 These test methods are intended to provide information
2. Referenced Documents from which applicable design data and specifications are
derived for a given anchorage device and for qualifying
2.1 ASTM Standards:
anchors or anchorage devices.
C 666 Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid
2 4.2 These test methods shall be followed to ensure repro-
Freezing and Thawing
ducibility of the test data.
E 119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction
and Materials
5. General Requirements
5.1 The adhesive bonded anchors to be tested shall be
representative of the product made available for typical field
installations. The manufacturer shall provide information on
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E-6 on
Performance of Buildings and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.13
physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of the anchor
on Structural Performance of Connections in Building Construction.
system. If required by a customer or approval agency, the
Current edition approved March 15, 1993. Published May 1993.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.07.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.11.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E 1512
testing laboratory shall verify, or have a specialized laboratory anchors shall have a diameter of ⁄2 in. (12 mm). Test anchors
verify, the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of the of other diameters where specified by the purchaser.
adhesive.
7.1.3 Perform all tests in accordance with Test Method
5.2 The installation equipment, instructions, and procedures
E 488 under continuous load application, with continuous
shall be as specified by the manufacturer. If there are any
measurement of both load and displacement (deformation).
deviations from the manufacturer’s instructions when testing
The load application rate shall cause failure between 2 and 5
commercial anchors, they shall be described in the report.
min. Concrete compressive strength shall be between 2500 psi
5.3 The structural members shall be as described in Test
(17 MPa) and 3500 psi (24 MPa), unless otherwise specified, at
Method E 488.
the time of testing with a minimum concrete age of 28 days. In
5.4 The test and measuring equipment for performing static
addition, for smooth bars, the surface finish shall be typical for
tension and shear tests, as well as dynamic tests, are described
the standard anchor and, for threaded or deformed bars, the
in Test Method E 488. For performing long-term creep tests,
deformation pattern shall be typical for the standard anchor to
equipment that will sustain the required loads without distress
ensure a true bond strength. Unless otherwise specified, install
shall be used.
anchors at a room temperature between 65 and 75°F (18 and
24°C). Install and cure anchors according to the manufacturer’s
6. Materials and Manufacture
instructions unless otherwise specified.
6.1 The adhesive-bonded anchors shall be installed for use
7.2 Static Tests—Perform static shear and tension tests in
in accordance with written instructions of the manufacturer. An
accordance with Test Method E 488.
inert filler that does not affect the performance of the compo-
7.3 Fatigue Tests—Perform fatigue tests in accordance with
nents, if specified by the manufacturer, shall be uniformly
Test Method E 488.
incorporated in one or both bonding components.
7.4 Seismic Tests—Perform seismic tests in accordance with
Test Method E 488.
7. Procedure
7.5 Long-Term Load (Creep) Tests:
7.1 This section presents the specific tests that shall be
7.5.1 Test a minimum of three ⁄2 in. (12 mm) diameter
performed as required to evaluate the chemical anchor system.
anchors in tension.
7.1.1 The tests given in 7.2-7.4 are designed to determine
7.5.2 The test duration shall be a minimum of 120 days.
load capacity for the chemical anchoring system. Perform these
Maintain the temperature of the test specimens between 65 and
tests in accordance with Test Method E 488 with the test
75°F (18 and 24°C).
reaction-force distance from the test anchor complying with the
7.5.3 Load each anchor to a minimum constant static tensile
requirements of Table 2 of that test method.
force of 0.4 times the manufacturer’s published ultimate load
7.1.2 The tests given in 7.5-7.10 are designed to determine
for the full test duration. Typical test setups are shown in Figs.
the influence of loading and environmental influences on the
1 and 2.
bond strength of the adhesive. To ensure evaluation of the
adhesive bond strength, use steel of sufficiently high strength to 7.5.4 Load-displacement response for each specimen shall
prevent steel failure for the anchor. The reaction force shall be be monitored at sufficient intervals to develop a representative
close to the anchor to preclude concrete or masonry failure, but curve for the system. Since a large portion of the movement
allow bond failure. To provide comparative standardized data, occurs in the very early stages of the test, readings small be
FIG. 1 Tension Creep Test Arrangement
E 1512
7.6.5.2 Install additional anchors at the minimum tempera-
ture in structural members cooled at the specified temperature
sufficiently long to ensure that the entire sample is at the
specified temperature. Test the anchors in accordance with
7.6.1-7.6.4. Compare the ultimate loads, load displacement
curves, and the load-temperature charts to those of 7.6.4.
7.7 Tests on Effect of Damp Environment:
7.7.1 Test a minimum of five anchors. The anchors shall be
of ⁄2 in. (12 mm) diameter.
7.7.2 Install the control anchors in concrete or masonry
conditioned as required for concrete test specimens in Test
Methods E 119 and tested in tension. Test the test anchors in
damp concrete or masonry, that is, after the test holes have
been filled with water at room temperature of 68°F (20°C) for
a minimum of seven days. Immediately prior to installing the
test anchors, all freestanding water shall be removed so that the
hole wa
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