ASTM D5889/D5889M-18

Standard Practice for Quality Control of Geosynthetic Clay Liners

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 GCLs must be properly manufactured in a manner consistent with a minimum level of quality control as determined by in-house testing of the final product. This practice suggests the types of tests, the methods of the testing, and the minimum testing frequencies.  
MD = machine direction.
CD = cross-machine direction.
Minimum = lowest result for the produced lot from which the supplied rolls were selected.
Maximum = highest result for the produced lot from which the supplied rolls were selected.
n/a = not applicable. (A) The tests on the bentonite are to be performed on the as-received material before fabrication into the GCL product.(B) Cert letter from component manufacturer or QA from GCL manufacturer, or both. Cert letters must arrive and be checked before the components are used for the GCL production.(C) If the moisture content from the bentonite added during production did not change, the mass per unit area and moisture content of the bentonite (evaluated according to 1.3 in Table 1) can be used to determine the values of the finished GCL product.(D) Components from finished GCL product should not be separated and tested, because the production process may alter the properties of the components.(E) MARV–minimum average roll value, only evaluated for a one-year production period with an average value minus 2 standard deviations. If the production period is less than one year, for example, for job-specific products, a MARV value may not be able to be evaluated, then the minimum value shall be reported.(F) Dried bentonite should be defined as 0 % moisture content.(G) Internal shear testing (Test Method D6243/D6243M) may be applicable to quality control of the bonding strength of non-needle-punched reinforced and stitch-bonded GCLs.(H) This test is not applicable for multi-component GCLs (for example, products with geomembrane backing(s), geofilm backing(s), or polymer backing(s)).  
4.2 It should be clearly recognized that manufacturers may perf...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the manufacturing quality control of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs), describing types of tests, the proper test methods, and the minimum testing frequencies.  
1.2 This practice is intended to aid manufacturers, suppliers, purchasers, and users of GCLs in establishing a minimum level of effort for manufacturing quality control.  
1.3 This practice does not address manufacturing quality assurance, product acceptance testing, or conformance testing. These are independent activities taken by organizations other than the GCL manufacturer.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2018
• ICS: 65.020.40 - Landscaping and silviculture
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: D35 - Geosynthetics
• Drafting Committee: D35.04 - Geosynthetic Clay Liners

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5889/D5889M − 18
Standard Practice for
1
Quality Control of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5889/D5889M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic
Sheeting
1.1 This practice covers the manufacturing quality control
D1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-
of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs), describing types of tests,
Gradient Technique
the proper test methods, and the minimum testing frequencies.
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
1.2 Thispracticeisintendedtoaidmanufacturers,suppliers,
D4632/D4632M Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and
purchasers, and users of GCLs in establishing a minimum level
Elongation of Geotextiles
of effort for manufacturing quality control.
D5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thickness
1.3 This practice does not address manufacturing quality of Geosynthetics
D5261 Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area of
assurance, product acceptance testing, or conformance testing.
These are independent activities taken by organizations other Geotextiles
D5887/D5887M Test Method for Measurement of Index
than the GCL manufacturer.
Flux Through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Speci-
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
mens Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
D5890 Test Method for Swell Index of Clay Mineral Com-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
ponent of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
D5891/D5891M Test Method for Fluid Loss of Clay Com-
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
ponent of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
with the standard.
D5993 Test Method for Measuring Mass Per Unit of Geo-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
synthetic Clay Liners
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D5994/D5994M Test Method for Measuring CoreThickness
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of Textured Geomembranes
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
D6243/D6243M Test Method for Determining the Internal
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and Interface Shear Strength of Geosynthetic Clay Liner
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
by the Direct Shear Method
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D6496/D6496M Test Method for Determining Average
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Bonding Peel Strength Between Top and Bottom Layers
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay Liners
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D6693/D6693M Test Method for Determining Tensile Prop-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
erties of Nonreinforced Polyethylene and Nonreinforced
Flexible Polypropylene Geomembranes
2. Referenced Documents
D6768/D6768M Test Method for Tensile Strength of Geo-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
synthetic Clay Liners
3
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
2.2 Government Document:
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
EPA/600/R-93/182 Technical Guidance Document Quality
Assurance and Quality Control for Waste Containment
Facilities
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosyn-
thetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic
3. Terminology
Clay Liners.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2018. Published March 2018. Originally
3.1 Definitions:
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D5889/D5889M – 16.
3.1.1 Geosynthetic Definitions:
DOI: 10.1520/D5889_D5889M-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from U.S. Government Publishing Office, 732 N. Capitol St., NW,
the ASTM website. Washington, DC 20401-0001, http://www.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5889/D5889M − 18
3.1.1.1 adhered geosynthetic clay liner (GCL), n—GCL 3.1.3.2 quality control (QC), n—a planned system of activi-
product in which the clay component is bonded to a film or ties whose purpose is to provide a level of qua
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5889/D5889M − 16 D5889/D5889M − 18
Standard Practice for
1
Quality Control of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5889/D5889M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the manufacturing quality control of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs), describing types of tests, the
proper test methods, and the minimum testing frequencies.
1.2 This practice is intended to aid manufacturers, suppliers, purchasers, and users of GCLs in establishing a minimum level
of effort for manufacturing quality control.
1.3 This practice does not address manufacturing quality assurance, product acceptance testing, or conformance testing. These
are independent activities taken by organizations other than the GCL manufacturer.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting
D1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
D4632/D4632M Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of Geotextiles
D5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thickness of Geosynthetics
D5261 Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area of Geotextiles
D5887D5887/D5887M Test Method for Measurement of Index Flux Through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Specimens
Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter
D5890 Test Method for Swell Index of Clay Mineral Component of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
D5891/D5891M Test Method for Fluid Loss of Clay Component of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
D5993 Test Method for Measuring Mass Per Unit of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
D5994/D5994M Test Method for Measuring Core Thickness of Textured Geomembranes
D6243/D6243M Test Method for Determining the Internal and Interface Shear Strength of Geosynthetic Clay Liner by the Direct
Shear Method
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic Clay Liners.
Current edition approved July 1, 2016Feb. 1, 2018. Published August 2016March 2018. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20112016 as
D5889D5889/D5889M – 16.-11. DOI: 10.1520/D5889_D5889M-16.10.1520/D5889_D5889M-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5889/D5889M − 18
D6496/D6496M Test Method for Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top and Bottom Layers of
Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay Liners
D6693/D6693M Test Method for Determining Tensile Properties of Nonreinforced Polyethylene and Nonreinforced Flexible
Polypropylene Geom
...