ASTM F2029-16(2021)
(Practice)Standard Practices for Making Laboratory Heat Seals for Determination of Heat Sealability of Flexible Barrier Materials as Measured by Seal Strength
Standard Practices for Making Laboratory Heat Seals for Determination of Heat Sealability of Flexible Barrier Materials as Measured by Seal Strength
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These practices facilitate the determination of laboratory heat sealability of flexible barrier materials. While it is necessary to have a heat seal layer that provides adequate seal strength for the application, other material properties, such as the overall construction and thickness, will impact the sealing properties of the material. These practices allow the impact of changes in material properties on heat sealability to be measured.
4.2 Due to differences between a laboratory sealer and manufacturing equipment (for example, scale, size of sealing area, and processing speed), there may be a significant difference between the capability and output of a laboratory heat sealer and that of manufacturing equipment. Hence, care must be taken when applying a heat seal curve study as outlined in these practices to manufacturing equipment. The heat seal curve and the corresponding seal strength data are intended to provide a starting point for determination of sealing conditions for full scale manufacturing equipment.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover laboratory preparation of heat seals. These practices also cover the treatment and evaluation of heat seal strength data for the purpose of determining heat sealability of flexible barrier materials. It does not cover the required validation procedures for the production equipment.
1.2 Testing of seal strength or other properties of the heat seals formed by these practices is not included in this standard. Refer to Test Method F88 for testing heat seal strength. These practices do not apply to hot tack testing, which is covered in Test Methods F1921.
1.3 The practices of this standard are restricted to preparing heat seals using a sealer employing hot-bar or impulse sealing methods, or both.
1.4 These practices are intended to assist in establishing starting relationships for sealing flexible barrier materials. Additional guidance may be needed on how to set up sealing conditions for flexible barrier materials on commercial/production sealing equipment.
1.5 Seals may be made between webs of the same or dissimilar materials. The individual webs may be homogeneous in structure or multilayered (coextruded, coated, laminated, and so forth).
1.6 Strength of the heat seal as measured by Test Method F88 is the sole criterion for assessing heat sealability employed in these practices.
1.7 Other aspects of heat sealability, such as seal continuity, typically measured by air-leak, dye penetration, visual examination, microorganism penetration, or other techniques, are not covered by these practices.
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2029 − 16 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Practices for
Making Laboratory Heat Seals for Determination of Heat
Sealability of Flexible Barrier Materials as Measured by Seal
1
Strength
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2029; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 These practices cover laboratory preparation of heat
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
seals. These practices also cover the treatment and evaluation
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
of heat seal strength data for the purpose of determining heat
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sealability of flexible barrier materials. It does not cover the
1.10 This international standard was developed in accor-
required validation procedures for the production equipment.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.2 Testing of seal strength or other properties of the heat
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
seals formed by these practices is not included in this standard.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Refer to Test Method F88 for testing heat seal strength. These
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
practices do not apply to hot tack testing, which is covered in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Test Methods F1921.
2. Referenced Documents
1.3 The practices of this standard are restricted to preparing
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heat seals using a sealer employing hot-bar or impulse sealing
2.1 ASTM Standards:
methods, or both. D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
Packaging Components for Testing
1.4 These practices are intended to assist in establishing
F88 Test Method for Seal Strength of Flexible Barrier
starting relationships for sealing flexible barrier materials.
Materials
Additional guidance may be needed on how to set up sealing
F1921 Test Methods for Hot Seal Strength (Hot Tack) of
conditions for flexible barrier materials on commercial/
Thermoplastic Polymers and Blends Comprising the Seal-
production sealing equipment.
ing Surfaces of Flexible Webs
1.5 Seals may be made between webs of the same or
dissimilar materials. The individual webs may be homoge-
3. Terminology
neous in structure or multilayered (coextruded, coated,
3.1 Definitions:
laminated, and so forth).
3.1.1 dwell time, n—the time interval when the sealing jaws
1.6 Strength of the heat seal as measured by Test Method
areincontactwith,andexertingpressureon,thematerialbeing
F88 is the sole criterion for assessing heat sealability employed
sealed.
in these practices.
3.1.2 heat seal curve, n—a plot of measured seal strength as
1.7 Other aspects of heat sealability, such as seal continuity, a function of sealing temperature at a fixed dwell time and
typically measured by air-leak, dye penetration, visual
sealing pressure.
examination, microorganism penetration, or other techniques,
3.1.3 heat seal strength, n—force per unit width of seal
are not covered by these practices.
required to progressively separate a flexible material from a
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as rigid material or another flexible material, under the conditions
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are of the test. Also known as seal strength.
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
3.1.4 heat sealability, n—the ability of thermoplastic poly-
mers and blends, when comprising a sealing surface of a
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F02 on Primary
Barrier Packaging and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.20 on
2
Physical Properties. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 15, 2021. Published April 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F2029 – 16. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F2029-16R21. the ASTM website.
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