ASTM A407-93(2004)

Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Coiled-Type Springs

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers round, cold-drawn, steel spring wire having properties and quality intended for the manufacture of the following types of upholstery springs:
1.1.1 Type A—Coiled (Marshall pack),
1.1.2 Type B—Coiled and knotted,
1.1.3 Type C—Coiled and knotted (offset style),
1.1.4 Type D—Coiled and hooked (single and cross helicals),
1.1.5 Type E—Coiled and hooked (short tension-regular tensile strength),
1.1.6 Type F—Coiled and hooked (short tension-high tensile strength),
1.1.7 Type G—Regular lacing, and
1.1.8 Type H—Automatic lacing.
1.2 These types of upholstery springs are used in the manufacture of bed spring units, mattresses, furniture cushions, and automobile seats. This wire is not intended for the manufacture of mechanical springs.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 29-Feb-2004
• ICS: 77.140.25 - Spring steels
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.03 - Steel Rod and Wire

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A407-93(1998) - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Coiled-Type Springs
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2004
• Replaced By: ASTM A407-07 - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Coiled-Type Springs
• Effective Date: 01-May-2007

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 407 – 93 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Specification for
Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Coiled-Type Springs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 407; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Ordering Information
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversround,cold-drawn,steelspring 3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
wire having properties and quality intended for the manufac- include the following information for each ordered item:
ture of the following types of upholstery springs: 3.1.1 Quantity (weight),
1.1.1 Type A—Coiled (Marshall pack), 3.1.2 Name of material (name of specific type required)
1.1.2 Type B—Coiled and knotted, (Section 1 and Table 1),
1.1.3 Type C—Coiled and knotted (offset style), 3.1.3 Diameter (Table 2),
1.1.4 Type D—Coiled and hooked (single and cross heli- 3.1.4 Packaging, marking, and loading (Section 12),
cals), 3.1.5 ASTM designation and date of issue, and
1.1.5 Type E—Coiled and hooked (short tension—regular 3.1.6 Heat (cast) analysis (if desired).
tensile strength),
NOTE 1—A typical ordering description is as follows: 50 000 lb
1.1.6 Type F—Coiled and hooked (short tension—high
[15 000 kg], cold-drawn upholstery spring wire Type B for coiling and
tensile strength),
knotting, size 0.080 in. [2.0 mm], 1500-lb [700 kg] coils on tubular
1.1.7 Type G—Regular lacing, and
carriers to ASTM A 407 dated.
1.1.8 Type H—Automatic lacing.
4. Manufacture
1.2 These types of upholstery springs are used in the
4.1 The steel shall be made by any of the following
manufactureofbedspringunits,mattresses,furniturecushions,
and automobile seats. This wire is not intended for the processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace.
4.2 A sufficient discard shall be made to ensure freedom
manufacture of mechanical springs.
from injurious piping and undue segregation.
2. Referenced Documents
4.3 The wire shall be cold-drawn to produce the desired
2.1 ASTM Standards: mechanical properties.
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for MechanicalTesting
5. Chemical Composition
of Steel Products
5.1 Upholstery spring wire for coiled-type springs is cus-
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment tomarily produced within the chemical ranges shown below.
Chemical composition and processing may vary depending on
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications the gage of wire and specific use.
A
2.2 AIAG Standard: Carbon, % 0.45 to 0.70
A
Manganese, %, 0.60 to 1.20
AIAGB-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification TagApplica-
tion Standard
A
In any lot in which all the wire is of the same size and type, and submitted for
inspection at the same time, the carbon content shall not vary more than 0.20 %,
and the manganese content shall not vary more than 0.30 %.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
5.2 An analysis of each heat (cast) shall be made by the
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.03 on Steel Rod and Wire. producer to determine the percentage of elements specified
Current edition approved March 1, 2004. Published March 2004. Originally
above. The analysis shall be made from a test sample prefer-
approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as A 407 – 93 (1998).
ably taken during the pouring of the heat (cast). The chemical
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
composition thus determined shall be reported to the purchaser
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on or his representative upon request.
the ASTM website.
Available fromAutomotive IndustryAction Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd.,
Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48034.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 407 – 93 (2004)
A
TABLE 1 Tensile Strength Requirements
6.1.1 Requirements—The material as represented by tension
test specimens shall conform to the requirements prescribed in
Diameter, in. [mm] Wire Gage Tensile Strength, ksi [MPa]
Table 1 for the various sizes and specified types.
min max
6.1.2 NumberofTests—Onetestspecimenshallbetakenfor
Type A, Marshall Pack
each ten coils, or fraction thereof, in a lot. Each heat in a given
0.048 [1.2] 18 255 [1800] 295 [2060]
lot shall be tested.
0.054 [1.4] 17 250 [1760] 290 [2010]
6.1.3 LocationofTests—Test specimens shall be taken from
0.062 [1.6] 16 250 [1710] 290 [1950]
0.072 [1.8] 15 240 [1680] 280 [1920]
either end of the coil.
0.080 [2.0] 14 230 [1650] 270 [1890]
6.1.4 Test Method—The tension test shall be made in
0.092 [2.4] 13 225 [1610] 265 [1830]
0.106 [2.8] 12 220 [1560] 260 [1780] accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
6.2 Wrap Test:
Type B, Coiled and Knotted
6.2.1 Requirements—The wire, except that for Type A
0.062 [1.6] 16 235 [1550] 270 [1790]
0.072 [1.8] 15 230 [1530] 265 [1770] (Marshall pack), shall wrap on itself as an arbor without
0.080 [2.0] 14 225 [1500] 260 [1740]
breakage.
0.092 [2.4] 13 215 [1460] 250 [1680]
6.2.2 NumberofTests—Onetestspecimenshallbetakenfor
0.106 [2.6] 12 205 [1420] 235 [1640]
0.120 [3.0] 11 195 [1380] 225 [1600] each ten coils, or fraction thereof, in a lot. Each heat in a given
0.135 [3.5] 10 190 [1350] 220 [1560]
lot shall be tested.
0.148 [3.8] 9 185 [1300] 215 [1530]
6.2.3 LocationofTests—Test specimens shall be taken from
0.162 [4.2] 8 180 [1300] 210 [1500]
either end of the coil.
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