ASTM F948-94

Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Piping Systems and Components Under Constant Internal Pressure With Flow

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time-to-failure of plastic piping products under constant internal pressure and flow.  
1.2 This test method provides a method of characterizing plastics in the form of pipe, components, and systems under any reasonable combination of internal and external temperatures and environments, under the procedures described.  
1.3 This test method can be used to characterize the tested plastic materials or products, or both, on the basis of pressure-, or stress-rupture data developed under the conditions prescribed.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2000
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.40 - Test Methods

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM F948-94(2001) - Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Piping Systems and Components Under Constant Internal Pressure With Flow
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or
withdrawn. Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: F 948 – 94 An American National Standard
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Time-to-Failure of Plastic Piping Systems and Components
1
Under Constant Internal Pressure With Flow
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 948 ; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 PPI Documents:
TR-2 Policies and Procedures for the Listing of Thermo-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time-
plastic Pipe, Fittings, and Fixture Materials When Evalu-
to-failure of plastic piping products under constant internal
5
ated Under Constant Internal Pressure With Flow
pressure and flow.
TR-3 Policies and Procedures for Developing Recom-
1.2 This test method provides a method of characterizing
mended Hydrostatic Design Stresses for Thermoplastic
plastics in the form of pipe, components, and systems under
5
Pipe Materials
any reasonable combination of internal and external tempera-
tures and environments, under the procedures described.
3. Terminology
1.3 This test method can be used to characterize the tested
3.1 Definitions:
plastic materials or products, or both, on the basis of pressure-,
3.1.1 failure—bursting, cracking, splitting, or weeping
or stress-rupture data developed under the conditions pre-
(seepage of test fluid through the wall of the product) during
scribed.
the test, which results in the inability of the specimen to
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
maintain pressure or contain the internal test fluid, shall
as the standard.
constitute failure of the test specimen. Failure may sometimes
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
occur by ballooning, an excessive extension leading to struc-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tural failure. When failure occurs by ballooning the degree of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
distension should be recorded. Assemblies may also fail to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
joint leakage or separation.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—Overall distension, which results from creep caused by
2. Referenced Documents
long-term stress, is not considered to be a ballooning failure.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.2 hoop stress—the tensile stress in the wall of the piping
D 543 Test Method for Resistance of Plastics to Chemical
product in the circumferential direction due to internal pres-
2
Reagents
sure. Units will be reported as pounds per square inch (psi) or
D 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
mega pascals (MPa). Hoop stress will be calculated by the
3
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
following ISO equation:
D 2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design
S 5 P ~D 2 t!/2t
3
Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials
D 2992 Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure De-
where:
sign Basis for “Fiberglass’’ (Glass–Fiber–Reinforced
S = hoop stress, psi (MPa),
3
Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and Fittings
D = average outside diameter, in. (mm),
D 3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiber-
P = internal pressure, psig (MPag), and
glass’’ (Glass–Fiber–Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin)
t = mimimum wall thickness in. (mm).
3
Pipe and Fittings
NOTE 2—Hoop stress should only be determined on straight hollow
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
cylindrical specimens. Products of more complex shape may be evaluated
4
ASTM Test Methods
by Option 2 of Appendix X1 based on pressure.
3.1.3 make-up fluid—an exchange of internal fluid with
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-17 on Plastic fresh fluid at a minimum rate of 10 % of the total system
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.40 on Test
volume per week.
Methods.
3.1.4 maximum internal surface temperature—that
Current edition approved April 15, 1994. Published June 1994. Originally
published as F 948 – 85. Last previous edition F 948 – 85.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
3 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04. Available from Plastics Pipe Institute, Division of The Society of the Plastics
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. Industry, 250 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10017.
1

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F 948
temperature attained when increased fluid velocity results in no 6.1.1 Controlling the Internal Environment of Test
further increase in the outside
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