ASTM D1881-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of Engine Coolants in Glassware
Standard Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of Engine Coolants in Glassware
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The test method generally will distinguish coolants that have a tendency to foam excessively from those that are suitable for further evaluation to determine performance in actual service.
Note 1: In use, the foaming tendency of a coolant solution may be increased by service aging or contamination. A properly functioning pressure cap will tend to suppress foaming in coolant solutions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a simple glassware test for evaluating the tendency of engine coolants to foam under laboratory-controlled-conditions of aeration and temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are approximate equivalents provided for information purposes only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7, Materials and Reagents.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1881 − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Foaming Tendencies of Engine Coolants in Glassware
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1881; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* E230/E230MSpecification for Temperature-Electromotive
Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
1.1 This test method covers a simple glassware test for
evaluating the tendency of engine coolants to foam under
3. Terminology
laboratory-controlled-conditions of aeration and temperature.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.1 break time, n—the time required for the foam to
standard. The values given in parentheses are approximate
collapse (after the air supply has been shut off) to the first
equivalents provided for information purposes only.
appearance of an “eye” on the surface of the test solution.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2 eye, n—the appearance of foam free area on the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
surface of the test coolant surrounded by a ring of foam
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
clinging to the cylinder walls.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
For specific warning statements, see Section 7, Materials and
4. Summary of Test Method
Reagents.
4.1 Asolution of coolant andASTMType II water is blown
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
with air at a constant rate for 5 min, while maintained at a
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
constant temperature of 88 6 1°C (190 6 2°F) by means of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
a suitable temperature bath.The volume of foam, and the time
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
for such foam to break, are measured.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 The test method generally will distinguish coolants that
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
have a tendency to foam excessively from those that are
D1176Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solu-
suitable for further evaluation to determine performance in
tionsofEngineCoolantsorAntirustsforTestingPurposes
actual service.
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
NOTE 1—In use, the foaming tendency of a coolant solution may be
D3585Specification forASTM Reference Fluid for Coolant
increased by service aging or contamination. A properly functioning
Tests
pressure cap will tend to suppress foaming in coolant solutions.
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E128Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Perme-
6. Apparatus
ability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
6.1 Container—A 500-mL graduated container of heat-
resistant glass, having a diameter of 45 to 50 mm and a length
of 380 mm.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on Engine
6.2 TemperatureBath—Aheatresistantglasscontainerlarge
Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D15.06 on Glassware Performance Tests. enoughtopermitimmersionofthegraduatedcontaineratleast
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published December 2017. Originally
to the 350 mLgraduation mark.A4000-mLbeaker is satisfac-
approved in 1961 as D1881–61T. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as
tory.
D1881–97(2009). DOI: 10.1520/D1881-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.3 Heat Source—Any heating system capable of maintain-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ing a uniform bath temperature 61°C (62°F). A750-watt
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. electric hot-plate is satisfactory.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1881 − 17
6.4 Aerator Tube—A 25.4-mm (1-in.) diameter spherical 7. Materials and Reagents
3
gas-diffuser stone made of fused crystalline alumina grai
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1881 − 97 (Reapproved 2009) D1881 − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Foaming Tendencies of Engine Coolants in Glassware
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1881; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a simple glassware test for evaluating the tendency of engine coolants to foam under
laboratory-controlled-conditions of aeration and temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are approximate equivalents
provided for information purposes only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7, Materials and .Reagents.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are approximate equivalents
provided for information purposes only.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D3585 Specification for ASTM Reference Fluid for Coolant Tests
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Permeability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.06 on
Glassware Performance Tests.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009Nov. 1, 2017. Published December 2009December 2017. Originally approved in 1961 as D1881 – 61 T. Last previous edition
ε1
approved in 2009 as D1881 – 97(02)(2009). . DOI: 10.1520/D1881-97R09.10.1520/D1881-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1881 − 17
E230/E230M Specification for Temperature-Electromotive Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 break time, n—the time required for the foam to collapse (after the air supply has been shut off) to the first appearance
of an “eye” on the surface of the test solution.
3.1.2 eye, n—the appearance of foam free area on the surface of the test coolant surrounded by a ring of foam clinging to the
cylinder walls.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A solution of coolant and ASTM Type II water is blown with air at a constant rate for 5 min, while maintained at a constant
temperature of 88 6 1°C1 °C (190 6 2°F)2 °F) by means of a suitable temperature bath. The volume of foam, and the time for
such foam to break, are measured.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The test method generally will distinguish coolants that have a tendency to foam excessively from those that are suitable
for further evaluation to determine performance in actual service.
NOTE 1—In use, the foaming tendency of a coolant solution may be increased by service aging or contamination. A properly functioning pressure cap
will tend to suppress foaming in coolant solutions.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Container—A 500-mL graduated container of heat-resistant glass, having a diameter of 45 to 50 mm and a length of 380
mm.
6.2 Temperature Bath—A heat resistant glass
...
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