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ASTM D4966-98(2004)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)

Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics using the Martindale abrasion tester. Fabrics of all types may be tested by this method but difficulties may arise with fabrics with a pile depth greater than 0.08 in. (2 mm).
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard; the values in SI units are provided as information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
For other current test methods of testing the abrasion resistance of textiles refer to Test Methods D 3884, D 3885, D 3886, D 4157, D 4158, and AATCC Test Method 93.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Nov-2004
ICS
59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.60 - Fabric Physical Test Methods B
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4966-98 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D4966-98(2007)e1 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM F2407/F2407M-23a - Standard Specification for Surgical Gowns Intended for Use in Healthcare Facilities
Effective Date
01-Dec-2004
Referred By
ASTM D4850-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test Methods
Effective Date
01-Dec-2004
Referred By
ASTM D3885-07A(2019)e1 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Flexing and Abrasion Method)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2004
Referred By
ASTM D3884-22 - Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Rotary Platform Abrader Method)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2004
Referred By
ASTM D4158-08(2020) - Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Uniform Abrasion)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2004
Referred By
ASTM F3352/F3352M-23b - Standard Specification for Isolation Gowns Intended for Use in Healthcare Facilities
Effective Date
01-Dec-2004
Referred By
ASTM F1296-08(2023) - Standard Guide for Evaluating Chemical Protective Clothing
Effective Date
01-Dec-2004

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ASTM D4966-98(2004) - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)ASTM D4966-98(2004) - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)
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ASTM D4966-98(2004) - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 4966 – 98 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion
1
Tester Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4966; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 AATCC Methods and Procedures:
3
Evaluation Procedure 1 Gray Scale for Color Change
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abra-
TestMethod 93 AbrasionResistanceofFabrics:Accelerator
sion resistance of textile fabrics using the Martindale abrasion
3
Method
tester. Fabrics of all types may be tested by this method but
difficulties may arise with fabrics with a pile depth greater than
3. Terminology
0.08 in. (2 mm).
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of other textile terms used
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
in this test method, refer to Terminology D 123.
as standard; the values in SI units are provided as information
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
only.
3.2.1 abrasion, n—the wearing away of any part of a
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
material by rubbing against another surface.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.2 abrasion cycle, n—total number of movements re-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
quired to complete a geometric shape in a Martindale abrasion
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tester.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.3 cycle, n—16 movements required for the completion
NOTE 1—For other current test methods of testing the abrasion resis-
of one Lissajous figure on a Martindale tester.
tance of textiles refer to Test Methods D 3884, D 3885, D 3886, D 4157,
3.2.4 lissajous figure, n—a geometric figure that starts as a
D 4158, and AATCC Test Method 93.
straight line, then becomes a widening ellipse and narrows to
again become a straight line. There are 16 movements in one
2. Referenced Documents
2 Lissajous figure.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.5 movement, n—one rotation of the two outer gearing of
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
the Martindale tester.
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing
3.2.6 standard atmosphere for preconditioning textiles,
D 3884 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
n—anatmospherehavingarelativehumidityof10to25 %and
Fabrics (Rotary Platform, Double-Head Method)
a temperature not over 122°F (50°C).
D 3885 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
3.2.7 standard atmosphere for testing, in textiles, n—an
Fabrics (Flexing and Abrasion Method)
atmosphere for testing in which the air is maintained at a
D 3886 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
relative humidity of 65 6 2 % and at a temperature of 70 6
Fabrics (Inflated Diaphragm Method)
2°F (21 6 1°C).
D 4157 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)
4. Summary of Test Method
D 4158 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
4.1 Abrasion resistance is measured by subjecting the speci-
Fabrics (Uniform Abrasion Method)
men to rubbing motion in the form of a geometric figure, that
is, a straight line, which becomes a gradually widening ellipse,
1
until it forms another straight line in the opposite direction and
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 onTextiles
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric Test Methods,
traces the same figure again under known conditions of
Specific.
pressure and abrasive action. Resistance to abrasion is evalu-
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2004. Published January 2005. Originally
ated by various means which are described in Section 11.
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 4966 – 98.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists,
the ASTM website. P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 4966 – 98 (2004)
surfaces, it is assumed that the abradant will not change
appreciably in a specific series of tests, but obviously similar
abradantsusedindifferentlaboratorieswillnotlikelychangeat
the same rate due to differences in usage. Permanent abradants
also may chang
...

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5.1 The measurement of the resistance to abrasion of textile and other materials is very complex. The resistance to abrasion is affected by many factors, such as the inherent mechanical properties of the fibers; the dimensions of the fibers; the structure of the yarns; the construction of the fabrics; and the type, kind, and amount of finishing material added to the fibers, yarns, or fabric.  
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ASTM D4966-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)

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5.1 Acceptance Testing—this test method is not considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of fabric. The between-laboratory precision of this test method is poor and, because of the nature of abrasion testing itself, technicians frequently fail to obtain results in agreement on the same type of testing instrument, both within and between laboratories. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely, especially outside the United States.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics using the Martindale abrasion tester. The method is generally applicable to knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics; however, material thickness may limit suitability for testing due to specimen holder capacity.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Acceptance Testing—This method of testing fabrics resistance to pilling is not recommended for acceptance testing. If it is used for acceptance testing, it should be used with caution because interlaboratory data are not available. In some cases the purchaser or supplier may have to test a commercial shipment of one or more specific materials by the best available method even though the method has not been recommended for acceptance testing. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely outside the United States.  
5.2 If there is a disagreement arising from differences in values reported by the purchaser and the supplier when using this test method, the statistical bias, if any, between the laboratory of the purchaser and the laboratory of the supplier should be determined with comparison being based on testing specimens randomly drawn from one sample of material of the type being evaluated. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. A minimum of two parties should take a group of test specimens, which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens then should be assigned randomly in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average test results from the two laboratories should be compared using an acceptable statistical protocol and probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is started. Appropriate statistical disciplines for comparing data must be used when the purchaser and supplier cannot agree. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future results with consideration for the known bias.  
5.3 The pilling of textile fabrics is a very complex property because it is affected by many factors that include type of fiber or blends, fiber dimensions, yarn and fabric construction, and fabric f...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance to the formation of pills and other related surface changes on textile fabrics using the Martindale tester.
Note 1: For other methods, if testing the pilling resistance of textiles, refer to Test Methods D3511/D3511M, D3512/D3512M, and D3514.  
1.2 This test method is generally applicable to knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics; however, material thickness may limit suitability for testing due to specimen holder capacity.  
1.3 The fabric may be laundered or dry cleaned before testing as agreed upon among interested parties.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off