ASTM F1994-99(2011)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Shipboard Fixed Foam Firefighting Systems
Standard Test Method for Shipboard Fixed Foam Firefighting Systems
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is applicable to fixed foam firefighting systems, including foam generation equipment, foam distribution system piping and valves, sprinkler arrangement and operation, hose reel unit operation, and system controls, as those components are included in the system for a particular application.
Foam systems for machinery spaces are tested using those portions of this test method which apply to the installed components. Suitable adaptation of this test method is made for use with systems which do not include all hardware components described herein.
Deck foam systems are tested per the manufacturer's design criteria.
This test method demonstrates: satisfactory installation of an entire fixed foam/sprinkling system and its associated controls; and effective operation of portions of the foam distribution system and foam maker sprinkling nozzles for selected zones.
This test method verifies application rates and areas of coverage for each type of discharge device of the fixed foam firefighting system.
The satisfactory operation of the system in the selected zones is a measure of overall system capacity and anticipated operation for emergency use. The test, however, may not be representative of all emergency operating conditions that may vary with changes in the number of zones that are activated simultaneously, the material condition of the distribution and sprinkling components as they are maintained over time, and restoration of the system following its use for testing or actual emergencies.
Test procedures shall be prepared for the conduct of tests of foam firefighting systems in specific vessels. Those procedures shall be tailored to the system design for the system as installed and operated in each vessel.
Tests accomplished in accordance with approved test procedures may be sufficient to demonstrate that the vessel meets the regulatory and classification requirements for the vessel.
Approval of test procedures by a classification socie...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers shipboard, fixed (installed) foam/sprinkling firefighting systems.
1.2 Satisfactory completion of these tests indicates functional performance of the fixed foam firefighting system and may be used to demonstrate the system installation's compliance with the design characteristics of the system.
1.3 Tests made in conformity with this test method are intended to demonstrate the installation and operation of an installed, fixed foam firefighting system. As it includes regulatory requirements, this standard addresses those vessels subject to regulations and ship classification rules. However, the methods stated herein are suitable for unregulated commercial vessels, pleasure craft, military vessels, and similar vessels that are not required to meet regulations for firefighting systems.
1.4 Limitations:
1.4.1 International requirements, national regulations, and ship classification rules must be consulted. The following regulatory requirements and classification society rules were considered in the preparation of this test method:
1.4.1.1 International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974 SOLAS Convention, 1978 SOLAS Protocol, and the 1981 and 1983 SOLAS Amendments, II-2/8, “Fixed low-expansion foam extinguishing systems in machinery spaces,”
1.4.1.2 U.S. Government regulations included in 46 CFR 76, 46 CFR 95, and 46 CFR 108 as those regulations are written and enforced by the United States Cost Guard, and
1.4.1.3 The American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels. However, the owner will designate the specific classification society which is to be used to classify a particular vessel.
1.4.2 The requirements, regulations, and rules for a specific design must be selected by the owner based on the planned operating profile for the vessel.
1.4.3 This test method reflects international requirements, U.S. Government regulations, and ...
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Designation:F1994 −99 (Reapproved 2011) An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Shipboard Fixed Foam Firefighting Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1994; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.4.3 This test method reflects international requirements,
U.S. Government regulations, and ABS rules in effect at the
1.1 This test method covers shipboard, fixed (installed)
time it was prepared, and may not include requirements
foam/sprinkling firefighting systems.
adopted subsequent to the effective date of this test method.
1.2 Satisfactory completion of these tests indicates func-
1.4.4 Thistestmethoddoesnotincluderequirementsforthe
tional performance of the fixed foam firefighting system and
selection, design, installation, and maintenance of foam fire-
may be used to demonstrate the system installation’s compli-
fighting systems. It applies to installed systems whose designs
ance with the design characteristics of the system.
meet all applicable international requirements, national
1.3 Tests made in conformity with this test method are regulations, and ship classification rules.
intended to demonstrate the installation and operation of an
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
installed, fixed foam firefighting system. As it includes regu-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
latory requirements, this standard addresses those vessels
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
subject to regulations and ship classification rules. However,
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
the methods stated herein are suitable for unregulated commer-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
cial vessels, pleasure craft, military vessels, and similar vessels
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
that are not required to meet regulations for firefighting
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
systems.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.4 Limitations:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.4.1 International requirements, national regulations, and
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ship classification rules must be consulted. The following
regulatory requirements and classification society rules were
2. Referenced Documents
considered in the preparation of this test method:
2.1 The following documents apply to this test method only
1.4.1.1 International Convention for the Safety of Life at
Sea (SOLAS), 1974 SOLAS Convention, 1978 SOLAS to the extent referenced herein. However, they may be further
invoked by the ship owner as part of the design requirements
Protocol, and the 1981 and 1983 SOLASAmendments, II-2/8,
“Fixed low-expansion foam extinguishing systems in machin- for the vessel.
ery spaces,”
2.2 ASTM Standards:
1.4.1.2 U.S. Government regulations included in 46 CFR
A795/A795M Specification for Black and Hot-Dipped Zinc-
76, 46 CFR 95, and 46 CFR 108 as those regulations are
Coated (Galvanized) Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe for
written and enforced by the United States Cost Guard, and
Fire Protection Use
1.4.1.3 The American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) Rules for
F998 Specification for Centrifugal Pump, Shipboard Use
Building and Classing Steel Vessels. However, the owner will
F1030 Practice for Selection of Valve Operators
designate the specific classification society which is to be used
F1155 Practice for Selection and Application of Piping
to classify a particular vessel.
System Materials
1.4.2 The requirements, regulations, and rules for a specific
F1198 Guide for Shipboard Fire Detection Systems
design must be selected by the owner based on the planned
F1333 Specification for Construction of Fire and Foam
operating profile for the vessel.
Station Cabinets
F1370 Specification for Pressure-Reducing Valves for Water
Systems, Shipboard
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.07 on
General Requirements. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2011. Published May 2011. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F1994 – 99 (2005). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/F1994-99R11. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1994−99 (2011)
F1508 Specification for Angle Style, Pressure Relief Valves 4. Significance and Use
for Steam, Gas, and Liquid Services
4.1 This test method is applicable to fixed foam firefighting
F1510 Specification for Rotary Positive Displacement
systems, including foam generation equipment, foam distribu-
Pumps, Ships Use
tion system piping and valves, sprinkler arrangement and
F1547 Guide Listing Relevant Standards and Publications
operation, hose reel unit operation, and system controls, as
for Commercial Shipbuilding
those components are included in the system for a particular
2.3 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR):
application.
Title 46, Part 76, Fire Protection Equipment, Subpart 76.17,
4.1.1 Foam systems for machinery spaces are tested using
Foam Extinguishing Systems, Details
those portions of this test method which apply to the installed
Title 46, Part 76, Subpart 76.23, Manual Sprinkling System,
components.Suitableadaptationofthistestmethodismadefor
Details
use with systems which do not include all hardware compo-
Title 46, Part 95, Fire Protection Equipment, Subpart 95.17,
nents described herein.
Foam Extinguishing Systems, Details
4.1.2 Deck foam systems are tested per the manufacturer’s
Title 46, Part 108, Design and Equipment, Subpart D, Fire
design criteria.
Extinguishing Systems, §108.459–§108.477
4.2 This test method demonstrates: satisfactory installation
2.4 ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels:
of an entire fixed foam/sprinkling system and its associated
Part 4, Section 6 Pumps and Piping Systems
controls; and effective operation of portions of the foam
Part 4, Section 9 Fire Extinguishing Systems
distribution system and foam maker sprinkling nozzles for
Part 4, Section 11 ShipboardAutomatic and Remote-control
selected zones.
Systems
4.2.1 This test method verifies application rates and areas of
5/4B.11 Fire Protection and Fire Extinction
coverage for each type of discharge device of the fixed foam
2.5 IACS Documents:
firefighting system.
Comparable rules also are published by other members of
4.2.2 Thesatisfactoryoperationofthesystemintheselected
the International Association of Classification Societies
zones is a measure of overall system capacity and anticipated
2.6 IMO SOLAS Regulations:
operation for emergency use. The test, however, may not be
SOLAS II-2 Construction – Fire Protection, Fire Detection
representative of all emergency operating conditions that may
and Fire Extinction
vary with changes in the number of zones that are activated
2.7 ANSI Standard:
simultaneously, the material condition of the distribution and
B16.34 Small Butt Welding End Valves
sprinkling components as they are maintained over time, and
2.8 NFPA Publications:
restoration of the system following its use for testing or actual
NFPA 11 Standard for Low Expansion Foam
emergencies.
2.9 SNAME Bulletins:
4.3 Test procedures shall be prepared for the conduct of
Technical & Research Bulletin 3-39 Guide for Shop and
tests of foam firefighting systems in specific vessels. Those
Installation Tests
proceduresshallbetailoredtothesystemdesignforthesystem
Technical & Research Bulletin 3-47 Guide for Sea Trials
as installed and operated in each vessel.
4.3.1 Tests accomplished in accordance with approved test
3. Terminology
procedures may be sufficient to demonstrate that the vessel
3.1 Refer to Annex A1 for terminology used in this test
meets the regulatory and classification requirements for the
method related to fixed foam firefighting system installations
vessel.
and their testing. Actual terminology used for fixed foam
4.3.2 Approval of test procedures by a classification society
firefighting systems may vary depending upon the desires of
may be necessary.
the owner or system designer, or both.
4.3.3 Test procedures must state operating parameters and
values (for example, flow rate, pressure, time to activate)
which define pass/fail criteria for each test.
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of
Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http://
4.4 Certification of the vessel or classification of the vessel
www.access.gpo.gov.
or both by the regulatory bodies may require that tests be
Available from American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), ABS Plaza, 16855
witnessed by a marine inspector or surveyor or both who
Northchase Dr., Houston, TX 77060, http://www.eagle.org.
OtherIACSmembersandlocationsatwhichtheirpublicationsareavailableare represents both regulatory bodies.
identifiedbyGuideF1547atSection4.PublicationlistsofsomeIACSmemberscan
4.5 Interpretation of Results:
be found in Guide F1547, Section 5.
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) is available
4.5.1 Leakage at any piping system mechanical joint that is
from International Maritime Organization (IMO), 4, Albert Embankment, London
corrected “on-the-spot” is not cause for test rejection.
SE1 7SR, United Kingdom, http://www.imo.org.
4.5.2 Any erratic operation detected in the zone control
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
valves, seawater sprinkling pump discharge bypass-overboard
Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
valves, or control devices is cause for rejection of the test. The
Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org.
component causing the erratic operation shall be repaired or
AvailablefromSocietyofNavalArchitectsandMarineEngineers,601Pavonia
Ave., Jersey City, NJ 07306. replaced and a retest performed.
F1994−99 (2011)
4.5.3 Any operation which does not meet the pass/fail outside coastal waters, or the seawater/foam solution is dis-
criteriadefinedbythetestprocedure(s)iscauseforrejectionof charged to a containment vessel for disposal in conformance
thetest.Thecauseofthefailureshallbedetermined,thedesign
with local regulations.
or installation, or both, corrected as appropriate, and a retest
5.2.3 Sprinkling or other discharge into interior spaces can
performed.
lead to water or seawater/foam solution accumulation. Vessel
stability can be dangerously affected if dewatering systems are
5. Hazards
not fully functional and operating. Operators must closely
5.1 Safety Hazards—The following safety precautions must
monitor the amount of water accumulated on deck during any
be taken when conducting tests in accordance with test
phase of demonstrations or testing. Demonstrations or testing
proceduresthatconformwiththistestmethod.However,thisis
should be suspended if such accumulation cannot be controlled
not an inclusive listing of all hazards which may occur when
and sufficient stability maintained.
this test method is followed, see 1.5.Appropriate safety hazard
5.2.4 All equipment or surfaces that could be damaged by
statements must be included in test procedures that conform
water during testing, in way of hose reel discharge areas or in
with this test method.
zones where fresh water or seawater/foam solutions will be
5.1.1 Live control circuits are exercised during tests per-
discharged from foam maker sprinkling nozzles, or both,
formed in accordance with this test method. This can result in
should be covered with plastic or otherwise protected from the
the inadvertent discharge of seawater or seawater/foam solu-
discharge.
tion.
5.2.5 Any piping flanges that formerly were blanked to
5.1.1.1 Remote operation of valves which allow discharge
conduct hydrostatic testing of the foam distribution system
of fluids directly into interior spaces of the vessel is required.
should be inspected for tightness during the operational tests.
5.1.1.2 Tag out electrical circuits or tag closed valves as
appropriate for each test. 5.2.6 Precaution shall be taken to ensure proper valve
5.1.2 The fixed foam firefighting system includes relief alignment to prevent flooding the vessel during any test
valves and pressure-regulating valves which limit the internal
requiringoperationoftheseawatersprinklingsystem,seawater
pressures to which piping and valves of the system are
sprinkling pumps, foam proportioning pumps, and foam con-
subjected. Failure of these devices to control or limit system
centrate transfer pumps.
pressure may result in component failures.
5.2.7 Any tests requiring seawater or seawater/foam solu-
5.1.3 The following safety and control devices are required
tion to be pumped through foam distribution system piping
to conduct the tests:
shall be conducted only after precautions have been taken to
5.1.3.1 Pumps’ relief valves;
insure the watertight integrity at the maximum system operat-
5.1.3.2 Seawater sprinkling pump discharge bypass-
ing pressure of all affected piping and valves.
overboard relief valves which must be set in accordance with
5.2.8 Appropriatezonecontrolvalvesshallbetaggedclosed
the maximum system operating pressure; and
during in-port testing to preclude accidental discharge of foam
5.1.3.3 Zone sprinkling control, remotely operated valves,
concentrate entering the distributive system or being dis-
as applicable.
charged overboard.
5.1.4 All precautions to ensure safety of life and equipment
protection in compliance with the industrial facility’s and 5.2.9 Isolate system areas or zones that are not used in a
vessel’s established safety precautions shall be followed at all
specific test.
times in the conduct of foam firefighting system tests.
5.3 Remedial Statements—System restoration following
5.1.5 Portions of the fixed foam firefighting system should
demonstrations should include the following actions.
not be disabled or isolated for tests until just before the a
5.3.1 Restore all electrical power to the pumps and controls.
specific test event is scheduled to commence. This will leave
Ensure that all electrical and co
...
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