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ASTM D1824-95(2002)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at Low Shear Rates

Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at Low Shear Rates

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The suitability of a dispersion resin for any given application process is dependent upon its viscosity characteristics.
The viscosity defines the flow behavior of a plastisol or organosol under low shear. This viscosity relates to the conditions encountered in pouring, casting, molding, and dipping processes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of plastisol and organosol viscosity at low shear rates.
1.2 Apparent viscosity at high shear rates is covered in Test Method D 1823.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1—This test method resembles ISO 3219-1977 in title only. The content is significantly different.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Mar-1995
ICS
83.080.01 - Plastics in general
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.15 - Thermoplastic Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D1824-95 - Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at Low Shear Rates
Effective Date
15-Mar-1995
Replaced By
ASTM D1824-95(2010) - Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at Low Shear Rates
Effective Date
15-Dec-2010
Referred By
ASTM D1755-21 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins
Effective Date
15-Mar-1995
Referred By
ASTM F3337-19 - Standard Guide for Taking Property and Behavior Measurements on Weathered Fractions of Oil
Effective Date
15-Mar-1995
Referred By
ASTM D3794-22 - Standard Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
Effective Date
15-Mar-1995
Referred By
ASTM F942-18(2023)e1 - Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Interlayer Materials for Aerospace Transparent Enclosures
Effective Date
15-Mar-1995
Referred By
ASTM D3468/D3468M-99(2020) - Standard Specification for Liquid-Applied Neoprene and Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene Used in Roofing and Waterproofing
Effective Date
15-Mar-1995
Referred By
ASTM D1823-16 - Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at High Shear Rates by Extrusion Viscometer
Effective Date
15-Mar-1995

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ASTM D1824-95(2002) - Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at Low Shear RatesASTM D1824-95(2002) - Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at Low Shear Rates
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ASTM D1824-95(2002) - Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at Low Shear Rates
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1824–95 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at Low
Shear Rates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1824; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of plastisol 3.1 Thesampleisconditionedtothepropertemperatureand
and organosol viscosity at low shear rates. its viscosity is determined.
1.2 Apparent viscosity at high shear rates is covered inTest
4. Significance and Use
Method D1823.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 4.1 The suitability of a dispersion resin for any given
application process is dependent upon its viscosity character-
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only. istics.
4.2 The viscosity defines the flow behavior of a plastisol or
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the organosol under low shear. This viscosity relates to the
conditions encountered in pouring, casting, molding, and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- dipping processes.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Apparatus
NOTE 1—This test method resembles ISO 3219-1977 in title only. The
5.1 Viscometer.
content is significantly different.
5.2 Sample Containers, Tin Cans, or Glass Jars, 1-pt
2. Referenced Documents (500-mL) capacity. Minimum dimensions of containers should
2 be80-mm(3.15-in.)insidediameterby80mm(3.15in.)deep.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.3 Thermometer, ASTM Solvents Distillation Thermom-
D1755 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins
eter having a range from−2 to+52°C (28 to 126°F) and
D1823 TestMethodforApparentViscosityofPlastisolsand
conforming to the requirements for Thermometer 37C as
Organosols at High Shear Rates by Extrusion Viscometer
prescribed in Specification E1.
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
5.4 Timer.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
6. Conditioning
2.2 ISO Standard:
6.1 Maintaintheplastisolororganosolsamplesat23 61°C
ISO 3219-1977: Polymers in the Liquid, Emulsified, or
(73 6 2°F) and 50 6 5% relative humidity at all times after
Dispersed State—Determination of Viscosity With a Ro-
mixing and throughout the period of viscosity determinations.
tational Viscometer Working at a Defined Shear Rate
7. Procedure
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics 7.1 Select a spindle that will read in the middle or upper
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD20.15onThermoplasticMaterials
portion of the viscometer dial at the highest rotational speed to
(Section D20.15.08).
be used. Insert the spindle into the sample at approximately a
Current edition approved March 15, 1995. Published May 1995. Originally
45°angle.Withdrawthespindleandattachittotheviscometer.
published as D1824–61T. Last previous edition D1824–90.
This edition contains changes in Sections 1, 2, and 11 to include an ISO
Takingcarenottoentrapanairbubble,lowertheviscometerto
equivalency statement, to reference a high shear rate test method, and to include
immerse the spindle near the edge of the sample. Move the
Keywords. DOI: 10.1520/D1824-95R02.
2 sample so as to center the spindle. Adjust its depth to the
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM immersion mark.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 4
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., Brookfield model RVF or LVF, or equivalent has been found satisfactory for
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. this purpose. Brookfield Engnrg. Labs, Inc., Stoughton, MA 02072.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D1824–95 (2002)
TABLE 2 Precision of Viscosity Data at 20 RPM
7.2 Start the viscometer at its lowest speed.Allow it to run
2 min. Record the scale reading during the next rotation. Average Values expressed as
Viscosity % of the Average
Without stopping the viscometer, switch to the next higher
A B C D
Resin (Poises) n n r R
speed. Record the scale readings after 2 min at each speed in r R
V 24.72 8.5 12.1 23.8 34.0
order from the lowest to the highest speeds.
IV 38.36 3.9 12.8 10.9 35.8
7.3 Record the sample temperature at the conclusion of
II 82.24 6.3 26.8 17.6 74.9
I 92.52 6.9 14.5 19.3 40.6
viscosity readings.
III 102.40 11.8 22.6 33.0 63.2
VI 226.05 11.6 27.1 32.5 75.9
8. Calculation
A
n is the within-laboratory coefficient of variation of the average.
r
8.1 Calculate the viscosity using the factors
...

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1.2 This test method provides three testing procedures. Procedure A involves top surface ignition, Procedure B involves propagating ignition, and Procedure C is a short procedure involving the comparison with a specified minimum value of the oxygen index.  
1.3 Test specimens used for this test method are prepared into one of six types of specimens (see Table 1).    
1.4 This test method provides for testing materials that are structurally self-supporting in the form of vertical bars or sheet up to 10.5-mm thick. Such materials are solid, laminated or cellular materials characterized by an apparent density greater than 15 kg/m3.  
1.5 This test method also provides for testing flexible sheet or film materials, while supported vertically.  
1.6 This test method is also suitable, in some cases, for cellular materials having an apparent density of less than 15 kg/m3.
Note 1: Although this test method has been found applicable for testing some other materials, the precision of the test method has not been determined for these materials, or for specimen geometries and test conditions outside those recommended herein.  
1.7 This test method measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statement are given in Section 10.  
1.10 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.
Note 2: This test method and ISO 4589-2 are technically equivalent when using the gas measurement and control device described in 6.3.1, with direct oxygen concentration measurement.  
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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