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ASTM D5292-99(2004)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Aromatic Carbon Contents of Hydrocarbon Oils by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Standard Test Method for Aromatic Carbon Contents of Hydrocarbon Oils by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the aromatic hydrogen content (Procedures A and B) and aromatic carbon content (Procedure C) of hydrocarbon oils using high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometers. Applicable samples include kerosenes, gas oils, mineral oils, lubricating oils, coal liquids, and other distillates that are completely soluble in chloroform at ambient temperature. For pulse Fourier transform (FT) spectrometers, the detection limit is typically 0.1 mol % aromatic hydrogen atoms and 0.5 mol % aromatic carbon atoms. For continuous wave (CW) spectrometers, which are suitable for measuring aromatic hydrogen contents only, the detection limit is considerably higher and typically 0.5 mol % aromatic hydrogen atoms.
1.2 The reported units are mole percent aromatic hydrogen atoms and mole percent aromatic carbon atoms.
1.3 This test method is not applicable to samples containing more than 1 mass % olefinic or phenolic compounds.
1.4 This test method does not cover the determination of the percentage mass of aromatic compounds in oils since NMR signals from both saturated hydrocarbons and aliphatic substituents on aromatic ring compounds appear in the same chemical shift region. For the determination of mass or volume percent aromatics in hydrocarbon oils, chromatographic, or mass spectrometry methods can be used.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 7.2 and 7.4.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2004
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.04.0F - Absorption Spectroscopic Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5292-99 - Standard Test Method for Aromatic Carbon Contents of Hydrocarbon Oils by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D5292-99(2004)e1 - Standard Test Method for Aromatic Carbon Contents of Hydrocarbon Oils by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Referred By
ASTM F2931-19a - Standard Guide for Analytical Testing of Substances of Very High Concern in Materials and Products
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Referred By
ASTM D8383-21 - Standard Test Method for Methyl Hydrogen Content of Hydrocarbon Oils by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004

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ASTM D5292-99(2004) - Standard Test Method for Aromatic Carbon Contents of Hydrocarbon Oils by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyASTM D5292-99(2004) - Standard Test Method for Aromatic Carbon Contents of Hydrocarbon Oils by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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ASTM D5292-99(2004) - Standard Test Method for Aromatic Carbon Contents of Hydrocarbon Oils by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:D5292–99 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Test Method for
Aromatic Carbon Contents of Hydrocarbon Oils by High
1
Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5292; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the aro- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
matic hydrogen content (Procedures A and B) and aromatic D3238 Test Method for Calculation of Carbon Distribution
carbon content (Procedure C) of hydrocarbon oils using and Structural Group Analysis of Petroleum Oils by the
high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrom- n-d-M Method
eters. Applicable samples include kerosenes, gas oils, mineral D3701 Test Method for Hydrogen Content of Aviation
oils, lubricating oils, coal liquids, and other distillates that are TurbineFuelsbyLowResolutionNuclearMagneticReso-
completely soluble in chloroform at ambient temperature. For nance Spectrometry
pulse Fourier transform (FT) spectrometers, the detection limit D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
istypically0.1mol%aromatichydrogenatomsand0.5mol% Petroleum Products
aromatic carbon atoms. For continuous wave (CW) spectrom- E386 Practice for Data Presentation Relating to High-
eters, which are suitable for measuring aromatic hydrogen ResolutionNuclearMagneticResonance(NMR)Spectros-
contents only, the detection limit is considerably higher and copy
typically 0.5 mol % aromatic hydrogen atoms. 2.2 Energy Institute Methods:
1.2 The reported units are mole percent aromatic hydrogen IP Proposed Method BD Aromatic Hydrogen and Aromatic
atoms and mole percent aromatic carbon atoms. CarbonContentsofHydrocarbonOilsbyHighResolution
3
1.3 Thistestmethodisnotapplicabletosamplescontaining Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
more than 1 mass % olefinic or phenolic compounds.
3. Terminology
1.4 Thistestmethoddoesnotcoverthedeterminationofthe
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
percentage mass of aromatic compounds in oils since NMR
signals from both saturated hydrocarbons and aliphatic sub- 3.1.1 aromatic carbon content—mole percent aromatic car-
bon atoms or the percentage of aromatic carbon of the total
stituents on aromatic ring compounds appear in the same
chemicalshiftregion.Forthedeterminationofmassorvolume carbon:
percent aromatics in hydrocarbon oils, chromatographic, or
aromatic carbon content 5100
mass spectrometry methods can be used.
3 ~aromatic carbon atoms!/~total carbon atoms! (1)
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.1.1 Discussion—For example, the aromatic carbon con-
standard.
tent of toluene is 100 3(6/7) or 85.7 mol % aromatic carbon
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
atoms.
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2 aromatic hydrogen content—mole percent aromatic
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
hydrogen atoms or the percentage of aromatic hydrogen of the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
total hydrogen:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
aromatic hydrogen content 5100
tionary statements are given in 7.2 and 7.4.
3 ~aromatic hydrogen atoms!/~total hydrogen atoms! (2)
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D02.04 on Absorption Spectroscopic Methods. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originally Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D5292–99. U.K.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5292–99 (2004)
3.1.2.1 Discussion—For example, the aromatic hydrogen contentsandareapplicabletoawiderangeofhydrocarbonoils
content of toluene is 100 3(5/8) or 62.5 mol % aromatic that are completely soluble in chloroform at ambient tempera-
hydrogen atoms. ture.
3.2 Definitions of chemical shift (reported in parts per 5.3 The aromatic hydrogen and aromatic carbon contents
million (ppm)), internal reference, spectral w
...

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Note 2: Oil tubes and apparatus used in this test method have traditionally been marked in inches, (the tube is required to be etched with 1/8 in. divisions.) The Saybolt Color Numbers are aligned with inch, 1/2 in., 1/4 in., and 1/8 in. changes in the depth of oil. These fractional inch changes do not readily correspond to SI equivalents and in view of the preponderance of apparatus already in use and marked in inches, the inch/pound unit is regarded as the standard. However the test method does use SI units of length when the length is not directly related to divisions on the oil tube and Saybolt Color Numbers. The test method uses SI units for temperature.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for calculating the estimated kinematic viscosity of a blend of two or more petroleum products, such as lubricating oil base stocks, fuel components, residual fuel oil with kerosene, crude oils, and related products, from their kinematic viscosities and blend fractions.  
1.2 This practice allows for the estimation of the fraction of each of two petroleum products needed to prepare a blend meeting a specific viscosity.  
1.3 This practice may not be applicable to other types of products, or to materials which exhibit strong non-Newtonian properties, such as viscosity index improvers, additive packages, and products containing particulates.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 Logarithms may be either common logarithms or natural logarithms, as long as the same are used consistently. This practice uses common logarithms. If natural logarithms are used, the inverse function, exp(×), must be used in place of the base 10 exponential function, 10×, used herein.  
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5.1 Sulfur present as mercaptans or as hydrogen sulfide in distillate fuels and solvents can attack many metallic and non-metallic materials in fuel and other distribution systems. A negative result in the doctor test ensures that the concentration of these compounds is insufficient to cause such problems in normal use.
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1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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5.3 Procedure B was tested with biodiesel mixtures and reports the Boiling Point Distribution of FAME esters of vegetable and animal origin mixed with ultra low sulfur diesel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final boiling point of 538 °C (1000 °F) or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. This test method is limited to samples having a boiling range greater than 55.5 °C (100 °F), and having a vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit sampling at ambient temperature.
Note 1: Since a boiling range is the difference between two temperatures, only the constant of 1.8 °F/°C is used in the conversion of the temperature range from one system of units to another.  
1.1.1 Procedure A (Sections 6 – 14)—Allows a larger selection of columns and analysis conditions such as packed and capillary columns as well as a Thermal Conductivity Detector in addition to the Flame Ionization Detector. Analysis times range from 14 min to 60 min.  
1.1.2 Procedure B (Sections 15 – 23)—Is restricted to only 3 capillary columns and requires no sample dilution. In addition, Procedure B is used not only for the sample types described in Procedure A but also for the analysis of samples containing biodiesel mixtures B5, B10, and B20. The analysis time, when using Procedure B (Accelerated D2887), is reduced to about 8 min.  
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