ASTM A407-07(2013)

Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Coiled-Type Springs

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers round, cold-drawn, steel spring wire having properties and quality intended for the manufacture of the following types of upholstery springs:  
1.1.1 Type A—Coiled (Marshall pack),  
1.1.2 Type B—Coiled and knotted,  
1.1.3 Type C—Coiled and knotted (offset style),  
1.1.4 Type D—Coiled and hooked (single and cross helicals),  
1.1.5 Type E—Coiled and hooked (short tension—regular tensile strength),  
1.1.6 Type F—Coiled and hooked (short tension—high tensile strength),  
1.1.7 Type G—Regular lacing,  
1.1.8 Type H—Automatic lacing,  
1.1.9 Type I—Zig-zag (U-formed),  
1.1.10 Type J—Square-formed, and  
1.1.11 Type K—Sinuous for furniture spring units.  
1.2 These types of upholstery springs are used in the manufacture of automotive seat springs, furniture springs, bed spring units, mattresses, furniture cushions, and automobile seats. This wire is not intended for the manufacture of mechanical springs.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2013
• ICS: 77.140.25 - Spring steels
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.03 - Steel Rod and Wire

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A407-07 - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Coiled-Type Springs
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2013

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:A407 −07 (Reapproved 2013)
Standard Specification for
Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Coiled-Type Springs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A407; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 AIAG Standard:
AIAGB-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Applica-
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversround,cold-drawn,steelspring
tion Standard
wire having properties and quality intended for the manufac-
ture of the following types of upholstery springs:
3. Ordering Information
1.1.1 Type A—Coiled (Marshall pack),
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
1.1.2 Type B—Coiled and knotted,
include the following information for each ordered item:
1.1.3 Type C—Coiled and knotted (offset style),
3.1.1 Quantity (weight),
1.1.4 Type D—Coiled and hooked (single and cross
3.1.2 Name of material (name of specific type required)
helicals),
(Section 1 and Table 1),
1.1.5 Type E—Coiled and hooked (short tension—regular
3.1.3 Diameter (Table 2),
tensile strength),
3.1.4 Packaging, marking, and loading (Section 12),
1.1.6 Type F—Coiled and hooked (short tension—high
3.1.5 ASTM designation and date of issue, and
tensile strength),
3.1.6 Heat (cast) analysis (if desired).
1.1.7 Type G—Regular lacing,
NOTE 1—A typical ordering description is as follows: 50 000 lb
1.1.8 Type H—Automatic lacing,
[15 000 kg], cold-drawn upholstery spring wire Type B for coiling and
1.1.9 Type I—Zig-zag (U-formed),
knotting, size 0.080 in. [2.0 mm], 1500-lb [700 kg] coils on tubular
carriers to ASTM A407 dated.
1.1.10 Type J—Square-formed, and
1.1.11 Type K—Sinuous for furniture spring units.
4. Manufacture
1.2 These types of upholstery springs are used in the
4.1 The steel shall be made by any of the following
manufacture of automotive seat springs, furniture springs, bed
processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace.
spring units, mattresses, furniture cushions, and automobile
4.2 A sufficient discard shall be made to ensure freedom
seats. This wire is not intended for the manufacture of
from injurious piping and undue segregation.
mechanical springs.
4.3 The wire shall be cold-drawn to produce the desired
2. Referenced Documents mechanical properties.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Chemical Composition
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
5.1 Upholstery spring wire for coiled-type springs is cus-
of Steel Products
tomarily produced within the chemical ranges shown below.
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods
Chemical composition and processing may vary depending on
for Steel Products for Shipment
the gage of wire and specific use.
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
A
Carbon, % 0.45 to 0.70
Determine Conformance with Specifications
A
Manganese, %, 0.60 to 1.20
Phosphorus, max, % 0.040
Sulfur, max, % 0.050
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
A
In any lot in which all the wire is of the same size and type, and submitted for
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
inspection at the same time, the carbon content shall not vary more than 0.20 %,
A01.03 on Steel Rod and Wire.
and the manganese content shall not vary more than 0.30 %.
Current edition approved April 1, 2013. Published April 2013. Originally
approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as A407 – 07. DOI: 5.2 An analysis of each heat (cast) shall be made by the
10.1520/A0407-07R13.
producer to determine the percentage of elements specified
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAutomotive IndustryAction Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd.,
the ASTM website. Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48033-7100, www.aiag.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A407−07 (2013)
A
TABLE1 Continued
TABLE 1 Tensile Strength Requirements
Tensile Strength, ksi [MPa] Tensile Strength, ksi [MPa]
Diameter, Wire Diameter, Wire
in. [mm] Gage in. [mm] Gage
min max min max
Type A, Marshall Pack 0.041 250 [1740] 290 [2020]
0.048 255 [1800] 295 [2060] [1.0] 19
[1.2] 18
0.048 245 [1700] 285 [1960]
0.054 250 [1760] 290 [2010] [1.2] 18
[1.4] 17
0.054 240 [1660] 280 [1910]
0.062 250 [1710] 290 [1950] [1.4] 17
[1.6] 16
0.062 235 [1620] 275 [1860]
0.072 240 [1680] 280 [1920] [1.6] 16
[1.8] 15
Type I, Zig-Zag Type Automobile Seat and Back Spring Units
0.080 230 [1650] 270 [1890] Class I Class II
[2.0] 14
0.092 [2.4] 13 220 [1520] 250 [1720] 230 [1590] 260 [1800]
0.092 225 [1610] 265 [1830] 0.106 [2.6] 12 215 [1480] 245 [1690] 225 [1550] 255 [1760]
[2.4] 13 0.120 [3.0] 11 210 [1450] 240 [1660] 215 [1480] 245 [1690]
0.106 220 [1560] 260 [1780] 0.135 [3.5] 10 205 [1410] 235 [1620] 210 [1450] 240 [1660]
[2.8] 12 0.148 [3.8] 9 200 [1380] 230 [1590] 205 [1410] 235 [1620]
Type B, Coiled and Knotted
0.162 [4.2] 8 190 [1310] 220 [1520] 200 [1380] 230 [1590]
0.062 235 [1550] 270 [1790] Type J, Square-Formed Type Automobile Seat and Back Spring Units
[1.6] 16
Class I Class II
0.072 230 [1530] 265 [1770] 0.092 [2.4] 13 215 [1480] 245 [1690] 225 [1550] 255 [1760]
[1.8] 15
0.106 [2.6] 12 210 [1450] 240 [1660] 220 [1520] 250 [1720]
0.080 225 [1500] 260 [1740] 0.120 [3.0] 11 205 [1410] 235 [1620] 215 [1480] 245 [1690]
[2.0] 14
0.135 [3.5] 10 200 [1380] 230 [1590] 210 [1450] 240 [1660]
0.092 215 [1460] 250 [1680]
0.148 [3.8] 9 190 [1310] 220 [1520] 200 [1380] 230 [1590]
[2.4] 13
0.162 [4.2] 8 180 [1240] 210 [1450] 190 [1310] 220 [1520]
0.106 205 [1420] 235 [1640]
Type K, Sinuous Type Furniture Spring Units
[2.6] 12
0.092 [2.4] 13 235 [1660] 270 [1860]
0.120 195 [1380] 225 [1600]
0.106 [2.6] 12 235 [1620] 265 [1830]
[3.0] 11
0.120 [3.0] 11 230 [1590] 260 [1800]
0.135 190 [1350] 220 [1560]
0.135 [3.5] 10 225 [1550] 255 [1760]
[3.5] 10
0.148 [3.8] 9 220 [1520] 250 [1720]
0.148 185 [1300] 215 [1530]
0.162 [4.2] 8 215 [1480] 245 [1690]
[3.8] 9
0.177 [4.5] 7 210 [1450] 240 [1660]
0.162 180 [1300] 210 [1500]
0.192 [5.0] 6 207 [1430] 237 [1630]
[4.2] 8
A
Tensilestrengthvaluesfordiametersnotshowninthistableshallconformtothat
Type C, Coiled and Knotted (Offset Type)
shown for the next larger diameter (for example, for diameter 0.128 in. [3.25 mm]
0.072 215 [1450] 245 [1690]
the value shall be the same as for 0.135 in. [3.42 mm]).
[1.8] 15
0.080 210 [1430] 240 [1670]
[2.0] 14
0.092 200 [1390] 230 [1610]
TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Wire Diameter
[2.4] 13
0.106 195 [1360] 225 [1580]
NOTE 1—For purposes of determining confor
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