ASTM D2892-05
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)
Standard Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is one of a number of tests conducted on a crude oil to determine its value. It provides an estimate of the yields of fractions of various boiling ranges and is therefore valuable in technical discussions of a commercial nature.
This test method corresponds to the standard laboratory distillation efficiency referred to as 15/5. The fractions produced can be analyzed as produced or combined to produce samples for analytical studies, engineering, and product quality evaluations. The preparation and evaluation of such blends is not part of this test method.
This test method can be used as an analytical tool for examination of other petroleum mixtures with the exception of LPG, very light naphthas, and mixtures with initial boiling points above 400°C.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the distillation of stabilized crude petroleum (see Note 0) to a final cut temperature of 400C Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET). This test method employs a fractionating column having an efficiency of 14 to 18 theoretical plates operated at a reflux ratio of 5:1. Performance criteria for the necessary equipment is specified. Some typical examples of acceptable apparatus are presented in schematic form. This test method offers a compromise between efficiency and time in order to facilitate the comparison of distillation data between laboratories.Note 0
Defined as having a Reid vapor pressure less than 82.7 kPa (12 psi).
1.2 This test method details procedures for the production of a liquefied gas, distillate fractions, and residuum of standardized quality on which analytical data can be obtained, and the determination of yields of the above fractions by both mass and volume. From the preceding information, a graph of temperature versus mass % distilled can be produced. This distillation curve corresponds to a laboratory technique, which is defined at 15/5 (15 theoretical plate column, 5:1 reflux ratio) or TBP (true boiling point).
1.3 This test method can also be applied to any petroleum mixture except liquefied petroleum gases, very light naphthas, and fractions having initial boiling points above 400C.
1.4 This test method contains the following annexes and appendixes:
1.4.1 Test Method for the Determination of the Efficiency of a Distillation Column,
1.4.2 Test Method for the Determination of the Dynamic Holdup of a Distillation Column,
1.4.3 Test Method for the Determination of the Heat Loss in a Distillation Column (Static Conditions),
1.4.4 Test Method for the Verification of Temperature Sensor Location,
1.4.5 Test Method for Determination of the Temperature Response Time,
1.4.6 Practice for the Calibration of Sensors,
1.4.7 Test Method for the Verification of Reflux Dividing Valves,
1.4.8 Practice for Conversion of Observed Vapor Temperature to Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET),
1.4.9 Test Method for Dehydration of a Sample of Wet Crude Oil, and
1.4.10 Practice for Performance Check.
1.5 &si-value;
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section .
1.6 This test method is for determining the efficiency of a distillation column, under total reflux conditions using the test mixture n-heptane/methylcyclohexane at atmospheric pressure.
1.7 The efficiency is not measured under vacuum conditions because there is no satisfactory test mixture that has a constant relative volatility with pressure.
1.8 This test method is for determining the dynamic holdup of a distillation column using a test mixture of stearic acid in n-heptane.
1.9 This test method is for determining the heat loss of a distillation column under static conditions when a temperature differential exists be...
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D2892 – 05
Standard Test Method for
Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate
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Column)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2892; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.4.5 Annex A5—Test Method for Determination of the
Temperature Response Time,
1.1 Thistestmethodcoverstheprocedureforthedistillation
1.4.6 Annex A6—Practice for the Calibration of Sensors,
of stabilized crude petroleum (see Note 1) to a final cut
1.4.7 AnnexA7—TestMethodfortheVerificationofReflux
temperature of 400°C Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature
Dividing Valves,
(AET). This test method employs a fractionating column
1.4.8 Annex A8—Practice for Conversion of Observed
havinganefficiencyof 14 to 18 theoretical plates operatedata
Vapor Temperature to Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature
reflux ratio of 5:1. Performance criteria for the necessary
(AET),
equipment is specified. Some typical examples of acceptable
1.4.9 Appendix X1—Test Method for Dehydration of a
apparatus are presented in schematic form. This test method
Sample of Wet Crude Oil, and
offers a compromise between efficiency and time in order to
1.4.10 Appendix X2—Practice for Performance Check.
facilitate the comparison of distillation data between laborato-
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
ries.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
NOTE 1—Defined as having a Reid vapor pressure less than 82.7 kPa
only.
(12 psi).
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.2 Thistestmethoddetailsproceduresfortheproductionof
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
a liquefied gas, distillate fractions, and residuum of standard-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ized quality on which analytical data can be obtained, and the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
determinationofyieldsoftheabovefractionsbybothmassand
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
volume. From the preceding information, a graph of tempera-
warning statements, see Section 10.
ture versus mass % distilled can be produced. This distillation
2. Referenced Documents
curve corresponds to a laboratory technique, which is defined
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at 15/5 (15 theoretical plate column, 5:1 reflux ratio) or TBP
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(true boiling point).
D941 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Spe-
1.3 This test method can also be applied to any petroleum
cific Gravity) of Liquids by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnom-
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mixture except liquefied petroleum gases, very light naphthas,
eter
and fractions having initial boiling points above 400°C.
D1217 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Spe-
1.4 This test method contains the following annexes and
cific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer
appendixes:
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
1.4.1 AnnexA1—Test Method for the Determination of the
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
Efficiency of a Distillation Column,
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
1.4.2 AnnexA2—Test Method for the Determination of the
D2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of
Dynamic Holdup of a Distillation Column,
Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
1.4.3 AnnexA3—Test Method for the Determination of the
D3710 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of
Heat Loss in a Distillation Column (Static Conditions),
Gasoline and Gasoline Fractions by Gas Chromatography
1.4.4 AnnexA4—Test Method for the Verification of Tem-
D4006 Test Method for Water in Crude Oil by Distillation
perature Sensor Location,
D4052 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
D02.08 on Volatility. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally the ASTM website.
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approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D2892–03a. DOI: Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
10.1520/D2892-05. on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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