ASTM D6856-03

Standard Guide for Testing Fabric-Reinforced "Textile" Composite Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide is intended to serve as a reference for the testing of textile composite materials.
The use of this guide ensures that proper consideration is given to the unique characteristics of these materials in testing. In addition, this guide also assists the user in selecting the best currently available ASTM test method for measurement of commonly evaluated material properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is applicable to the testing of textile composites fabricated using fabric preforms, such as weaves, braids, stitched preforms, and so forth, as the reinforcement. The purpose of this guide is to:
1.1.1 Ensure that proper consideration is given to the unique characteristics of these materials in testing.
1.1.2 Assist the user in selecting the best currently available ASTM test method for the measurement of commonly evaluated material properties for this class of materials.
1.2 Areas where current ASTM test methods do not meet the needs for testing of textile composites are indicated.
1.3 It is not the intent of this guide to cover all test methods which could possibly be used for textile composites. Only the most commonly used and most applicable standards are included.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jan-2003
• ICS: 59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
• Technical Committee: D30 - Composite Materials
• Drafting Committee: D30.04 - Lamina and Laminate Test Methods

Relations

• Referred By: ASTM D4762-18 - Standard Guide for Testing Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D7078/D7078M-20e1 - Standard Test Method for Shear Properties of Composite Materials by V-Notched Rail Shear Method
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D7264/D7264M-21 - Standard Test Method for Flexural Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D6856–03
Standard Guide for
1
Testing Fabric-Reinforced “Textile” Composite Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6856; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
A variety of fabric-reinforced composite materials have been developed for use in aerospace,
automotive, and other applications. These composite materials are reinforced with continuous fiber
yarns that are formed into two-dimensional or three-dimensional fabrics.Various fabric constructions,
such as woven, braided, stitched, and so forth, can be used to form the fabric reinforcement. Due to
the nature of the reinforcement, these materials are often referred to as “textile” composites.
Textile composites can be fabricated from 2-dimensional (2-D) or 3-dimensional (3-D) fabrics.
Stitched preforms and 3-D fabrics contain through-thickness yarns, which can lead to greater
delamination resistance. Textile composites are also amenable to automated fabrication. However, the
microstructure (or fiber architecture) of a textile composite, which consists of interlacing yarns, can
lead to increased inhomogeneity of the local displacement fields in the laminate. Depending upon the
size of the yarns and the pattern of the weave or braid, the inhomogeneity within a textile composite
can be large compared to traditional tape laminates.
Thus, special care should be exercised in the use of the currentASTM standards developed for high
performance composites. In many cases, the current ASTM standards are quite adequate if proper
attention is given to the special testing considerations for textile composites covered in this guide.
However, in some cases, current standards do not meet the needs for testing of the required properties.
This guide is intended to increase the user’s awareness of the special considerations necessary for the
testing of these materials. It also provides the user with recommended ASTM standards that are
applicable for evaluating textile composites. The specific properties for which current ASTM
standards might not apply are also highlighted in this guide.
1. Scope 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.1 This guide is applicable to the testing of textile com-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
posites fabricated using fabric preforms, such as weaves,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
braids, stitched preforms, and so forth, as the reinforcement.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
The purpose of this guide is to:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1.1 Ensurethatproperconsiderationisgiventotheunique
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
characteristics of these materials in testing.
1.1.2 Assist the user in selecting the best currently available
2. Referenced Documents
ASTM test method for the measurement of commonly evalu-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ated material properties for this class of materials.
D 790 TestMethodsforFlexuralPropertiesofUnreinforced
1.2 Areas where current ASTM test methods do not meet
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
the needs for testing of textile composites are indicated.
2
als
1.3 It is not the intent of this guide to cover all test methods
D 792 TestMethodsforDensityandSpecificGravity(Rela-
which could possibly be used for textile composites. Only the
2
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
most commonly used and most applicable standards are
2
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
included.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite
Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.04 on Lamina and
Laminate Test Methods.
2
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2003. Published February 2003. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D6856–03
D 2344/D 2344M Test Method for Short-Beam Strength of E 122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,
Polymer Matrix Composite Materials and Their Lami- With a Specified Tolerable Error, the Average for Charac-
3 7
nates teristic of a Lot or Process
D 3039/D 3039M Test Method for Tensile Properties of E 251 Test Methods for Performance Characteristics of
3 6
Polymer Matrix Composite Materials Metallic Bonded Resistance Strain Gages
7
D 3171 Test Method for Constituent Content of C
...