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ASTM D1404/D1404M-99(2008)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Estimation of Deleterious Particles in Lubricating Grease

Standard Test Method for Estimation of Deleterious Particles in Lubricating Grease

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
p>The significance of the number of scratches as far as correlation with field performance is concerned has not been established. A particle which is abrasive to plastic will not necessarily be abrasive to steel or other bearing materials. Some correlation was obtained in that the contaminant used in Sample 3 (see 10.1.1) had a greater wear rate in a laboratory ball bearing abrasive wear test than the contaminant in Sample 2.
Note 1—The number of scratches obtained cannot be used to draw fine differences between greases, but rather, to group them into two or three general classes. One such possible division could be:
  1 ... . less than 10 scratches  2 ... . 10 to 40 scratches  3 ... . more than 40 scratches  
An advantage of this test method is that each test takes only a few minutes to run.
This test method is used for quality control and specification purpose.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the detection and estimation of deleterious particles in lubricating grease.
1.2 This test method is applicable to all lubricating greases. It can also be used to test other semi-solid or viscous materials. Grease fillers, such as graphite and molybdenum disulfide, can be tested for abrasive contaminants by first mixing them into petrolatum or grease known to be free of deleterious particles.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2008
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.G0.01 - Chemical and General Laboratory Tests
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D1404/D1404M-99(2003) - Standard Test Method for Estimation of Deleterious Particles in Lubricating Grease
Effective Date
01-May-2008
Replaced By
ASTM D1404/D1404M-99(2014) - Standard Test Method for Estimation of Deleterious Particles in Lubricating Grease
Effective Date
01-Oct-2014

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ASTM D1404/D1404M-99(2008) - Standard Test Method for Estimation of Deleterious Particles in Lubricating GreaseASTM D1404/D1404M-99(2008) - Standard Test Method for Estimation of Deleterious Particles in Lubricating Grease
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ASTM D1404/D1404M-99(2008) - Standard Test Method for Estimation of Deleterious Particles in Lubricating Grease
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1404/D1404M − 99(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Test Method for
1
Estimation of Deleterious Particles in Lubricating Grease
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1404/D1404M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.1 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two
surfaces that reduces the friction or wear between them.
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the detection
3.2.2 lubricating grease, n—a semi-fluid to solid product of
and estimation of deleterious particles in lubricating grease.
a dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant.
1.2 This test method is applicable to all lubricating greases.
3.2.2.1 Discussion—The dispersion of the thickener forms a
It can also be used to test other semi-solid or viscous materials.
two-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant by
Grease fillers, such as graphite and molybdenum disulfide, can
surface tension and other physical forces. Other ingredients are
be tested for abrasive contaminants by first mixing them into
commonly included to impart special properties.
petrolatum or grease known to be free of deleterious particles.
3.2.3 thickener, n—in lubricating grease, a substance com-
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
posed of finely-divided particles dispersed in a liquid lubricant
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
to form the product’s structure.
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
3.2.3.1 Discussion—The solid thickener can be fibers (such
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
as various metallic soaps) or plates or spheres (such as certain
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
non-soap thickeners), which are insoluble or, at the most, only
with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in
very slightly soluble in the liquid lubricant. The general
brackets.
requirements are that the solid particles be extremely small,
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
uniformlydispersed,andcapableofformingarelativelystable,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
gel-like structure with the liquid lubricant.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.3.1 deleterious particles, n—in lubricating grease, minute
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
bits of solid material present as a contaminant and abrasive to
2. Referenced Documents acrylic plastic.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Summary of Test Method
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
4.1 A small portion of the lubricating grease sample is
D785 Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and
placed between two clean, highly polished acrylic-plastic
Electrical Insulating Materials
plates held rigidly and parallel in metal holders. A pressure of
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
200 psi [1.38 MPa] is applied, and one plate is rotated 30°
Products, and Lubricants
relative to the other. Particles harder than the plastic and
exceeding in size the distance between the plates will imbed in
3. Terminology
the plates and cause characteristic, arc-shaped scratches in the
3.1 Definitions—See Terminology D4175. plates.
3.2 Definitions:
4.2 The relative number of such solid particles can be
estimated by counting the total number of arc-shaped scratches
on the two plates.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.G0.01 on Chemical and General Laboratory Tests.
5. Significance and Use
CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2008.PublishedJuly2008.Originallyapproved
5.1 The significance of the number of scratches as far as
in1956.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2003asD1404/D1404M–99(2003).DOI:
10.1520/D1404_D1404M-99R08.
correlation with field performance is concerned has not been
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
established. A particle which is abrasive to plastic will not
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
necessarily be abrasive to steel or other bearing materials.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Some correlation was obtained in that the contaminant used in
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, P
...

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Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants, and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease is a crucial part of condition-monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    9 pages
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ASTM
ASTM D7922-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Glycol for In-Service Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Some glycol/antifreeze dilution of in-service engine oil is normal under typical operating conditions. However, excessive glycol dilution can lead to decreased performance, premature wear, or sudden engine failure. This test method provides a means of quantifying the level of glycol based antifreeze dilution, allowing the user to take necessary action.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off