ASTM B381-21

Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings

ABSTRACT
This specification covers 39 grades of annealed titanium and titanium alloy forgings as Grade F-1, Grade F-2, Grade F-2H, Grade F-3, Grade F-4, Grade F-5, Grade F-6, Grade F-7, Grade F-7H, Grade F-9, Grade F-11, Grade F-12, Grade F-13, Grade F-14, Grade F-15, Grade F-16, Grade F-16H, Grade F-17, Grade F-18, Grade F-19 Grade F-20, Grade F-21, Grade F-23, Grade F-24, Grade F-25, Grade F-26, Grade F-26H, Grade F-27, Grade F-28, Grade F-29, Grade F-30, Grade F-31, Grade F-32, Grade F-33, Grade F-34, Grade F-35, Grade F-36, Grade F-37, and Grade F-38. The grades of titanium and titanium alloy metal covered by this specification shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed. Forgings supplied under this specification shall conform to the requirements as to mechanical properties specified, as applicable, such as tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. Nondestructive test requirements such as ultrasonic test, X-ray, or surface inspection shall be specified by the purchaser, if required.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers 39 grades of annealed titanium and titanium alloy forgings as follows:  
1.1.1 Grade F-1—UNS R50250. Unalloyed titanium,  
1.1.2 Grade F-2—UNS R50400. Unalloyed titanium,
1.1.2.1 Grade F-2H—UNS R50400. Unalloyed titanium (Grade 2 with 58 ksi (400 MPa) minimum UTS),  
1.1.3 Grade F-3—UNS R50550. Unalloyed titanium,  
1.1.4 Grade F-4—UNS R50700. Unalloyed titanium,  
1.1.5 Grade F-5—UNS R56400. Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium),  
1.1.6 Grade F-6—UNS R54520. Titanium alloy (5 % aluminum, 2.5 % tin),  
1.1.7 Grade F-7—UNS R52400. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 % palladium,
1.1.7.1 Grade F-7H—UNS R52400. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 % palladium (Grade 7 with 58 ksi (400 MPa) minimum UTS),  
1.1.8 Grade F-9—UNS R56320. Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium),  
1.1.9 Grade F-11—UNS R52250. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 % palladium,  
1.1.10 Grade F-12—UNS R53400. Titanium alloy (0.3 % molybdenum, 0.8 % nickel),  
1.1.11 Grade F-13—UNS R53413. Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium),  
1.1.12 Grade F-14—UNS R53414. Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium),  
1.1.13 Grade F-15—UNS R53415. Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium),  
1.1.14 Grade F-16—UNS R52402. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,
1.1.14.1 Grade F-16H—UNS R52402. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium (Grade 16 with 58 ksi (400 MPa) minimum UTS),  
1.1.15 Grade F-17—UNS R52252. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,  
1.1.16 Grade F-18—UNS R56322. Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium) plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,  
1.1.17 Grade F-19—UNS R58640. Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 % vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum),  
1.1.18 Grade F-20—UNS R58645. Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 % vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum) plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,  
1.1.19 Grade F-21—UNS R58210. Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.7 % niobium, 15 % molybdenum, 0.25 % silicon),  
1.1.20 Grade F-23—UNS R56407. Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium, extra low interstitials, ELI),  
1.1.21 Grade F-24—UNS R56405. Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium) plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,  
1.1.22 Grade F-25—UNS R56403. Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium) plus 0.3 to 0.8 % nickel and 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,  
1.1.23 Grade F-26—UNS R52404. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium,
1.1.23.1 Grade F-26H—UNS R52404. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium (Grade 26 with 58 ksi (400 MPa) minimum UTS),  
1.1.24 Grade F-27—UNS R52254. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium,  
1.1.25 Grade F-28—UNS R56323. Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium),  
1.1.26 Grade F-29—UNS R56404. Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium),  
1....

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2021
• ICS: 77.150.50 - Titanium products
• Technical Committee: B10 - Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B10.01 - Titanium

Relations

• Refers: ASTM E539-19 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Titanium Alloys by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2019
• Refers: ASTM B348-13 - Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2013
• Refers: ASTM B348-11 - Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2011
• Refers: ASTM E539-11 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Titanium Alloys by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-May-2011
• Refers: ASTM E1941-10 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by Combustion Analysis
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Refers: ASTM B348-09 - Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2009
• Refers: ASTM E1447-09 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Thermal Conductivity/Infrared Detection Method
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2009
• Refers: ASTM E29-08 - Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Refers: ASTM B348-08a - Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2008
• Refers: ASTM E1409-08 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Technique
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Refers: ASTM E2626-08e1 - Standard Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive and Refractory Metals (Withdrawn 2017)
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Refers: ASTM E2626-08 - Standard Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive and Refractory Metals
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Refers: ASTM B348-08 - Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets
• Effective Date: 15-May-2008
• Refers: ASTM E539-07 - Standard Test Method for X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometric Analysis of 6Al-4V Titanium Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2007
• Refers: ASTM E539-06 - Standard Test Method for X-Ray Emission Spectrometric Analysis of 6Al-4V Titanium Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006

Overview

ASTM B381-21: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings establishes requirements for 39 grades of annealed titanium and titanium alloy forgings. Developed by ASTM Committee B10, this international standard provides critical specifications for manufacturers, purchasers, and end-users who require titanium forgings with defined chemical composition, mechanical properties, and quality assurance measures. Key applications include aerospace, chemical processing, power generation, military, and medical industries where the strength, corrosion resistance, and versatility of titanium alloys are in high demand.

Key Topics

• Grade Coverage: ASTM B381-21 covers a wide range of titanium and titanium alloy grades, from unalloyed titanium (such as Grade F-1, F-2, F-3, F-4) to alloys containing elements like aluminum, vanadium, palladium, molybdenum, ruthenium, nickel, chromium, and others. This allows customization for specific property requirements and performance in diverse service environments.

• Chemical Composition: Each grade under ASTM B381-21 must conform to strict requirements for chemical composition. The specification lists permissible levels for elements such as oxygen, iron, carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen, along with alloying agents tailored to enhance properties like corrosion resistance, high-temperature stability, and strength.

• Mechanical Properties: The standard defines minimum mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation, for titanium forgings. These values are verified through standardized tension testing procedures, helping ensure consistency and safety in end use.

• Testing and Inspection: The specification incorporates a range of nondestructive testing (NDT) methods, including ultrasonic, X-ray, and surface inspection, as required by the purchaser. These methods are essential for detecting internal and surface imperfections that could compromise forging quality.

• Ordering and Certification: ASTM B381-21 outlines required ordering information, such as grade number, mechanical property requirements, dimensions, and test methods. Manufacturers must provide certification that the forgings meet all requirements of the standard.

• Dimensions, Workmanship, and Marking: The standard specifies that dimensions and tolerances be agreed upon by manufacturer and purchaser. Forgings must be free from injurious imperfections, and identification marking and packaging must meet agreed specifications.

Applications

The rigorous requirements in ASTM B381-21 make it indispensable for critical applications where performance and safety are paramount, including:

• Aerospace: Airframe and engine components requiring high strength-to-weight ratios and resistance to both fatigue and corrosion.
• Medical Devices: Surgical implants and instruments benefiting from titanium’s biocompatibility and mechanical properties.
• Chemical Processing: Equipment subjected to aggressive chemicals, leveraging titanium’s excellent corrosion resistance.
• Power Generation: Components in pressure vessels, heat exchangers, and nuclear plant assemblies, where reliable performance is essential.
• Military and Defense: Military-grade titanium forgings used in missiles, armor, and naval systems due to superior durability and resistance to harsh environments.

Related Standards

ASTM B381-21 references and is harmonized with several other important ASTM and international standards to ensure quality and consistency:

• ASTM B348: Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets
• ASTM E8: Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• ASTM E29: Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
• ASTM E539, E1409, E1447, E1941, E2371, E2994: Various test methods for analysis of chemical composition in titanium and alloys
• ASME SB-381: Related specification for use in ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications

These companion documents provide guidance on raw material quality, chemical testing, mechanical performance, and industrial use, supporting the comprehensive application of ASTM B381-21 in the manufacture and procurement of titanium forgings.

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Keywords: ASTM B381-21, titanium forgings, titanium alloy forgings, titanium standards, mechanical properties, chemical composition, nondestructive testing, aerospace titanium, pressure vessel titanium, titanium alloys.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:B381 −21
Standard Specification for
Titanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.1.15 Grade F-17—UNS R52252. Unalloyed titanium plus
0.04 to 0.08% palladium,
1.1 This specification covers 39 grades of annealed tita-
1.1.16 Grade F-18—UNS R56322. Titanium alloy (3%
nium and titanium alloy forgings as follows:
aluminum, 2.5% vanadium) plus 0.04% to 0.08% palladium,
1.1.1 Grade F-1—UNS R50250. Unalloyed titanium,
1.1.17 Grade F-19—UNS R58640. Titanium alloy (3%
1.1.2 Grade F-2—UNS R50400. Unalloyed titanium,
1.1.2.1 Grade F-2H—UNS R50400. Unalloyed titanium aluminum,8%vanadium,6%chromium,4%zirconium,4%
molybdenum),
(Grade 2 with 58 ksi (400 MPa) minimum UTS),
1.1.3 Grade F-3—UNS R50550. Unalloyed titanium,
1.1.18 Grade F-20—UNS R58645. Titanium alloy (3%
1.1.4 Grade F-4—UNS R50700. Unalloyed titanium,
aluminum,8%vanadium,6%chromium,4%zirconium,4%
1.1.5 Grade F-5—UNS R56400. Titanium alloy (6 % molybdenum) plus 0.04 to 0.08% palladium,
aluminum, 4% vanadium),
1.1.19 Grade F-21—UNS R58210. Titanium alloy (3%
1.1.6 Grade F-6—UNS R54520. Titanium alloy (5 %
aluminum, 2.7 % niobium, 15 % molybdenum, 0.25 %
aluminum, 2.5% tin),
silicon),
1.1.7 Grade F-7—UNS R52400. Unalloyed titanium plus
1.1.20 Grade F-23—UNS R56407. Titanium alloy (6%
0.12 to 0.25% palladium,
aluminum, 4% vanadium, extra low interstitials, ELI),
1.1.7.1 Grade F-7H—UNS R52400. Unalloyed titanium
1.1.21 Grade F-24—UNS R56405. Titanium alloy (6%
plus 0.12 to 0.25% palladium (Grade 7 with 58 ksi (400 MPa)
aluminum, 4% vanadium) plus 0.04 to 0.08% palladium,
minimum UTS),
1.1.22 Grade F-25—UNS R56403. Titanium alloy (6%
1.1.8 Grade F-9—UNS R56320. Titanium alloy (3 %
aluminum, 4% vanadium) plus 0.3 to 0.8% nickel and 0.04 to
aluminum, 2.5% vanadium),
0.08% palladium,
1.1.9 Grade F-11—UNS R52250. Unalloyed titanium plus
1.1.23 Grade F-26—UNS R52404. Unalloyed titanium plus
0.12 to 0.25% palladium,
0.08 to 0.14% ruthenium,
1.1.10 Grade F-12—UNS R53400. Titanium alloy (0.3%
1.1.23.1 Grade F-26H—UNS R52404. Unalloyed titanium
molybdenum, 0.8% nickel),
plus 0.08 to 0.14% ruthenium (Grade 26 with 58 ksi (400
1.1.11 Grade F-13—UNS R53413. Titanium alloy (0.5%
MPa) minimum UTS),
nickel, 0.05% ruthenium),
1.1.12 Grade F-14—UNS R53414. Titanium alloy (0.5% 1.1.24 Grade F-27—UNS R52254. Unalloyed titanium plus
nickel, 0.05% ruthenium), 0.08 to 0.14% ruthenium,
1.1.13 Grade F-15—UNS R53415. Titanium alloy (0.5%
1.1.25 Grade F-28—UNS R56323. Titanium alloy (3%
nickel, 0.05% ruthenium),
aluminum, 2.5% vanadium plus 0.08 to 0.14% ruthenium),
1.1.14 Grade F-16—UNS R52402. Unalloyed titanium plus
1.1.26 Grade F-29—UNS R56404. Titanium alloy (6%
0.04 to 0.08% palladium,
aluminum, 4% vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI plus 0.08
1.1.14.1 Grade F-16H—UNS R52402. Unalloyed titanium
to 0.14% ruthenium),
plus 0.04 to 0.08% palladium (Grade 16 with 58 ksi (400
1.1.27 Grade F-30—UNS R53530. Titanium alloy (0.3%
MPa) minimum UTS),
cobalt, 0.05% palladium),
1.1.28 Grade F-31—UNS R53532. Titanium alloy (0.3%
cobalt, 0.05% palladium),
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on
1.1.29 Grade F-32—UNS R55111. Titanium alloy (5%
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of
aluminum, 1% vanadium, 1% tin, 1% zirconium, 0.8%
Subcommittee B10.01 on Titanium.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally molybdenum),
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as B381–13 (2019).
1.1.30 Grade F-33—UNS R53442. Titanium alloy (0.4%
DOI: 10.1520/B0381-21.
nickel, 0.015 % palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 %
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-
cation SB-381 in Section II of that Code. chromium),
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B381−21
1.1.31 Grade F-34—UNS R53445. Titanium alloy (0.4% E2994Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and Titanium
nickel, 0.015 % palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % AlloysbySparkAtomicEmissionSpectrometryandGlow
chromium), Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-
1.1.32 Grade F-35—UNS R56340. Titanium alloy (4.5% Based Method)
aluminum, 2% molybdenum, 1.6% vanadium, 0.5% iron,
3. Terminology
0.3% silicon),
1.1.33 Grade F-36—UNS R58450. Titanium alloy (45%
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
niobium),
3.1.1 bar, n—a hot rolled, forged or cold worked semifin-
1.1.34 Grade F-37—UNS R52815. Titanium alloy (1.5%
ished solid section product whose cross sectional area is less
2 2
aluminum), and
than 16 in. (10323 mm ).
1.1.35 Grade F-38—UNS R54250. Titanium alloy (4%
3.1.2 billet, n—a solid semifinished section, hot rolled or
aluminum, 2.5% vanadium, 1.5% iron).
forged from an ingot, with a cross sectional area greater than
NOTE 1—H grade material is identical to the corresponding numeric
2 2
16in. (10323 mm ).
grade (that is, Grade 2H = Grade 2) except for the higher guaranteed
minimum UTS, and may always be certified as meeting the requirements
3.1.3 forging, n—any product of work on metal formed to a
of its corresponding numeric grade. Grades 2H, 7H, 16H, and 26H are
desired shape by impact or pressure in hammers, forging
intended primarily for pressure vessel use.
machines, upsetters presses or related forming equipment.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
4. Ordering Information
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4.1 Ordersforforgingsunderthisspecificationshallinclude
and are not considered standard.
the following information, as applicable:
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.1.1 Grade number (Section 1),
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.1.2 Tensile properties (Table 1),
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1.3 Dimensions and tolerances (Section 10),
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1.4 Sampling, mechanical properties (Section 8),
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1.5 Methods for chemical analysis if different from those
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
listed in 2.0,
4.1.6 Marking (Section 17),
2. Referenced Documents
4.1.7 Packaging (Section 17),
2.1 ASTM Standards: 4.1.8 Certification (Section 16),
B348Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars
4.1.9 Disposition of rejected material (Section 14), and
and Billets 4.1.10 Supplementary requirements (S1).
E8Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
5. Materials and Manufacture
[Metric] E0008_E0008M
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
5.1 Material conforming to the latest revision of Specifica-
Determine Conformance with Specifications
tion B348 shall be used when producing forgings to this
E539Test Method for Analysis of Titanium Alloys by
specification.
WavelengthDispersiveX-RayFluorescenceSpectrometry
E1409Test Method for Determination of Oxygen and Nitro-
6. Chemical Composition
gen in Titanium and TitaniumAlloys by Inert Gas Fusion
6.1 Thegradesoftitaniumandtitaniumalloymetalcovered
E1447Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Tita-
by this specification shall conform to the requirements as to
nium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion Thermal
chemical composition prescribed in Table 2.
Conductivity/Infrared Detection Method
6.1.1 The elements listed in Table 2 are intentional alloy
E1941Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refrac-
additionsorelementswhichareinherenttothemanufacturerof
toryandReactiveMetalsandTheirAlloysbyCombustion
titanium sponge, ingot or mill product.
Analysis
6.1.1.1 Elements other than those listed in Table 2 are
E2371Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and Titanium
deemed to be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Table
Alloys by Direct Current Plasma and Inductively Coupled
2 by and only by way of unregulated or unanalyzed scrap
Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-
additions to the ingot melt. Therefore, product analysis for
Based Test Methodology)
elements not listed in Table 2 shall not be required unless
E2626Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive and
specified and shall be considered to be in excess of the intent
Refractory Metals (Withdrawn 2017)
of this specification.
6.1.2 Elements intentionally added to the melt must be
identified, analyzed, and reported in the chemical analysis.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.2 When agreed upon by the producer and purchaser and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
requested by the purchaser in his written purchase order,
theASTM website.
chemical analysis shall be completed for specific residual
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. elements not listed in this specification.
B381−21
A
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements
Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength (0.2 % Offset), min or Range
Elongation in 4D, Reduction of Area,
Grade
min, % min, %
ksi (MPa) ksi (MPa)
F-1 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30
F-2 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
B,C
F-2H 58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30
F-3 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30
F-4 80 (550) 70 (483) 15 25
F-5 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25
F-6 120 (828) 115 (795) 10 25
F-7 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
B,C
F-7H 58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30
F-9 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25
D
F-9 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25
F-11 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30
F-12 70 (483) 50 (345) 18 25
F-13 40 (275) 25 (170) 24 30
F-14 60 (410) 40 (275) 20 30
F-15 70 (483) 55 (380) 18 25
F-16 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
B,C
F-16H 58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30
F-17 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30
F-18 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25
D
F-18 90 (620) 70 (483) 12 20
E
F-19 115 (793) 110 (759) 15 25
F
F-19 135 (930) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 20
G
F-19 165 (1138) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 5 20
E
F-20 115 (793) 110 (759) 15 25
F
F-20 135 (930) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 20
G
F-20 165 (1138) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 5 20
E
F-21 115 (793) 110 (759) 15 35
F
F-21 140 (966) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 30
G
F-21 170 (1172) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 8 20
F-23 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25
D H I
F-23 120 (828) 110 (759) 7.5 ,6.0 25
F-24 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25
F-25 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25
F-26 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
B,C
F-26H 58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30
F-27 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30
F-28 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25
D
F-28 90 (620) 70 (483) 12 20
F-29 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25
D H I
F-29 120 (828) 110 (759) 7.5 ,6.0 15
F-30 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
F-31 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30
F-32 100 (689) 85 (586) 10 25
F-33 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
F-34 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30
F-35 130 (895) 120 (828) 5 20
F-36 65 (450) 60 to 95 (410 to 655) 10 .
F-37 50 (345) 31 (215) 20 30
F-38 130 (895) 115 (794) 10 25
A 2 2
These properties apply to forgings having a cross section no greater than 3 in. (1935 mm ). Mechanical properties of forgings having greater cross sections shall be
negotiated between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
B
Material is identical to the corresponding numeric grade (that is, Grade F-2H = Grade F-2) except for the higher guaranteed minimum UTS, and may be dual certified
with its corresponding numeric grade. Grade F-2H, F-7H, F-16H, and F-26H are intended primarily for pressure vessel use.
C
The H grades were added in response to a user association request based on its study of over 5200 commercial Grade 2, 7, 16, and 26 test reports where over 99%
met the 58 ksi minimum UTS.
D
Properties for material in transformed-beta condition.
E
Properties for material in the solution treated condition.
F
Properties for solution treated and aged condition-Moderate strength (determined by aging temperature).
G
Properties for solution treated and aged condition-High Strength (determined by aging temperature).
H
For product section or wall thickness values <1.0 in.
I
For product section or wall thickness values$1.0 in.
B381−21
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
A,B,C
Composition, Weight Percent
Other Other
Elem- Elem-
Oxygen Iron ents, ents,
UNS Carbon, range Nitrogen,Hydrogen, range max. max.
Grade Number max. or max. max. max. or max. Aluminum Vanadium Palladium Ruthenium Nickel Molybdenum Chromium Cobalt Zirconium Niobium Tin Silicon each total
F-1 R50250 0.08 0.18 0.03 0.015 0.20 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4
F-2/ R50400 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4
F-2H
F-3 R50550 0.08 0.35 0.05 0.015 0.30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4
F-4 R50700 0.08 0.40 0.05 0.015 0.50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4
F-5 R56400 0.08 0.20 0.05 0.015 0.40 5.5- 3.5- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
6.75 4.5
F-6 R54520 0.08 0.20 0.03 0.015 0.50 4.0- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.0- -- 0.1 0.4
6.0 3.0
F-7/ R52400 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.30 - - - - 0.12- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
F-7H 0.25
F-9 R56320 0.08 0.15 0.03 0.015 0.25 2.5- 2.0- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
3.5 3.0
F-11 R52250 0.08 0.18 0.03 0.015 0.20 - - - - 0.12- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.25
F-12 R53400 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.30 - - - - - - - - 0.6- 0.2- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.9 0.4
F-13 R53413 0.08 0.10 0.03 0.015 0.20 - - - - - - 0.04- 0.4- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.06 0.6
F-14 R53414 0.08 0.15 0.03 0.015 0.30 - - - - - - 0.04- 0.4- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.06 0.6
F-15 R53415 0.08 0.25 0.05 0.015 0.30 - - - - - - 0.04- 0.4- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.06 0.6
F-16/ R52402 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.30 - - - - 0.04- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
F-16H 0.08
F-17 R52252 0.08 0.18 0.03 0.015 0.20 - - - - 0.04- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.08
F-18 R56322 0.08 0.15 0.03 0.015 0.25 2.5- 2.0- 0.04- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
3.5 3.0 0.08
F-19 R58640 0.05 0.12 0.03 0.02 0.30 3.0- 7.5- -- -- -- 3.5- 5.5- - - 3.5- -- -- -- 0.15 0.4
4.0 8.5 4.5 6.5 4.5
F-20 R58645 0.05 0.12 0.03 0.02 0.30 3.0- 7.5- 0.04- -- -- 3.5- 5.5- - - 3.5- -- -- -- 0.15 0.4
4.0 8.5 0.08 4.5 6.5 4.5
F-21 R58210 0.05 0.17 0.03 0.015 0.40 2.5- -- -- -- -- 14.0- -- -- -- 2.2- - - 0.15- 0.1 0.4
3.5 16.0 3.2 0.25
F-23 R56407 0.08 0.13 0.03 0.0125 0.25 5.5- 3.5- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
6.5 4.5
F-24 R56405 0.08 0.20 0.05 0.015 0.40 5.5- 3.5- 0.04- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
6.75 4.5 0.08
F-25 R56403 0.08 0.20 0.05 0.015 0.40 5.5- 3.5- 0.04- - - 0.3- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
6.75 4.5 0.08 0.8
F-26/ R52404 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.30 - - - - - - 0.08- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
F-16H 0.14
F-27 R52254 0.08 0.18 0.03 0.015 0.20 - - - - - - 0.08- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.14
F-28 R56323 0.08 0.15 0.03 0.015 0.25 2.5- 2.0- - - 0.08- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
3.5 3.0 0.14
F-29 R56404 0.08 0.13 0.03 0.0125 0.25 5.5- 3.5- - - 0.08- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
6.5 4.5 0.14
F-30 R53530 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.30 - - - - 0.04- -- -- -- -- 0.20- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.4
0.08 0.80
B381−21
TABLE2 Continued
A,B,C
Composition, Weight Percent
Other Other
Elem- Elem-
Oxygen Iron ents, ent
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B381 − 13 (Reapproved 2019) B381 − 21
Standard Specification for
Titanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers 39 grades of annealed titanium and titanium alloy forgings as follows:
1.1.1 Grade F-1—UNS R50250. Unalloyed titanium,
1.1.2 Grade F-2—UNS R50400. Unalloyed titanium,
1.1.2.1 Grade F-2H—UNS R50400. Unalloyed titanium (Grade 2 with 58 ksi (400 MPa) minimum UTS),
1.1.3 Grade F-3—UNS R50550. Unalloyed titanium,
1.1.4 Grade F-4—UNS R50700. Unalloyed titanium,
1.1.5 Grade F-5—UNS R56400. Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium),
1.1.6 Grade F-6—UNS R54520. Titanium alloy (5 % aluminum, 2.5 % tin),
1.1.7 Grade F-7—UNS R52400. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 % palladium,
1.1.7.1 Grade F-7H—UNS R52400. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 % palladium (Grade 7 with 58 ksi (400 MPa) minimum
UTS),
1.1.8 Grade F-9—UNS R56320. Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium),
1.1.9 Grade F-11—UNS R52250. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 % palladium,
1.1.10 Grade F-12—UNS R53400. Titanium alloy (0.3 % molybdenum, 0.8 % nickel),
1.1.11 Grade F-13—UNS R53413. Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium),
1.1.12 Grade F-14—UNS R53414. Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium),
1.1.13 Grade F-15—UNS R53415. Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium),
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
B10.01 on Titanium.
Current edition approved July 1, 2019Nov. 1, 2021. Published July 2019November 2021. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 20132019 as
B381 – 13.B381 – 13 (2019). DOI: 10.1520/B0381-13R19.10.1520/B0381-21.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SB-381 in Section II of that Code.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B381 − 21
1.1.14 Grade F-16—UNS R52402. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,
1.1.14.1 Grade F-16H—UNS R52402. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium (Grade 16 with 58 ksi (400 MPa)
minimum UTS),
1.1.15 Grade F-17—UNS R52252. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,
1.1.16 Grade F-18—UNS R56322. Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium) plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,
1.1.17 Grade F-19—UNS R58640. Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 % vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 %
molybdenum),
1.1.18 Grade F-20—UNS R58645. Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 % vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 %
molybdenum) plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,
1.1.19 Grade F-21—UNS R58210. Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.7 % niobium, 15 % molybdenum, 0.25 % silicon),
1.1.20 Grade F-23—UNS R56407. Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium, extra low interstitials, ELI),
1.1.21 Grade F-24—UNS R56405. Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium) plus 0.04 to 0.08 % palladium,
1.1.22 Grade F-25—UNS R56403. Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium) plus 0.3 to 0.8 % nickel and 0.04 to 0.08 %
palladium,
1.1.23 Grade F-26—UNS R52404. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium,
1.1.23.1 Grade F-26H—UNS R52404. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium (Grade 26 with 58 ksi (400 MPa)
minimum UTS),
1.1.24 Grade F-27—UNS R52254. Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium,
1.1.25 Grade F-28—UNS R56323. Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium plus 0.08 to 0.14 % ruthenium),
1.1.26 Grade F-29—UNS R56404. Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI plus 0.08 to 0.14 %
ruthenium),
1.1.27 Grade F-30—UNS R53530. Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 % palladium),
1.1.28 Grade F-31—UNS R53532. Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 % palladium),
1.1.29 Grade F-32—UNS R55111. Titanium alloy (5 % aluminum, 1 % vanadium, 1 % tin, 1 % zirconium, 0.8 % molybdenum),
1.1.30 Grade F-33—UNS R53442. Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 % palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium),
1.1.31 Grade F-34—UNS R53445. Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 % palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium),
1.1.32 Grade F-35—UNS R56340. Titanium alloy (4.5 % aluminum, 2 % molybdenum, 1.6 % vanadium, 0.5 % iron, 0.3 %
silicon),
1.1.33 Grade F-36—UNS R58450. Titanium alloy (45 % niobium),
1.1.34 Grade F-37—UNS R52815. Titanium alloy (1.5 % aluminum), and
1.1.35 Grade F-38—UNS R54250. Titanium alloy (4 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium, 1.5 % iron).
NOTE 1—H grade material is identical to the corresponding numeric grade (that is, Grade 2H = Grade 2) except for the higher guaranteed minimum UTS,
and may always be certified as meeting the requirements of its corresponding numeric grade. Grades 2H, 7H, 16H, and 26H are intended primarily for
pressure vessel use.
B381 − 21
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B348 Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials [Metric] E0008_E0008M
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E539 Test Method for Analysis of Titanium Alloys by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
E1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion
E1447 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion Thermal
Conductivity/Infrared Detection Method
E1941 Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by Combustion Analysis
E2371 Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Direct Current Plasma and Inductively Coupled Plasma
Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-Based Test Methodology)
E2626 Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive and Refractory Metals (Withdrawn 2017)
E2994 Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry and Glow Discharge
Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-Based Method)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 bar, n—a hot rolled, forged or cold worked semifinished solid section product whose cross sectional area is less than 16 in.
(10 323 mm ).
3.1.2 billet, n—a solid semifinished section, hot rolled or forged from an ingot, with a cross sectional area greater than 16 in.16 in.
(10 323 mm ).
3.1.3 forging, n—any product of work on metal formed to a desired shape by impact or pressure in hammers, forging machines,
upsetters presses or related forming equipment.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for forgings under this specification shall include the following information, as applicable:
4.1.1 Grade number (Section 1),
4.1.2 Tensile properties (Table 1),
4.1.3 Dimensions and tolerances (Section 10),
4.1.4 Sampling, mechanical properties (Section 8),
4.1.5 Methods for chemical analysis (Sectionif 6),different from those listed in 2.0,
4.1.6 Marking (Section 17),
4.1.7 Packaging (Section 17),
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
B381 − 21
A
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements
Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength (0.2 % Offset), min or Range
Elongation in 4D, Reduction of Area,
Grade
min, % min, %
ksi (MPa) ksi (MPa)
F-1 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30
F-2 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
B,C
F-2H 58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30
F-3 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30
F-4 80 (550) 70 (483) 15 25
F-5 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25
F-6 120 (828) 115 (795) 10 25
F-7 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
B,C
F-7H 58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30
F-9 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25
D
F-9 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25
F-11 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30
F-12 70 (483) 50 (345) 18 25
F-13 40 (275) 25 (170) 24 30
F-14 60 (410) 40 (275) 20 30
F-15 70 (483) 55 (380) 18 25
F-16 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
B,C
F-16H 58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30
F-17 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30
F-18 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25
D
F-18 90 (620) 70 (483) 12 20
E
F-19 115 (793) 110 (759) 15 25
F
F-19 135 (930) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 20
G
F-19 165 (1138) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 5 20
E
F-20 115 (793) 110 (759) 15 25
F
F-20 135 (930) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 20
G
F-20 165 (1138) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 5 20
E
F-21 115 (793) 110 (759) 15 35
F
F-21 140 (966) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 30
G
F-21 170 (1172) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 8 20
F-23 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25
D H I
F-23 120 (828) 110 (759) 7.5 , 6.0 25
F-24 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25
F-25 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25
F-26 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
B,C
F-26H 58 (400) 40 (275) 20 30
F-27 35 (240) 20 (138) 24 30
F-28 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25
D
F-28 90 (620) 70 (483) 12 20
F-29 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25
D H I
F-29 120 (828) 110 (759) 7.5 , 6.0 15
F-30 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
F-31 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30
F-32 100 (689) 85 (586) 10 25
F-33 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
F-34 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30
F-35 130 (895) 120 (828) 5 20
F-35 130 (895) 120 (828) 5 20
F-36 65 (450) 60 to 95 (410 to 655) 10 .
F-37 50 (345) 31 (215) 20 30
F-38 130 (895) 115 (794) 10 25
A 2 2
These properties apply to forgings having a cross section no greater than 3 in. (1935 mm ). Mechanical properties of forgings having greater cross sections shall be
negotiated between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
B
Material is identical to the corresponding numeric grade (that is, Grade F-2H = Grade F-2) except for the higher guaranteed minimum UTS, and may be dual certified
with its corresponding numeric grade. Grade F-2H, F-7H, F-16H, and F-26H are intended primarily for pressure vessel use.
C
The H grades were added in response to a user association request based on its study of over 5200 commercial Grade 2, 7, 16, and 26 test reports where over 99 %
met the 58 ksi minimum UTS.
D
Properties for material in transformed-beta condition.
E
Properties for material in the solution treated condition.
F
Properties for solution treated and aged condition-Moderate strength (determined by aging temperature).
G
Properties for solution treated and aged condition-High Strength (determined by aging temperature).
H
For product section or wall thickness values <1.0 in.
I
For product section or wall thickness values $1.0 in.
B381 − 21
4.1.8 Certification (Section 16),
4.1.9 Disposition of rejected material (Section 14), and
4.1.10 Supplementary requirements (S1).
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Material conforming to the latest revision of Specification B348 shall be used when producing forgings to this specification.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The grades of titanium and titanium alloy metal covered by this specification shall conform to the requirements as to chemical
composition prescribed in Table 2.
6.1.1 The elements listed in Table 2 are intentional alloy additions or elements which are inherent to the manufacturer of titanium
sponge, ingot or mill product.
6.1.1.1 Elements other than those listed in Table 2 are deemed to be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Table 2 by and
only by way of unregulated or unanalyzed scrap additions to the ingot melt. Therefore, product analysis for elements not listed in
Table 2 shall not be required unless specified and shall be considered to be in excess of the intent of this specification.
6.1.2 Elements intentionally added to the melt must be identified, analyzed, and reported in the chemical analysis.
6.2 When agreed upon by the producer and purchaser and requested by the purchaser in his written purchase order, chemical
analysis shall be completed for specific residual elements not listed in this specification.
6.3 Product Analysis—Product analysis tolerances do not broaden the specified heat analysis requirements, but cover variations
between laboratories in the measurement of chemical content. The manufacturer shall not ship material which is outside the limits
specified in Table 2 for the applicable grade. Product analysis limits shall be as specified in Table 3.
6.4 Sampling—Samples for chemical analysis shall be representative of material being tested. Except for hydrogen and unless
otherwise specified, chemical analysis of ingot or billet shall be reported. Samples for hydrogen determination shall be obtained
from the forgings on a test basis and a frequency as agreed upon between the forger and the purchaser. The utmost care must be
used in sampling titanium for chemical analysis because of its great affinity for elements such as oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen.
Therefore, the cutting and handling of samples should include practices that will prevent contamination. Samples shall be collected
from clean metal.
6.5 At least two samples for chemical analysis shall be tested to determine chemical composition. Samples shall be taken from
opposite extremes of the product to be analyzed.For chemical composition, at a minimum the analysis of samples corresponding
to positions representing the top and bottom of the ingot shall be completed and reported.
NOTE 2—If chemical composition sampling is not done until the ingot is converted into billets, bars, or forgings etc., samples from opposite ends of these
products corresponding to the top and bottom of the ingot may be used.
7. Methods of Chemical Analysis
7.1 The chemical analysis shall normally be conducted using the ASTM standard test methods referenced in 2.1. Other industry
standard methods may be used where the ASTM test methods in 2.1 do not adequately cover the elements in the material or by
agreement between the producer and purchaser. Alternate techniques are discussed in Guide E2626.
8. Mechanical Properties
8.1 Forgings supplied under this specification shall conform to the requirements as to mechanical properties specified in Table 1,
as applicable.
B381 − 21
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
A,B,C,D,E
Composition, Weight Percent
Other Other
Elements,Elem-Elements,Elem-
Oxygen Iron ents, ents,
UNS Carbon, range Nitrogen,Hydrogen, range max. max.
Grade Number max. or max. max. max. or max. Aluminum Vanadium Palladium Ruthenium Nickel Molybdenum Chromium Cobalt Zirconium Niobium Tin Silicon each total
F-1 R50250 0.08 0.18 0.03 0.015 0.20 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4
F-2/ R50400 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4
F-2H
F-3 R50550 0.08 0.35 0.05 0.015 0.30 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4
F-4 R50700 0.08 0.40 0.05 0.015 0.50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4
F-5 R56400 0.08 0.20 0.05 0.015 0.40 5.5- 3.5- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4
6.75 4.5
F-6 R54520 0.08 0.20 0.03 0.015 0.50 4.0- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2.0- - - 0.1 0.4
6.0 3.0
F-7/ R52400 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.30 - - - - 0.12- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4
F-7H 0.25
F-9 R56320 0.08 0.15 0.03 0.015 0.25 2.5- 2.0- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4
3.5 3.0
F-11 R52250 0.08 0.18 0.03 0.015 0.20 - - - - 0.12- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4
0.25
F-12 R53400 0.08 0.25 0.03 0.015 0.30 - - - - - - - -
...