ASTM E1409-08

Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Technique

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is primarily intended as a test for compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed that all who use this test method will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that the work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of oxygen in titanium and titanium alloys in concentrations from 0.01 % to 0.5 % and the determination of nitrogen in titanium and titanium alloys in concentrations from 0.003 % to 0.11 %.
1.2 The values stated in both inch-pound and SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 8.8.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Jun-2008
• ICS: 77.120.50 - Titanium and titanium alloys
• Technical Committee: E01 - Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Drafting Committee: E01.06 - Ti, Zr, W, Mo, Ta, Nb, Hf, Re

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1409-05 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Technique
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F1295-23 - Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6Aluminum-7Niobium Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R56700)
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM B338-17(2021) - Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchangers
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F2063-18 - Standard Specification for Wrought Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys for Medical Devices and Surgical Implants
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F2146-22 - Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-3Aluminum-2.5Vanadium Alloy Seamless Tubing for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R56320)
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F468-23 - Standard Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, Socket Head Cap Screws, and Studs for General Use
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F2924-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing Titanium-6 Aluminum-4 Vanadium with Powder Bed Fusion
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F467-13(2018) - Standard Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General Use
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F1813-21 - Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-12Molybdenum-6Zirconium-2Iron Alloy for Surgical Implant (UNS R58120)
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM B988-18(2022) - Standard Specification for Powder Metallurgy (PM) Titanium and Titanium Alloy Structural Components
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F468M-06(2018) - Standard Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, and Studs for General Use (Metric)
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F67-13(2017) - Standard Specification for Unalloyed Titanium, for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R50250, UNS R50400, UNS R50550, UNS R50700)
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F3001-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing Titanium-6 Aluminum-4 Vanadium ELI (Extra Low Interstitial) with Powder Bed Fusion
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F2989-21 - Standard Specification for Metal Injection Molded Unalloyed Titanium Components for Surgical Implant Applications
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F90-23 - Standard Specification for Wrought Cobalt-20Chromium-15Tungsten-10Nickel Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R30605)
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1409 − 08
StandardTest Method for
Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and
1
Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Technique
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1409; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Evaluate the Performance of an Analytical Method
E1914 Practice for Use of Terms Relating to the Develop-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of oxygen in
ment and Evaluation of Methods for Chemical Analysis
titanium and titanium alloys in concentrations from 0.01 % to
0.5 % and the determination of nitrogen in titanium and
3. Terminology
titanium alloys in concentrations from 0.003 % to 0.11 %.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
1.2 The values stated in both inch-pound and SI units are to
method, refer to Terminology E135 and Practice E1914.
be regarded separately as the standard. The values given in
parentheses are for information only.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 This test method is intended for use with automated,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
commercially available, inert gas fusion analyzers. These
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
analyzers typically measure both oxygen and nitrogen simul-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
taneously or sequentially utilizing parallel measurement sys-
statements are given in 8.8.
tems.
4.2 The test sample, plus flux, is fused in a graphite crucible
2. Referenced Documents
under a flowing inert gas stream (argon, helium) at a tempera-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ture sufficient to release oxygen and nitrogen. Oxygen com-
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-
bines with carbon to form carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen
erations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and
is released as N . Depending on instrument design, the CO is
2
Related Materials
oxidized to carbon dioxide (CO ) or left as CO and swept by
2
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
the inert gas stream into either an infrared or thermal conduc-
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
tivity detector. The detector output is compared to that of
E173 Practice for Conducting Interlaboratory Studies of
reference materials and the result is displayed as percent
Methods for Chemical Analysis of Metals (Withdrawn
oxygen. The nitrogen is swept by the inert gas stream (helium
3
1998)
gas)intoathermalconductivitydetector.Thedetectorresponse
E882 Guide for Accountability and Quality Control in the
is compared to that of reference materials and the result is
Chemical Analysis Laboratory
displayed as percent nitrogen.
E1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur,
Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt
4.3 Inatypicalinstrumentforthedeterminationofnitrogen,
Alloys by Various Combustion and Fusion Techniques
the sample gases are swept with inert gas through heated rare
E1601 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
earth/copper oxide that converts CO to CO and hydrogen (H )
2 2
to water (H O). The CO is absorbed on sodium hydroxide
2 2
impregnated on clay, and the H O is removed with magnesium
2
1
E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the
perchlorate. The nitrogen, as N , enters the measuring cell and
2
direct responsibility of Subcommittee E01.06 on Ti, Zr, W, Mo, Ta, Nb, Hf, Re.
the thermistor bridge output is integrated and processed to
Current edition approved June 15, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally
display percent oxygen.
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E1409 – 05. DOI:
10.1520/E1409-08.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5. Significance and Use
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
5.1 This test method is primarily intended as a test for
the ASTM website.
3
compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. that all who use this test method will be trained analysts
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1409 − 08
capable of performing common laboratory procedures skill- 8.8 Titanium Sample Pickle Solut
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E1409–05 Designation:E1409–08
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and
1
Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Technique
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1409; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of oxygen in titanium and titanium alloys in concentrations from 0.01 % to
0.33%0.5 % and the determination of nitrogen in titanium and titanium alloys in concentrations from 0.003 % to 0.11%. 0.11 %.
1.2 The values stated in both inch-pound and SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values given in
parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionarywarning statements are given in 8.8.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related
Materials
E 135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
3
E 173 Practice for Conducting Interlaboratory Studies of Methods for Chemical Analysis of Metals
E 882 Guide for Accountability and Quality Control in the Chemical Analysis Laboratory
E 1019Test Method for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel and in Iron Test Methods for
Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel and in Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys
E 1601 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Evaluate the Performance of an Analytical Method
E 1914 Practice for Use of Terms Relating to the Development and Evaluation of Methods for Chemical Analysis
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this method, refer to Terminology E 135 and E1914and Practice E 1914.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method is intended for use with automated, commercially available, inert gas fusion analyzers. These analyzers
typically measure both oxygen and nitrogen simultaneously or sequentially utilizing parallel measurement systems.
4.2 The test sample, plus flux, is fused in a graphite crucible under a flowing inert gas stream (Ar, He)(argon, helium) at a
temperature sufficient to release oxygen and nitrogen. Oxygen combines with carbon to form carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen
is released as N . Depending on instrument design, the CO is oxidized to carbon dioxide (CO ) or left as CO and swept by the
2 2
inert gas stream into either an infrared or thermal conductivity detector. The detector output is compared to that of reference
materials and the result is displayed as percent oxygen. The nitrogen is swept by the inert gas stream (helium gas) into a thermal
conductivity detector. The detector response is compared to that of reference materials and the result is displayed as percent
nitrogen.
4.3 In a typical instrument for the determination of nitrogen, the sample gases are swept with inert gas through heated rare
earth/copper oxide that converts CO to CO and H to H O. The CO is absorbed on sodium
2 and hydrogen (H ) to water (H O). The CO
2 2 2
hydroxide impregnated on clay, and the H O is removed with magnesium perchlorate. The nitrogen, as N , enters the measuring
2 2
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E01 onAnalytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E01.06 on Ti, Zr, W, Mo, Ta, Nb, Hf.
Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E1409–04.
1
E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E01.06 on Ti, Zr, W, Mo, Ta, Nb, Hf, Re.
Current edition approved June 15, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E 1409 – 05.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume in
...