ASTM F2071-00(2011)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Switch, Position Proximity (Noncontact) or Limit (Mechanical Contact), Fiber-Optic
Standard Specification for Switch, Position Proximity (Noncontact) or Limit (Mechanical Contact), Fiber-Optic
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for the proximity and limit of fiber-optic position switches. This specification does not include switches that transfer an optical signal from one path to another by an external force or energy applied to the switch. The fiber-optic switches meet physical property requirements stipulated for enclosure, optoelectronic module, external configuration, and size and weight. The switches shall also adhere to minimum specified service life requiements. Other critical performance requirements shall be specified in the acquisition order as deemed important to the purchaser.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fiber-optic position switches (proximity and limit). This specification does not include switches that transfer an optical signal from one path to another by an external force or energy applied to the switch.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. Where information is to be specified, it shall be stated in SI units.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 Special requirements for naval shipboard applications are included in the Supplement.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F2071 −00 (Reapproved 2011) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Switch, Position Proximity (Noncontact) or Limit
(Mechanical Contact), Fiber-Optic
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2071; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 closed switch with positive alarm—the light path is
complete. Signal level indicates that the end faces of the
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fiber-
sensing element are dirty and require maintenance for contin-
optic position switches (proximity and limit). This specifica-
ued proper operation.
tion does not include switches that transfer an optical signal
fromonepathtoanotherbyanexternalforceorenergyapplied
3.1.3 fiber-optic position switch—a device that converts
to the switch.
measured position, via changes in fiber-optic properties, to an
output that is a function of the applied measurand. The
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to regarded as the
fiber-optic position switch normally consists of a sensor head,
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
optoelectronics module, and connectorized fiber-optic cable.
only. Where information is to be specified, it shall be stated in
SI units.
3.1.4 limit switch—aswitchthatsensesachangeinposition
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the via mechanical contact.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.5 open switch—the light path is blocked; signal from
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
transmitter to receiver is not complete.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.6 optical transmittance change—the change in optical
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
power level introduced by an environmental, mechanical, or
1.4 Special requirements for naval shipboard applications
other induced stress.
are included in the Supplement.
3.1.7 optoelectronics module—unit of the fiber-optic posi-
2. Referenced Documents
tion switch that contains the optical transmitter and receiver,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and signal conditioning electronics, necessary to convert the
D3951Practice for Commercial Packaging
sensed position to the specified output signal. The optoelec-
2.2 ISO Standards: tronicsmodulemaybeanexpansioncardforamicroprocessor-
based system, or a stand-alone unit.
ISO 9001Quality System—Model for QualityAssurance in
Design/Development, Production, Installation, and Ser-
3.1.8 proximity switch—a switch that senses a change in
vicing
position via noncontact means.
3. Terminology 3.1.9 sensor head—unit of the fiber-optic position switch
that detects position via changes in optical properties. The
3.1 Definitions:
optoelectronics module interrogates the sensor head to deter-
3.1.1 closed switch—the light path is complete; signal from
mine the position of the measurand. An optical signal is
transmitter to receiver is complete.
transmitted from the optoelectronics module to the sensor
head.Theopticalpathiseithercompleteorblocked,depending
on the status of the item being measured, giving an indication
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F25 on Ships
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.10 on of the position or status of the item back to the optoelectronics
Electrical.
module.
Current edition approved April 1, 2011. Published April 2011. Originally
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F2071–00(2006).
3.1.10 steady-state supply voltage—an input voltage that
DOI: 10.1520/F2071-00R11.
does not deviate from a specified nominal tolerance (for
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
example, 65%).
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
3.1.11 tether valve limit switch—a limit switch used to
the ASTM website.
detect valve position via a tether line connected to the valve
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de
Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland. handle.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2071−00 (2011)
3.1.12 transient supply voltage—avoltagesuperimposedon (2)Manufacturer’s part number,
thesteady-statesupplyvoltagethatisgreaterthanthespecified (3)Switch type required (see 4.3),
steady-state tolerance and has a very rapid rise and fall. (4)Unique or special enclosure requirements (see 7.1),
(5)Type of optoelectronics module (see 7.2). If control
4. Classification
enclosure or console mounted, specify requirements,
4.1 Designation—Most switch manufacturers use designa-
(6)Length of fiber-optic cable required,
tions, systematic numbering or identifying codes. Once under-
(7)Type of electrical connection (see 7.4),
stood, these designations could aid the purchaser in quickly
(8)Whentheelectricalconnectionmatingplugisnottobe
identifying the switch type, electrical power ratings, and other
provided (see 7.4),
characteristics.
(9)System operating characteristics,
(10)Materials,
4.2 Design—Fiber-optic position switches typically consist
(11)Environmental requirements,
of an assembly with three major components: optical sensor
(12)Quantity of switches required,
head, fiber-optic cables, and optoelectronics module. The
(13)Size and weight restrictions (see 7.5),
optoelectronics module shall be interchangeable between any
(14)Critical service life requirements (see 8.1),
of the sensor types.
(15)Performance requirements (see 8.2),
4.3 Types—The following are common types of fiber-optic
(16)Special surface finish requirements (see 9.1),
position switches:
(17)Special workmanship requirements (see 9.2),
Proximity
(18)When certification is required (see 13),
Limit, pin actuated
(19)Special marking requirements (see 14),
Limit, lever actuated
(20)Special packaging or package marking requirements
Limit, lever and roller
(see 15),
Limit, tether valve
(21)When ISO 9001 quality assurance system is not
4.3.1 Fiber-Optic Proximity Switches—The fiber-optic
required (see 16.1), and
proximity switch sensor head receives the light beam from the
(22)Special warranty requirements (see 16.1).
light source in the optoelectronics module via a fiber-optic
cable.The sensor head emits the light beam to detect an object
6. Materials and Manufacture
in a specific location. The sensor head also receives the light
beam reflection from the object, typically via a wide angle
6.1 Position Switches—Materialsforthefiber-opticposition
receiving lens, and is detected by the light beam receiving
switchesshallbecorrosionresistantandnoncombustibleorfire
device in the optoelectronics module. When the object moves
retardant.
into the sensing site, the light beam is reflected into the
receiving lens completing the fiber-optic light path. It is
7. Physical Properties
important to consider contrasting light levels between reflec-
7.1 Enclosure—If case sealing is required, the mechanism,
tionsfrombackgroundobjectswhennoobjecttobedetectedis
materials, and process shall be described. The same should
present and reflections from the object to be detected, when
apply to the electrical connector. Resistance to cleaning sol-
selecting a fiber-optic proximity switch.
vents should likewise be stated. Unique or special enclosure
4.3.2 Fiber-Optic Limit Switches —The fiber-optic limit
requirements shall be specified in the acquisition requirements
switch sensor head houses the mechanical contact device that
(see 5.2).
sensesthepositionoftheobjecttobedetected.Themechanical
contact device is typically a pin or plunger, lever, roller, lever
7.2 Optoelectronics Module—The optoelectronics module
and roller, or tether valve. The fiber-optic limit switch sensor
shall contain the optical and signal conditioner devices neces-
head receives the light beam from the light source in the
sarytoconvertthesensorheadoutputtothespecifiedelectrical
optoelectronics module via a fiber-optic cable. The same
output. Optoelectronics modules shall be designed in consid-
fiber-optic cable allows completion of the light path to a
eration of their mounting method (type): bulkhead mounted,
fiber-optic receiver in the optoelectronics module. Dependent
control enclosure mounted, or console mounted (microproces-
upon the configuration of the switch, the mechanical contact
sor expansion card).
device either completes or breaks the light path upon detection
7.3 External Configuration—The outline drawing shall
of the object.
show the configuration with dimensions in SI units (inch-
5. Ordering Information
poundunits)iftheyarenotspecified.Theoutlinedrawingshall
include limiting dimensions for electrical and fiber-optic con-
5.1 The purchaser should provide the manufacturer with all
nections if they are not specified. The outline drawing shall
of the pertinent application data. Recommended data is shown
indicate the mounting method with hole size, center location,
in 5.2. If special application operating conditions exist that are
andotherpertinentdimensions.Wherethreadedholesareused,
not shown in the acquisition requirements, they should also be
thread specifications shall be provided.
described.
5.2 Acquisition Requirements—Acquisition documents 7.4 Electrical Connection—An electrical interface connec-
should specify the following: tor receptacle and mating plug shall be provided with each
(1)Title, number, and date of this specification, optoelectronicsmoduleofthepositionswitchunlessotherwise
F2071−00 (2011)
specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2). Other tested, provided the electrical, optical, and mechanical simi-
possible electrical interface connections include pigtails and larities are approved by the purchaser. It is recommended that
terminal boards. one unit be tested for each switch configuration regardless of
design similarity.
7.5 Size and Weight—The purchaser may have intended
applications in which size and weight are limited. Size and
11. Inspection
weightrestrictionsshallbespecifiedintheacquisitionrequire-
11.1 Classification of Inspections —The inspection require-
ments (see 5.2).
ments specified herein are classified as follows:
(1)First-article tests (see 11.2)
8. Performance Requirements
(2)Conformance tests (see 11.3)
8.1 Service Life—The purchaser may have a minimum
11.2 First-Article Tests—First-articletestrequirementsshall
specified service life requirement that may be critical. Critical
bespecified,whereapplicable.First-articletestmethodsshould
service life requirements shall be specified in the acquisition
be identified for each design and performance characteristic
requirements (see 5.2).
specified.
8.2 Switch Performance—Critical performance require-
11.3 Conformance Tests—Conformance testing is accom-
ments shall be specified in the acquisition requirements (see
plished when first-article tests were satisfied by a previous
5.2). The following performance characteristics and environ-
acquisition or the product has demonstrated reliability in
mental exposures may or may not be important to each
similar applications. Conformance tests are usually less inten-
purchaser’s intended application.
sive than first-article tests, often verifying that samples of a
(1)Warm-up time,
production lot meet a few critical performance requirements.
(2)Steady-state supply voltage and frequency (ac),
(3)Steady-state supply voltage (dc),
12. Test Data
(4)Response time,
12.1 Test Data—Test data shall remain on file at the manu-
(5)Transient supply voltage and frequency (ac),
facturer’s facility for review by the purchaser upon request. It
(6)Transient supply voltage (dc),
isrecommendedthattestdataberetainedinthemanufacturer’s
(7)Change in optical transmittance,
filesforatleastthreeyearsoraperiodoftimeacceptabletothe
(8)Dynamic range,
purchaser and manufacturer.
(9)Ambient light susceptibility,
(10)Temperature,
13. Certification
(11)Humidity,
13.1 When specified in the acquisition requirements (see
(12)Salt spray,
5.2), the purchaser shall be furnished certification that samples
(13)Insulation resistance,
representing each lot have been either tested or inspected as
(14)Power interruption,
directed in this specification and the requirements have been
(15)Short circuit,
met.
(16)Line voltage reversal (dc powered),
(17)Output,
14. Product Marking
(18)Mechanical life,
14.1 Special purchaser specified product marking shall be
(19)Enclosure,
listed in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2). The minimum
(20)Vibration,
data to be clearly marked on each switch shall include the
(21)Shock,
following:
(22)Electromagnetic interference (EMI), and
14.1.1 Sensor Head:
(23)Power system harmonic distortion.
(1) “FIBER-OPTIC POSITIONS SWITCH—SENSOR
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance HEAD,”
(2)Manufacturer’s name,
9.1 Finish and Appearance—Any special surface finish and
(3)Manufacturer’s serial number or lot number, and
appearance requirements shall be specified in the acquisition
(4)Manufacturer’s part number.
requirements (see 5.2).
14.1.2 Optoelectronics Module:
9.2 Workmanship—Any special workmanship requirements
(1) “FIBER-OPTIC POSITION SWITCH—
shall be specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2).
OPTOELECTRONICS MODULE”
(2)Manufacturer’s name,
10. Number of Tests and Retests
(3)Manufacturer’s serial number or lot number,
10.1 The number of test specimens to be subjected to (4)Manufacturer’s part number, and
first-articleandconformancetestsshallbespecifiedandshould (5)Excitation voltage.
depend on the fiber-optic position switch design.As guidance,
15. Packaging and Package Marking
foreachswitchcoveredbyaseparateanddistinctdesign,atest
specimenforeachdesignshouldrequiretesting.Ininstancesin 15.1 Packaging of Product for Delivery—Productshouldbe
which a singular design series may cover multiple switch packagedandmarkedforshipmentinaccordancewithPractice
configurations, a minimum of three test specimens should be D3951.
F2071−00 (2011)
15.2 Special packaging or package marking requirements 16.2 Responsibility for Warranty—Unless otherwise speci-
for shipment or storage shall be identified in the acquisition fied, the manufacturer is responsible for the following:
(1)All materials used to produce a unit and
requirements (see 5.2).
(2)Workmanship to produce the unit.
Special warranty requirements shall be specified in the
16. Quality Assurance
acquisition
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