ASTM E2618-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Particulate Emissions and Heating Efficiency of Solid Fuel-Fired Hydronic Heating Appliances
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Particulate Emissions and Heating Efficiency of Solid Fuel-Fired Hydronic Heating Appliances
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The measurement of particulate matter emission rates is an important test method widely used in the practice of air pollution control.
5.1.1 These measurements, when approved by federal or state agencies, are often required for the purpose of determining compliance with regulations and statutes.
5.1.2 The measurements made before and after design modifications are necessary to demonstrate the effectiveness of design changes in reducing emissions and make this standard an important tool in manufacturer’s research and development programs.
5.2 Measurement of heating efficiency provides a uniform basis for comparison of product performance that is useful to the consumer. It is also required to relate emissions produced to the useful heat production.
5.3 This is a laboratory method and is not intended to be fully representative of all actual field use. It is recognized that users of hand-fired wood burning equipment have a great deal of influence over the performance of any wood-burning appliance. Some compromises in realism have been made in the interest of providing a reliable and repeatable test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method applies to wood-fired or automatically fed biomass burning hydronic heating appliances. These appliances transfer heat to the indoor environment through circulation of a liquid heat exchange media such as water or a water-antifreeze mixture.
1.2 The test method simulates hand loading of seasoned cordwood or fueling with a specified biomass fuel and measures particulate emissions and delivered heating efficiency at specified heat output rates based on the appliance’s rated heating capacity.
1.3 Particulate emissions are measured by the dilution tunnel method as specified in Test Method E2515. Delivered efficiency is determined by measurement of the usable heat output (determined through measurement of the flow rate and temperature change of water circulated through a heat exchanger external to the appliance) and the heat input (determined from the mass of dry fuel burned and its higher heating value). Delivered efficiency does not attempt to account for pipeline loss.
1.4 Products covered by this test method include both pressurized and non-pressurized heating appliances intended to be fired with wood or automatically fed biomass fuels. These products are hydronic heating appliances which the manufacturer specifies for outdoor or indoor installation. They are often connected to a heat exchanger by insulated pipes and normally include a pump to circulate heated liquid. They are used to heat structures such as homes, barns, and greenhouses and can heat domestic hot water, spas, or swimming pools.
1.4.1 Hydronic heating systems that incorporate a high mass heat storage system that is capable of storing the entire heat output of a standard fuel load are tested by the procedure specified in Annex A1. Systems that incorporate high mass heat storage capable of storing a portion of the output from a standard fuel load are tested by the procedure specified in Annex A2.
1.5 Distinguishing features of products covered by this standard include:
1.5.1 Manufacturers specify indoor or outdoor installation.
1.5.2 A firebox with an access door for hand loading of fuel or a hopper and automated feed system for delivery of particulate fuel such as wood pellets or solid biomass fuel to a burn pot or combustion chamber.
1.5.3 Typically a thermostatic control device that controls combustion air supply or fuel delivery, or both, to maintain the liquid in the appliance within a predetermined temperature range provided sufficient fuel is available in the firebox or hopper.
1.5.4 A chimney or vent that exhausts combustion products from the appliance.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not con...
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Designation: E2618 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Particulate Emissions and Heating
1
Efficiency of Solid Fuel-Fired Hydronic Heating Appliances
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope heat storage capable of storing a portion of the output from a
standard fuel load are tested by the procedure specified in
1.1 This test method applies to wood-fired or automatically
Annex A2.
fed biomass burning hydronic heating appliances. These appli-
ances transfer heat to the indoor environment through circula- 1.5 Distinguishing features of products covered by this
standard include:
tion of a liquid heat exchange media such as water or a
water-antifreeze mixture.
1.5.1 Manufacturers specify indoor or outdoor installation.
1.5.2 Afirebox with an access door for hand loading of fuel
1.2 The test method simulates hand loading of seasoned
or a hopper and automated feed system for delivery of
cordwood or fueling with a specified biomass fuel and mea-
particulate fuel such as wood pellets or solid biomass fuel to a
sures particulate emissions and delivered heating efficiency at
burn pot or combustion chamber.
specified heat output rates based on the appliance’s rated
1.5.3 Typically a thermostatic control device that controls
heating capacity.
combustion air supply or fuel delivery, or both, to maintain the
1.3 Particulate emissions are measured by the dilution
liquid in the appliance within a predetermined temperature
tunnel method as specified in Test Method E2515. Delivered
range provided sufficient fuel is available in the firebox or
efficiency is determined by measurement of the usable heat
hopper.
output (determined through measurement of the flow rate and
1.5.4 Achimney or vent that exhausts combustion products
temperature change of water circulated through a heat ex-
from the appliance.
changer external to the appliance) and the heat input (deter-
mined from the mass of dry fuel burned and its higher heating
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
value). Delivered efficiency does not attempt to account for
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
pipeline loss.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
1.4 Products covered by this test method include both
1.6.1 Exception—Metric units are used in 13.1, 13.4.3,
pressurizedandnon-pressurizedheatingappliancesintendedto
Tables 4-6, and A1.11.6.
be fired with wood or automatically fed biomass fuels. These
products are hydronic heating appliances which the manufac-
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
turerspecifiesforoutdoororindoorinstallation.Theyareoften
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
connected to a heat exchanger by insulated pipes and normally
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
includeapumptocirculateheatedliquid.Theyareusedtoheat
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
structures such as homes, barns, and greenhouses and can heat
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
domestic hot water, spas, or swimming pools.
1.4.1 Hydronicheatingsystemsthatincorporateahighmass 2. Referenced Documents
heat storage system that is capable of storing the entire heat
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
output of a standard fuel load are tested by the procedure
D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
specified in Annex A1. Systems that incorporate high mass
ment of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.54
2
on Solid Fuel Burning Appliances. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2013. Published November 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E2618 – 09. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E2618-13. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E2618 − 13
E711 Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Refuse- 3.2.8 test run—an individual emission test which encom-
Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter (Withdrawn passes the time required to consu
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2618 − 09 E2618 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Particulate Emissions and Heating
Efficiency of Outdoor Solid Fuel-Fired Hydronic Heating
1
Appliances
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method applies to wood-fired or automatically fed biomass burning hydronic heating appliances, which the
manufacturer specifies for outdoor installation or in structures not normally occupied by humans. appliances. These appliances
transfer heat to the indoor environment through circulation of a liquid heat exchange media such as water or a water-antifreeze
mixture.
1.2 The test method simulates hand loading of seasoned cordwood or fueling with a specified biomass fuel and measures
particulate emissions and delivered heating efficiency at specified heat output rates based on the appliance’s rated heating capacity.
1.3 Particulate emissions are measured by the dilution tunnel method as specified in Test Method E2515. Delivered efficiency
is measureddetermined by determining measurement of the usable heat output (determined through measurement of the flow rate
and temperature change of water circulated through a heat exchanger external to the applianceappliance) and determining the heat
input (determined from the mass of dry fuel burned and its higher heating value.value). Delivered efficiency does not attempt to
account for pipeline loss.
1.4 Products covered by this test method include both pressurized and non-pressurized heating appliances intended to be fired
with wood or automatically fed biomass fuels. These products are hydronic heating appliances which the manufacturer specifies
for outdoor installation or in structures not normally occupied by humans. or indoor installation. They are often connected to an
indoor a heat exchanger by insulated pipes buried in the ground and normally include a pump to circulate heated liquid. They are
used to heat structures such as homes, barns, and greenhouses and can heat domestic hot water, spas, or swimming pools.
1.4.1 Hydronic heating systems that incorporate a high mass heat storage system that is capable of storing the entire heat output
of a standard fuel load are tested by the procedure specified in Annex A1. Systems that incorporate high mass heat storage capable
of storing a portion of the output from a standard fuel load are tested by the procedure specified in Annex A2.
1.5 Distinguishing features of products covered by this standard include:
1.5.1 Manufacturers specify outdoor installation or installation in structures not normally occupied by humans.indoor or outdoor
installation.
1.5.2 A firebox with an access door for hand loading of fuel or a hopper and automated feed system for delivery of particulate
fuel such as wood pellets or solid biomass fuel to a burn pot or combustion chamber.
1.5.3 Typically a thermostatic control device that controls combustion air supply or fuel delivery, or both, to maintain the liquid
in the appliance within a predetermined temperature range provided sufficient fuel is available in the firebox or hopper.
1.5.4 A chimney or vent that exhausts combustion products from the appliance.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard whether in inch-pound or SI units. standard. The
values given in parentheses are for information only.mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
1.6.1 Exception—Metric units are used in 13.1, 13.4.3, Tables 4-6, and A1.11.6.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.54 on Solid Fuel
Burning Appliances.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2009Sept. 1, 2013. Published April 2009November 2013. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 20082009
as E2618 – 08.E2618 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/E2618-09.10.1520/E2618-13.
Copyright © ASTM Inter
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