ASTM C1585-11

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Rate of Absorption of Water by Hydraulic-Cement Concretes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The performance of concrete subjected to many aggressive environments is a function, to a large extent, of the penetrability of the pore system. In unsaturated concrete, the rate of ingress of water or other liquids is largely controlled by absorption due to capillary rise. This test method is based on that developed by Hall who called the phenomenon “water sorptivity.”
The water absorption of a concrete surface depends on many factors including: (a) concrete mixture proportions; (b) the presence of chemical admixtures and supplementary cementitious materials; (c) the composition and physical characteristics of the cementitious component and of the aggregates; (d) the entrained air content; (e) the type and duration of curing; (f) the degree of hydration or age; (g) the presence of microcracks; (h) the presence of surface treatments such as sealers or form oil; and (i) placement method including consolidation and finishing. Water absorption is also strongly affected by the moisture condition of the concrete at the time of testing.
This method is intended to determine the susceptibility of an unsaturated concrete to the penetration of water. In general, the rate of absorption of concrete at the surface differs from the rate of absorption of a sample taken from the interior. The exterior surface is often subjected to less than intended curing and is exposed to the most potentially adverse conditions. This test method is used to measure the water absorption rate of both the concrete surface and interior concrete. By drilling a core and cutting it transversely at selected depths, the absorption can be evaluated at different distances from the exposed surface. The core is drilled vertically or horizontally.
This test method differs from Test Method C642 in which the specimens are oven dried, immersed completely in water at 21°C, and then boiled under water for 5 h. In this test method, only one surface is exposed to water at room temperature while the other surface...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the rate of absorption (sorptivity) of water by hydraulic cement concrete by measuring the increase in the mass of a specimen resulting from absorption of water as a function of time when only one surface of the specimen is exposed to water. The specimen is conditioned in an environment at a standard relative humidity to induce a consistent moisture condition in the capillary pore system. The exposed surface of the specimen is immersed in water and water ingress of unsaturated concrete is dominated by capillary suction during initial contact with water.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2011
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.66 - Concrete's Resistance to Fluid Penetration

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C1585-04e1 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Rate of Absorption of Water by Hydraulic-Cement Concretes
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1709-22 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials (ASCM) for Use in Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1922-23 - Standard Test Method for Water Retention of Hydraulic Cement-Based Mortars and Plasters by Way of Water Loss
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1585 − 11
StandardTest Method for
Measurement of Rate of Absorption of Water by Hydraulic-
1
Cement Concretes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1585; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C1005Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for
Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical
1.1 This test method is used to determine the rate of
Testing of Hydraulic Cements
absorption (sorptivity) of water by hydraulic cement concrete
by measuring the increase in the mass of a specimen resulting
3. Terminology
from absorption of water as a function of time when only one
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
surface of the specimen is exposed to water. The specimen is
Terminology C125.
conditioned in an environment at a standard relative humidity
to induce a consistent moisture condition in the capillary pore
4. Significance and Use
system. The exposed surface of the specimen is immersed in
4.1 The performance of concrete subjected to many aggres-
water and water ingress of unsaturated concrete is dominated
sive environments is a function, to a large extent, of the
by capillary suction during initial contact with water.
penetrability of the pore system. In unsaturated concrete, the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
rate of ingress of water or other liquids is largely controlled by
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
absorption due to capillary rise. This test method is based on
standard. 3
that developed by Hall who called the phenomenon “water
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sorptivity.”
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2 The water absorption of a concrete surface depends on
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
many factors including: (a) concrete mixture proportions; (b)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
the presence of chemical admixtures and supplementary ce-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
mentitious materials; (c) the composition and physical charac-
teristics of the cementitious component and of the aggregates;
2. Referenced Documents
(d) the entrained air content; (e) the type and duration of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
curing; (f) the degree of hydration or age; (g) the presence of
C31/C31MPractice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
microcracks; (h) the presence of surface treatments such as
Specimens in the Field
sealers or form oil; and (i) placement method including
C42/C42MTest Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled
consolidation and finishing. Water absorption is also strongly
Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
affectedbythemoistureconditionoftheconcreteatthetimeof
C125Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
testing.
gregates
4.3 This method is intended to determine the susceptibility
C192/C192MPracticeforMakingandCuringConcreteTest
of an unsaturated concrete to the penetration of water. In
Specimens in the Laboratory
general, the rate of absorption of concrete at the surface differs
C642Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in
from the rate of absorption of a sample taken from the interior.
Hardened Concrete
The exterior surface is often subjected to less than intended
curing and is exposed to the most potentially adverse condi-
1
tions.Thistestmethodisusedtomeasurethewaterabsorption
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
Concrete and ConcreteAggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
rate of both the concrete surface and interior concrete. By
C09.66 on Concrete’s Resistance to Fluid Penetration.
drillingacoreandcuttingittransverselyatselecteddepths,the
Current edition approved July 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally
ϵ1
absorption can be evaluated at different distances from the
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C1585–04 . DOI:
10.1520/C1585-11. exposed surface. The core is drilled vertically or horizontally.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Hall, C., “Water Sorptivity of Mortars and Concretes:AReview,” Magazine of
the ASTM website. Concrete Research, Vol. 41, No. 147, June 1989, pp. 51-61.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:C1585–04 Designation:C1585–11
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Rate of Absorption of Water by Hydraulic-
1
Cement Concretes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1585; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—A typo in Eq 1 was corrected editorially in December 2007.
1. Scope
1.1This test method is used to determine the rate of absorption (sorptivity) of water by hydraulic cement concrete by measuring
the increase in the mass of a specimen resulting from absorption of water as a function of time when only one surface of the
specimen is exposed to water.The exposed surface of the specimen is immersed in water and water ingress of unsaturated concrete
dominated by capillary suction during initial contact with water.
1.2The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. *
1.1 Thistestmethodisusedtodeterminetherateofabsorption(sorptivity)ofwaterbyhydrauliccementconcretebymeasuring
the increase in the mass of a specimen resulting from absorption of water as a function of time when only one surface of the
specimenisexposedtowater.Thespecimenisconditionedinanenvironmentatastandardrelativehumiditytoinduceaconsistent
moisture condition in the capillary pore system. The exposed surface of the specimen is immersed in water and water ingress of
unsaturated concrete is dominated by capillary suction during initial contact with water.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C642 Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in Hardened Concrete
C1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical Testing of
Hydraulic Cements
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology C125.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The performance of concrete subjected to many aggressive environments is a function, to a large extent, of the penetrability
of the pore system. In unsaturated concrete, the rate of ingress of water or other liquids is largely controlled by absorption due to
3
capillary rise. This test method is based on that developed by Hall who called the phenomenon “water sorptivity.”
4.2 The water absorption of a concrete surface depends on many factors including: (a) concrete mixture proportions; (b) the
presence of chemical admixtures and supplementary cementitious materials;(c) the composition and physical characteristics of the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.66 on
Concrete’s Resistance to Fluid Penetration.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2004. Published March 2004. DOI: 10.1520/C1585-04E01.
´1
Current edition approved July 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C1585–04 . DOI:
10.1520/C1585-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Hall, C., “Water Sorptivity of Mortars and Concretes: A Review,” Magazine of Concrete Research, Vol. 41, No. 147, June 1989, pp. 51-61.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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C1585–11
cementitious component and of the aggregates; (d) the entrained air co
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