ASTM D6151/D6151M-15
(Practice)Standard Practice for Using Hollow-Stem Augers for Geotechnical Exploration and Soil Sampling (Withdrawn 2024)
Standard Practice for Using Hollow-Stem Augers for Geotechnical Exploration and Soil Sampling (Withdrawn 2024)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Hollow-stem augers are frequently used for geotechnical exploration. One reason they are used is that the method is considered a “dry” drilling method where drill fluids are not needed to advance the borehole in unstable formations. Often, hollow-stem augers are used with other sampling systems, such as split barrel penetration resistance testing, Test Method D1586, or thin-wall tube sampling, Practice D1587 (see 2.5). HSA may be used to advance a drill hole without sampling using a pilot bit assembly, or they may be equipped with a sampling system for obtaining soil cores. In some subsurface conditions that contain cohesive soils, the drillhole can be successfully advanced without the use of a pilot bit assembly. Intermittent drilling (advancing of the HSA column with or without a pilot bit) and sampling can be performed depending on the intervals to be sampled, or continuous sampling can be performed. During pauses in the drilling and sampling process, in situ testing or other soil sampling methods can be performed through the hollow auger column below the lead auger assembly. At completion of the boring to the depth of interest, the hole may be abandoned or testing or monitoring devices can be installed. Hollow-stem auger drilling allows for drilling and casing the hole simultaneously, thereby eliminating hole caving problems and contamination of soil samples (2). The hollow-stem auger drilling and sampling method can be a satisfactory means for collecting samples of shallow unconsolidated subsurface materials (2). Additional guidance on use can be found in Refs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
4.2 Soil sampling with a double-tube hollow-stem sampling system provides a method for obtaining continuous or intermittent samples of soils for accurate logging of subsurface materials to support geotechnical testing and exploration. A wide variety of soils from clays to sands can be sampled. The sampling systems can be particularly effective in dry soft to stiff clayey or silty de...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers how to obtain soil samples using Hollow-Stem Auger (HSA) sampling systems and use of hollow-stem auger drilling methods for geotechnical exploration. This practice addresses how to obtain soil samples suitable for engineering properties testing.
1.2 In most geotechnical explorations, Hollow-Stem Auger (HSA) drilling is combined with other sampling methods. Split barrel penetration tests (Test Method D1586) are often performed to provide estimates of engineering properties of soils. Thin-wall tube (Practice D1587) and ring-lined barrel samples (Practice D3550) are also frequently taken. This practice discusses hole preparation for these sampling events. For information on the sampling process, consult the related standards. Other in situ tests, such as the vane shear Test Method D2573, can be performed below the base of the boring by access through the drill string. Other drilling methods are summarized in Guide D6286. Practice D1452 describes solid stem augers.
1.3 This practice does not include considerations for geoenvironmental site characterizations and installation of monitoring wells which are addressed in Guide D5784.
1.4 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this practice means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding establi...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6151/D6151M − 15
Standard Practice for
Using Hollow-Stem Augers for Geotechnical Exploration and
1
Soil Sampling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6151/D6151M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
1.1 This practice covers how to obtain soil samples using
Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
Hollow-Stem Auger (HSA) sampling systems and use of
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
hollow-stem auger drilling methods for geotechnical explora-
[presented in brackets] are to be regarded separately as
tion. This practice addresses how to obtain soil samples
standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact
suitable for engineering properties testing.
equivalents;therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependently
1.2 In most geotechnical explorations, Hollow-Stem Auger
of the other. Combining values from the two systems may
(HSA) drilling is combined with other sampling methods. Split
result in non-conformance with the standard.
barrel penetration tests (Test Method D1586) are often per-
1.7 Hollow-stem auger drilling for geotechnical exploration
formed to provide estimates of engineering properties of soils.
often involves safety planning, administration, and documen-
Thin-wall tube (Practice D1587) and ring-lined barrel samples
tation. This standard does not purport to specifically address
(Practice D3550) are also frequently taken. This practice
exploration and site safety. It is the responsibility of the user of
discusses hole preparation for these sampling events. For
this standard to establish appropriate safety and health prac-
information on the sampling process, consult the related
tices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
standards. Other in situ tests, such as the vane shear Test
prior to its use. Performance of the test usually involves use of
Method D2573, can be performed below the base of the boring
a drill rig, therefore, safety requirements as outlined in
by access through the drill string. Other drilling methods are
applicable safety standards, for example OSHA (Occupational
summarized in Guide D6286. Practice D1452 describes solid
Health and Safety Administration) regulations, DCDMA safety
2
stem augers.
manual (1), drilling safety manuals, and other applicable state
and local regulations must be observed.
1.3 This practice does not include considerations for geoen-
vironmental site characterizations and installation of monitor-
2. Referenced Documents
ing wells which are addressed in Guide D5784.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.4 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing
D420 Guide to Site Characterization for Engineering Design
one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
4
and Construction Purposes (Withdrawn 2011)
educationorexperienceandshouldbeusedinconjunctionwith
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be
Fluids
applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not
D2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils
intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which
(Visual-Manual Procedure)
the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged,
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
nor should this document be applied without consideration of
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
title of this practice means only that the document has been
approved through the ASTM consensus process.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the references at the end of this
practice.
1 3
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.02 on Sampling and contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Related Field Testing for Soil Evaluations. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved July 1, 2015, Published July 2015. Originally approved the ASTM website.
4
in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6151 − 08 D6151/D6151M − 15
Standard Practice for
Using Hollow-Stem Augers for Geotechnical Exploration and
1
Soil Sampling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6151;D6151/D6151M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This practice covers how to obtain soil samples using hollow-stem Hollow-Stem Auger (HSA) sampling systems and use
of hollow-stem auger drilling methods for geotechnical exploration. This practice addresses how to obtain soil samples suitable
for engineering properties testing.
1.2 In most geotechnical explorations, hollow-stem auger Hollow-Stem Auger (HSA) drilling is combined with other sampling
methods. Split barrel penetration tests (Test Method D1586) are often performed to provide estimates of engineering properties of
soils. Thin-wall tube (Practice D1587) and ring-lined barrel samples (Practice D3550) are also frequently taken. This practice
discusses hole preparation for these sampling events. For information on the sampling process, consult the related standards. Other
in situ tests, such as the vane shear Test Method D2573, can be performed below the base of the boring by access through the drill
string. Other drilling methods are summarized in Guide D6286. Practice D1452 describes solid stem augers.
1.3 This practice does not include considerations for geoenvironmental site characterizations and installation of monitoring
wells which are addressed in Guide D5784.
1.4 This practice may not reflect offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document
cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of
operations. It offers guidance on current practice but does not recommend a specific course of action. It should not be used as the
sole criterion or basis of comparison, and does not replace or relieve professional judgment.this practice may be applicable in all
circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given
professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects.
The word “Standard” in the title of this practice means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus
process.
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units [presented in brackets] are to be regarded separately as standard.
The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not
considered stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.7 Hollow-stem auger drilling for geotechnical exploration often involves safety planning, administration, and documentation.
This standard does not purport to specifically address exploration and site safety. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to its use.
Performance of the test usually involves use of a drill rig, therefore, safety requirements as outlined in applicable safety standards,
2
for example OSHA (Occupational Health and Safety Administration) regulations, DCDMA safety manual (1), drilling safety
manuals, and other applicable state and local regulations must be observed.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.02 on Sampling and Related
Field Testing for Soil Evaluations.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008July 1, 2015, Published October 2008July 2015. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20032008 as
D6151 – 97 (2003).D6151 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/D6151-08.10.1520/D6151_D6151M-15.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the references at the end of this practice.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the
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