ASTM D5783-18
(Guide)Standard Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Drilling with Water-Based Drilling Fluid for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
Standard Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Drilling with Water-Based Drilling Fluid for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Direct-rotary drilling may be used in support of geoenvironmental exploration and for installation of subsurface water-quality monitoring devices in unconsolidated and consolidated materials. Direct-rotary drilling may be selected over other methods based on advantages over other methods. In drilling unconsolidated sediments and hard rock, other than cavernous limestones and basalts where circulation cannot be maintained, the direct-rotary method is a faster drilling method than the cable-tool method. The cutting samples from direct-rotary drilled holes are usually as representative as those obtained from cable-tool drilled holes however, direct-rotary drilled holes usually require more well-development effort. If drilling of water-sensitive materials (that is, friable sandstones or collapsible soils) is anticipated, it may preclude use of water-based rotary-drilling methods and other drilling methods should be considered.
4.1.1 The application of direct-rotary drilling to geoenvironmental exploration may involve sampling, coring, in situ or pore-fluid testing, or installation of casing for subsequent drilling activities in unconsolidated or consolidated materials. Several advantages of using the direct-rotary drilling method are stability of the borehole wall in drilling unconsolidated formations due to the buildup of a filter cake on the wall. The method can also be used in drilling consolidated formations. Disadvantages to using the direct-rotary drilling method include the introduction of fluids to the subsurface, and creation of the filter cake on the wall of the borehole that may alter the natural hydraulic characteristics of the borehole.
Note 3: The user may install a monitoring device within the same borehole wherein sampling, in situ or pore-fluid testing, or coring was performed.
4.2 The subsurface water-quality monitoring devices that are addressed in this guide consist generally of a screened or porous intake and riser pipe(s) that are usua...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers how direct (straight) rotary-drilling procedures with water-based drilling fluids may be used for geoenvironmental exploration and installation of subsurface water-quality monitoring devices.
Note 1: The term direct with respect to the rotary-drilling method of this guide indicates that a water-based drilling fluid is pumped through a drill-rod column to a rotating bit. The drilling fluid transports cuttings to the surface through the annulus between the drill-rod column and the borehole wall.
Note 2: This guide does not include considerations for geotechnical site characterization that are addressed in a separate guide.
1.2 Direct-rotary drilling for geoenvironmental exploration and monitoring-device installations will often involve safety planning, administration and documentation. This standard does not purport to specifically address exploration and site safety.
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units (given in brackets) are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exactly equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two system may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 All observed and calculated values are to conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.
1.5 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objective; and it is common practice to increase or reduce the significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scop...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5783 − 18
Standard Guide for
Use of Direct Rotary Drilling with Water-Based Drilling Fluid
for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of
1
Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5783; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* commensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescope
of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis
1.1 This guide covers how direct (straight) rotary-drilling
method or engineering design.
procedures with water-based drilling fluids may be used for
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
geoenvironmental exploration and installation of subsurface
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
water-quality monitoring devices.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
NOTE 1—The term direct with respect to the rotary-drilling method of
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
this guide indicates that a water-based drilling fluid is pumped through a
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
drill-rod column to a rotating bit. The drilling fluid transports cuttings to
the surface through the annulus between the drill-rod column and the 1.7 This guide offers an organized collection of information
borehole wall.
or a series of options and does not recommend a specific
NOTE 2—This guide does not include considerations for geotechnical
course of action. This document cannot replace education or
site characterization that are addressed in a separate guide.
experience and should be used in conjunction with professional
1.2 Direct-rotary drilling for geoenvironmental exploration
judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all
and monitoring-device installations will often involve safety
circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-
planning, administration and documentation. This standard
sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of
does not purport to specifically address exploration and site
a given professional service must be judged, nor should this
safety.
document be applied without consideration of a project’s many
unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
document means only that the document has been approved
pound units (given in brackets) are to be regarded separately as
through the ASTM consensus process.
standard. The values stated in each system may not be exactly
equivalents;therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependently
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
of the other. Combining values from the two system may result
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
in non-conformance with the standard.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.4 All observed and calculated values are to conform to the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Practice D6026.
1.5 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/
2. Referenced Documents
recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
significant digits that generally should be retained. The proce-
Fluids
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
D1452/D1452M Practice for Soil Exploration and Sampling
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
by Auger Borings
ations for the user’s objective; and it is common practice to
D1586 Test Method for Standard PenetrationTest (SPT) and
increase or reduce the significant digits of reported data to be
Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeD18 on Soil and Rock
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and
2
Vadose Zone Investigations. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2018. Published February 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D5783 – 95 (2012). S
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5783 − 95 (Reapproved 2012) D5783 − 18
Standard Guide for
Use of Direct Rotary Drilling with Water-Based Drilling Fluid
for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of
1
Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5783; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This guide covers how direct (straight) rotary-drilling procedures with water-based drilling fluids may be used for
geoenvironmental exploration and installation of subsurface water-quality monitoring devices.
NOTE 1—The term direct with respect to the rotary-drilling method of this guide indicates that a water-based drilling fluid is pumped through a drill-rod
column to a rotating bit. The drilling fluid transports cuttings to the surface through the annulus between the drill-rod column and the borehole wall.
NOTE 2—This guide does not include considerations for geotechnical site characterization that are addressed in a separate guide.
1.2 Direct-rotary drilling for geoenvironmental exploration and monitoring-device installations will often involve safety
planning, administration and documentation. This standard does not purport to specifically address exploration and site safety.
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units (given in brackets) are to be regarded separately as standard.
The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not
considered stated in each system may not be exactly equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
Combining values from the two system may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 All observed and calculated values are to conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026.
1.5 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry
standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not
consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objective;
and it is common practice to increase or reduce the significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations.
It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis method or engineering design.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course
of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment.
Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace
the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied
without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the
document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and Vadose
Zone Investigations.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012Jan. 1, 2018. Published November 2012February 2018. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20062012
as D5783 –
...
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