ASTM D7462-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Biodiesel (B100) and Blends of Biodiesel with Middle Distillate Petroleum Fuel (Accelerated Method) (Withdrawn 2016)
Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Biodiesel (B100) and Blends of Biodiesel with Middle Distillate Petroleum Fuel (Accelerated Method) (Withdrawn 2016)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a measurement of the oxidation stability of biodiesel and biodiesel blends.
The test method may not provide a prediction of the quantity of insolubles that will form in field storage over any given period of time. The amount of insolubles formed in such field storage is subject to the specific storage conditions, which are too variable for this test method to predict accurately.
This test method yields results more rapidly than Test Method D4625, the 43°C bottle test. However, as a result of the significantly elevated temperature and the pure oxygen atmosphere, the nature and amount of insolubles may deviate to a greater extent than Test Method D4625 from those formed in field storage.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a measurement of the oxidation stability of biodiesel (B100) blendstock as specified in Specification D6751 and blends of biodiesel with middle distillate petroleum fuels, including B6 to B20 blends as specified in Specification D7467 under specified oxidizing conditions at 95°C. Specifically, the oxidation stability is assessed by the formation and measurement of insoluble degradation materials.
Note 1—Biodiesel B100, composed of alkyl esters, can have good solubility for some products of oxidative degradation. Thus some B100 samples could undergo significant degradation, but show little or no sediment formation. By contrast, many petroleum diesel fuels have relatively poor solubility for products of oxidative degradation, so Bxx blends, such as B20, could show higher sediment levels. Refer to Appendix X1 for a suggested paraffinic dilution procedure to evaluate oxidative degradation of B100 for degradation materials that are soluble in B100, but insoluble in iso-octane.
Note 2—No. 1 and No. 2 grades in Specifications D396 or D975 currently allow up to 5% biodiesel meeting Specification D6751. This method is preferred for testing these fuels that may contain biodiesel blendstock rather than Test Method D2274 due to the incompatibility of biodiesel blendstock with the membrane filters specified in Test Method D2274.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers a measurement of the oxidation stability of biodiesel (B100) blendstock as specified in Specification D6751 and blends of biodiesel with middle distillate petroleum fuels, including B6 to B20 blends as specified in Specification D7467 under specified oxidizing conditions at 95 °C. Specifically, the oxidation stability is assessed by the formation and measurement of insoluble degradation materials.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants, this test method was withdrawn in July 2016 because the method has limited use; efforts to obtain sufficient laboratories to conduct an interlaboratory study and develop a precision statement have not been successful since the test method was first approved in 2009.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7462 − 11
StandardTest Method for
Oxidation Stability of Biodiesel (B100) and Blends of
Biodiesel with Middle Distillate Petroleum Fuel (Accelerated
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7462; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers a measurement of the oxidation 2.1 ASTM Standards:
stability of biodiesel (B100) blendstock as specified in Speci- D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
fication D6751 and blends of biodiesel with middle distillate ration
petroleum fuels, including B6 to B20 blends as specified in D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
Specification D7467 under specified oxidizing conditions at D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited
95°C. Specifically, the oxidation stability is assessed by the Mineral Oils
formationandmeasurementofinsolubledegradationmaterials. D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
NOTE 1—Biodiesel B100, composed of alkyl esters, can have good
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
solubility for some products of oxidative degradation. Thus some B100
D2274 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel
samples could undergo significant degradation, but show little or no
Oil (Accelerated Method)
sediment formation. By contrast, many petroleum diesel fuels have
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
relatively poor solubility for products of oxidative degradation, so Bxx
blends, such as B20, could show higher sediment levels. Refer to Petroleum Products
Appendix X1 for a suggested paraffinic dilution procedure to evaluate
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
oxidativedegradationofB100fordegradationmaterialsthataresolublein
Petroleum Products
B100, but insoluble in iso-octane.
D4625 Test Method for Middle Distillate Fuel Storage
NOTE 2—No. 1 and No. 2 grades in Specifications D396 or D975
Stability at 43 °C (110 °F)
currently allow up to 5% biodiesel meeting Specification D6751. This
method is preferred for testing these fuels that may contain biodiesel D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100)
blendstock rather than Test Method D2274 due to the incompatibility of
for Middle Distillate Fuels
biodiesel blendstock with the membrane filters specified in Test Method
D7467 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend
D2274.
(B6 to B20)
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3. Terminology
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 adherent insolubles (formerly adherent gum),
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
n—material that is produced in the course of stressing distillate
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
fuel under the conditions of this test and which adheres to the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
glassware after fuel has been flushed from the system.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.2 filterable insolubles, n—material that is produced in
the course of stressing the sample fuel under the conditions of
this test and can be removed from the fuel by filtration. This
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2011. Published March 2011. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D7462–08. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D7462-11. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D7462 − 11
includesbothmaterialsuspendedinthefuelandmaterialeasily 6.2 Ultravioletlightexposurehasbeenfoundtoincreasethe
removedfromtheoxidationcellandoxygendeliverytubewith amount of total insolubles. Therefore, the fuel being tested
hydrocarbon solvent. shall be shielded from direct exposure to ultraviolet light
(sunlight or fluorescent). Conduct all sampling, measuring,
3.1.3 total insolubles, n—sum of the adherent and filterable
filtration, and weigh
...
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