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ASTM D2851-15(2023)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Liquid Optical Adhesive

Standard Specification for Liquid Optical Adhesive

ABSTRACT
This specification covers liquid optical adhesive for use in bonding glass to glass or other transparent adherends. The adhesive shall be in liquid form and free of solvent in order to avoid bubble formation in the adhesive layer. Each component shall be completely reactive. The adhesive may be heat-, catalyst-, or radiation-cured. Voltatility, color, viscosity, foreign particle content, refractive index, stability, light transmission, glass doublet preparation, environmental test, and bond strength tests shall be performed in accordance with the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers liquid optical adhesive for use in bonding glass to glass or other transparent adherends.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 6.1.1.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Apr-2023
ICS
83.180 - Adhesives
Technical Committee
D14 - Adhesives
Drafting Committee
D14.60 - Adhesive Material Classification System
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM E1953-20 - Standard Practice for Description of Thermal Analysis and Rheology Apparatus
Effective Date
15-Mar-2020

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ASTM D2851-15(2023) - Standard Specification for Liquid Optical Adhesive
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2851 − 15 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Specification for
1
Liquid Optical Adhesive
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2851; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Rheology Apparatus
1.1 This specification covers liquid optical adhesive for use
3. Terminology
in bonding glass to glass or other transparent adherends.
3.1 Definitions—Many terms in this specification are de-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
fined in Terminology D907.
standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
information purposes only.
4. Significance and Use
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
4.1 The bond strength tests provide reasonably accurate
test method portion, Section 6, of this specification: This
information with regard to the bond strength of the adhesives.
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
Bond strength data may be suitable for specification
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
acceptance, service evaluation, manufacturing control,
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
research, and development. Bond strength tests are not consid-
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
ered significant for applications differing widely from the test
regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary
in rate and type of loading.
statements are given in 6.1.1.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- 5. General Requirements
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.1 The adhesive shall be in liquid form and free of solvent
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
in order to avoid bubble formation in the adhesive layer. Each
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
component shall be completely reactive (without residual
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
volatile products). The adhesive may be heat-, catalyst-, or
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
radiation-cured.
5.1.1 Volatility—Volatile content of the adhesive shall not
2. Referenced Documents
exceed 0.5 %, unless otherwise agreed upon between the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
manufacturer and the purchaser.
D542 Test Method for Index of Refraction of Transparent
5.1.2 Viscosity—The viscosity of the adhesive shall be
Organic Plastics
within a well-defined range as agreed upon between the
D897 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Adhesive Bonds
manufacturer and the purchaser.
D904 Practice for Exposure of Adhesive Specimens to
5.1.3 Color—The color of the adhesive shall not exceed the
Artificial Light
color of a platinum-cobalt standard solution No. 300.
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
5.1.4 Cleanliness—The number and size of foreign particles
D1084 Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives
found in 100 mL of the adhesive shall not exceed 5 particles in
E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using
the size range from 10 μm to 100 μm (0.1 mm), and none larger
the CIE System
than 100 μm. The number and size of foreign particles in the
E1953 Practice for Description of Thermal Analysis and
catalyst required to cure 100 mL of the adhesive shall not
exceed 2 particles in the size range from 10 μm to 100 μm, and
none larger than 100 μm.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
5.1.5 Refractive Index—The refractive index of the cured
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.60 on Adhesive
adhesive shall be within a well-defined range as agreed upon
Material Classification System.
between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published May 2023. Originally
5.1.6 Stability—The liquid adhesive shall not change in
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D2851 – 15. DOI:
10.1520/D2851-15R23.
viscosity by greater than 20 % of its original viscosity nor
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
show any formation of solids, when tested as described in 6.6.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1.7 Light Transmission—Visible light transmission
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. through a bonded glass doublet (two glass disks bonded as
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, We
...

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SCOPE
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This specification provides the means to measure and evaluate the performance of adhesives for structural or semistructural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes. Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood, particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having woodbased surfaces at the bondline. The adhesives can be classified according to resistance to deformation: Group A or structural, and Group B or semistructural. Also, the adhesives may be designated into three types, according to their recommended use based on their resistance to water and water vapor: Type 1 for interior and exterior use, Type 2 for weather-protected interior use, and Type 3 for interior use only. Different tests shall be performed in order to determine the following properties of adhesives: shear strength, gap-filling ability, total deformation resistance, moisture and temperature limitation during fabrication, high-temperature resistance, low-temperature resistance, moisture resistance, aging, oxidation resistance, and mold resistance.
SCOPE
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both. The equipments to be used in the test shall include a petri dish, circulating-air oven, desiccator, and analytical balance. In determining the nonvolatile content of the liquid adhesives without hardener, the procedure shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of adhesive and quartz sand . The percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining. On the other hand, the procedure for the liquid adhesives with hardener shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of mixed adhesives. Also, the percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener (Note 1) added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both.  
Note 1: Some low molecular weight materials in the adhesive may be lost if hardener is not used. When a hardener is used, it must be mixed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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