ASTM D2067-97(2008)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Coarse Particles in Printing Ink Dispersions
Standard Test Method for Coarse Particles in Printing Ink Dispersions
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Coarse particles in printing inks reduce the efficiency of the dispersion process, requiring not only extra milling passes, but also frequent changes in pump filters. In printing processes, they may cause excessive wear to metal plates, piling or localized retention of ink on blankets and plates, and water balance problems. Coarse particles also reduce color strength and the gloss of printed matter.
This test method is suitable for quality control. The precision may be improved by the use of a specimen size larger than that prescribed.
Test results are sensitive to the type of washout solvent used. Strong solvents are to be avoided because they may dissolve large particles of resin in the ink vehicle.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the weight concentration of coarse particles in printing ink dispersions by sieve retention.
1.2 This test method is applicable to printing inks, flushed pigments, and other pigment dispersions that contain particles larger than 45 μm. With proper choice of solvent, it is applicable both to paste and liquid inks.
Note 1—This test method is similar in principle to Test Methods D 185. For particles under 25 μm, see Test Method D 1316.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D2067–97(Reapproved2008)
Standard Test Method for
Coarse Particles in Printing Ink Dispersions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2067; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the weight 3.1 A 50-g specimen of the test dispersion is diluted, if
concentration of coarse particles in printing ink dispersions by necessary, with a reducing varnish, mixed with 200 g of
sieve retention. mineral spirits or other mutually agreeable solvent, mixed in a
1.2 This test method is applicable to printing inks, flushed paint shaker for 30 min, and passed through a tared 325-mesh
pigments, and other pigment dispersions that contain particles wire cloth sieve. The sieve is dried in an oven and reweighed.
larger than 45 µm. With proper choice of solvent, it is The residue is reported either as a percentage or in parts per
applicable both to paste and liquid inks. million of the specimen.
3.2 The nature of the coarse particles may be identified
NOTE 1—ThistestmethodissimilarinprincipletoTestMethodsD185.
through the use of a magnet and visual or microscopic
For particles under 25 µm, see Test Method D1316.
examination.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Significance and Use
only.
4.1 Coarse particles in printing inks reduce the efficiency of
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety
the dispersion process, requiring not only extra milling passes,
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
butalsofrequentchangesinpumpfilters.Inprintingprocesses,
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
they may cause excessive wear to metal plates, piling or
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
localized retention of ink on blankets and plates, and water
limitations prior to use.
balance problems. Coarse particles also reduce color strength
and the gloss of printed matter.
2. Referenced Documents
4.2 This test method is suitable for quality control. The
2.1 ASTM Standards:
precisionmaybeimprovedbytheuseofaspecimensizelarger
D185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
than that prescribed.
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
4.3 Test results are sensitive to the type of washout solvent
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
used. Strong solvents are to be avoided because they may
D1316 Test Method for Fineness of Grind of Printing Inks
dissolve large particles of resin in the ink vehicle.
By the NPIRI Grindometer
E11 SpecificationforWovenWireTestSieveClothandTest
5. Apparatus
Sieves
5.1 Wire-Cloth Sieve, preferably disposable, 325 mesh (45
E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
µm), 60.3 mm in diameter; alternatively, a 75-mm No. 325
Ventilation Ovens
sieve conforming to Specification E11.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
NOTE 2—Adisposablesieveispreferredforprecisionbecauseitweighs
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
only 0.5 g compared to about 70 g for a conventional sieve.
5.2 Washout Cup Assembly (for use with the disposable
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint sieve), assembled according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
5.3 Balance, sensitive to 1.0 mg, preferably 0.1 mg.
Subcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks.
5.4 Paint Shaker.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published November 2008. Originally
5.5 Oven, gravity-convection type conforming to Type 1B
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D2067 – 97 (2003).
DOI: 10.1520/D2067-97R08.
in Specification E145 and maintained at 110° 6 5°C.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.6 Mixing Container, such as a widemouth bottle or jar,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
with screw cap, capacity 473 mL(1 pt), preferably plastic. If a
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. glass jar is used, a metal container such as a 1-lb coffee can
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D2067–97 (2008)
with lid and foam packing are recommended for protecting the 8.7 Tare a clean dry sieve to 1 mg, preferably 0.1 mg, and,
jar while on the shaker. if disposable, set in place on the washout cup assembly. Pour
5.7 Spatula, suitable for mixing 100 g of material. the contents of the jar quickly through the sieve. Invert the jar
over the screen and rinse out with solvent from the wash bottle
6. Reagents and Materials until no color remains in the jar. Make sure that no residue
remains in the jar and that all solvent from the jar passes over
6.1 Washout Solvent, as mutually agreed upon between the
the screen.
producer and the user. Type I mineral spirits conforming to
8.8 Wash down the sides of the washout cup assembly (if
Specification D235 has been found useful for oleoresinous
used)andthesidesofthescreen,collectingtheresiduecloseto
systems. The solvent should be filtered through a 325-mesh
the center of the sieve.
screen prior to use.
8.9 Place the sieve in a convection oven at 110°C for a few
6.2 ReducingVarnish, for high-viscosity or stiff dispersions.
min or until the screen and residue are dry. Cool in a desiccator
The varnish must be compatible with the test dispersion and of
and weigh. Record the weight of the residue.
a consistency such that a 50:50 mix will have sufficient flow to
8.10 Repeat 8.1 or 8.2 to 8.9 with a second specimen.
disperse in the washout solvent. An 800–1200 poise-reducing
8.11 If a reducing varnish was used (in 8.2) and it was not
varnish has been found useful for flushe
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