ASTM B212-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using the Hall Flowmeter Funnel
Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using the Hall Flowmeter Funnel
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluation of an important physical characteristic of a powder known as the apparent density. The measured apparent density bears a relationship to the mass of powder that will fill a fixed volume die cavity. The degree of correlation between the results of this test and the performance of powders during use may vary with each particular application. Note, however, that the presence of moisture, oils, stearic acid, stearates, waxes, and the temperature of the powder mass may alter the physical characteristics of the powder.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the apparent density of free-flowing metal powders, and mixed powders; and is suitable for only those powders that will flow unaided through the specified Hall Flowmeter funnel.
1.2 With the exception of the values for mass, volume, and density, for which the use of the gram and the cubic centimeter units is the long-standing industry practice, the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: B212 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Apparent Density of Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using the
1
Hall Flowmeter Funnel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B212; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 02.05 of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining
4. Summary of Test Method
the apparent density of free-flowing metal powders, and mixed
4.1 Avolumeofpowderispermittedtoflowintoacontainer
powders; and is suitable for only those powders that will flow
of definite volume under controlled conditions. The mass of
unaided through the specified Hall Flowmeter funnel.
powder per unit volume is determined and reported as apparent
1.2 With the exception of the values for mass, volume, and
density, Hall (AD ).
H
density, for which the use of the gram and the cubic centimeter
units is the long-standing industry practice, the values stated in
5. Significance and Use
inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values
5.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluation of an
given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units
important physical characteristic of a powder known as the
that are provided for information only and are not considered
apparent density. The measured apparent density bears a
standard.
relationship to the mass of powder that will fill a fixed volume
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
die cavity.The degree of correlation between the results of this
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
test and the performance of powders during use may vary with
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
each particular application. Note, however, that the presence of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
moisture, oils, stearic acid, stearates, waxes, and the tempera-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ture of the powder mass may alter the physical characteristics
of the powder.
2. Referenced Documents
2
6. Apparatus
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
B215 Practices for Sampling Metal Powders
6.1 Powder Flowmeter Funnel —A Hall Flowmeter funnel
B243 Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
(Fig. 1) having a calibrated orifice.
B873 Test Method for Measuring Volume of Apparent Den-
6.2 Density Cup—A cylindrical brass cup (Fig. 2) having a
sity Cup Used in Test Methods B 212, B 329, and B 417
3
nominal capacity of 25 cm . The actual cup volume shall be
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
determined according to Test Method B873. If the measured
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
volume of the cup is outside the tolerance in Fig. 2
3
(25 6 0.03 cm ) the cup shall not be used.
3. Terminology
3
6.3 Stand —Astand (Fig. 1) to support the Hall Flowmeter
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
funnel concentric with the density cup so that the bottom of the
method, see Terminology B243. Additional descriptive PM
Hall Flowmeter funnel orifice is approximately 1 in. (25 mm)
informationisavailableintheRelatedMaterialssectionofVol.
above the top of the density cup when the apparatus is
assembled as shown in Fig. 1.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on Metal
6.4 Workbench—A level, vibration-free table or workbench
Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
mittee B09.02 on Base Metal Powders.
to support the powder flowmeter stand.
Current edition approved April 1, 2013. Published June 2013. Originally
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as B212 – 12. DOI:
3
10.1520/B0212-13. The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or isACuPowder International, LLC, 901 LehighAve., Union, NJ 07083-7632. If you
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
1
the ASTM website. meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B212 − 12 B212 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Apparent Density of Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using the
1
Hall Flowmeter Funnel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B212; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the apparent density of free-flowing metal powders, and mixed
powders; and is suitable for only those powders that will flow unaided through the specified Hall Flowmeter funnel.
1.2 With the exception of the values for mass, volume, and density, for which the use of the gram and the cubic centimeter units
is the long-standing industry practice, the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in
parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B215 Practices for Sampling Metal Powders
B243 Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
B873 Test Method for Measuring Volume of Apparent Density Cup Used in Test Methods B 212, B 329, and B 417
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test method, see Terminology B243. Additional descriptive PM
information is available in the Related Materials section of VolVol. 02.05 of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A volume of powder is permitted to flow into a container of definite volume under controlled conditions. The mass of
powder per unit volume is determined and reported as apparent density, Hall (AD ).
H
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluation of an important physical characteristic of a powder known as the apparent
density. The measured apparent density bears a relationship to the mass of powder that will fill a fixed volume die cavity. The
degree of correlation between the results of this test and the performance of powders during use may vary with each particular
application. Note, however, that the presence of moisture, oils, stearic acid, stearates, waxes, and the temperature of the powder
mass may alter the physical characteristics of the powder.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on Metal Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B09.02
on Base Metal Powders.
Current edition approved April 1, 2012April 1, 2013. Published September 2012June 2013. Originally approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 20092012 as
B212 – 09B212 – 12. . DOI: 10.1520/B0212-12.10.1520/B0212-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B212 − 13
6. Apparatus
3
6.1 Powder Flowmeter Funnel —A Hall Flowmeter funnel (Fig. 1) having a calibrated orifice.
3
6.2 Density CupCup——A cylindrical brass cup (Fig. 2) having a nominal capacity of 25 cm . The actual cup volume shall be
determined according to Test Method B873. If the measured volume of the cup is outside the tolerance in Fig. 2
3
(25 6 0.03 cm ) the cup shall not be used.
3
6.3 Stand —A stand (Fig. 1) to support the Hall Flowmeter funnel concentric with the density cup so that the bottom of the Hall
Flowmeter funnel orifice is approximately 25 mm (1 in.)1 in. (25 mm) above the top of the density cup when the apparatus is
assembled as shown in Fig. 1.
6.4 Workbench—A level, vibration-free table or workbench to support the powder flowmeter s
...
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