ASTM D511-08

Standard Test Methods for Calcium and Magnesium In Water

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Calcium and magnesium salts in water are the primary components of water hardness which can cause pipe or tube scaling.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of calcium and magnesium in water by complexometric titration and atomic absorption spectrometric procedures. Two test methods are included, as follows:
Sections Test Method A—Complexometric Titration 7 to 14 Test Method B—Atomic Absorption Spectrometric15 to 23
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in 12.2.6 and 20.6.  
7.1 This test method is applicable to most waters in a range from 1 to 1000 mg/L of calcium plus magnesium expressed as calcium, but may fail in the analysis of highly colored waters, brines, or waters that contain excessive amounts of metals. The upper and lower limits may be extended by either dilution or use of micro apparatus.
7.2 Data are not available to determine which matrices were used to obtain the precision and bias data, and it is the responsibility of the analyst to determine the acceptability of this test method for the matrix being analyzed.  
16.1 This test method can be used to determine the concentration of calcium and magnesium in water. The determination of these ions in brackish water, sea water, and brines requires the use of the method of additions described in Section 22.
16.2 This test method is applicable for calcium concentrations in the range from 1.0 to 15 mg/L and magnesium concentrations from 0.25 to 3.5 mg/L. The upper limits can be increased to 1500 mg/L calcium and 350 mg/L magnesium by proper single dilution technique. Serial dilution technique should be used to further extend the limit.
16.3 The precision and bias were obtained on reagent water (1 % HCl). It is the responsibility of the analyst to determine the acceptability of this test method when analyzing untested matrices.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2008
• ICS: 13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.05 - Inorganic Constituents in Water

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D511-03 - Standard Test Methods for Calcium and Magnesium In Water
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Replaced By: ASTM D511-09 - Standard Test Methods for Calcium and Magnesium In Water
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D4692-01(2017) - Standard Practice for Calculation and Adjustment of Sulfate Scaling Salts (CaSO<inf >4</inf>, SrSO<inf>4</inf>, and BaSO<inf>4</inf>) for Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D4582-23 - Standard Practice for Calculation and Adjustment of the Stiff and Davis Stability Index for Reverse Osmosis
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D4328-18 - Standard Practice for Calculation of Supersaturation of Barium Sulfate, Strontium Sulfate, and Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate (Gypsum) in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D8006-16 - Standard Guide for Sampling and Analysis of Residential and Commercial Water Supply Wells in Areas of Exploration and Production (E&amp;P) Operations
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D1971-16(2021)e1 - Standard Practices for Digestion of Water Samples for Determination of Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption, Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, or Plasma Mass Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D4195-23 - Standard Guide for Water Analysis for Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration Application
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D3739-19 - Standard Practice for Calculation and Adjustment of the Langelier Saturation Index for Reverse Osmosis
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM E1197-12(2021) - Standard Guide for Conducting a Terrestrial Soil-Core Microcosm Test
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D6936-17 - Standard Test Method for Determining Demulsibility of Emulsified Asphalt
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C375-22 - Standard Classification of Water Used in Milling of Porcelain Enamel
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D511–08
Standard Test Methods for
1
Calcium and Magnesium In Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 511; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of calcium 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in these test
and magnesium in water by complexometric titration and methods, refer to Terminology D 1129.
atomic absorption spectrometric procedures. Two test methods
4. Significance and Use
are included, as follows:
4.1 Calcium and magnesium salts in water are the primary
Sections
Test Method A—Complexometric Titration 7 to 14
components of water hardness which can cause pipe or tube
Test Method B—Atomic Absorption Spectrometric 15 to 23
scaling.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5. Purity of Reagents
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. 5.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests.
Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical
3
Reagents of the American Chemical Society. Other grades
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is
of sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard
statements are given in 12.2.6 and 20.6. the accuracy of the determination.
5.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
2. Referenced Documents
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: to Specification D 1193, Type 1, II, or III water. Type I is
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water preferred and more commonly used. Type II water was
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water specified at the time of round-robin testing of these test
D 2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of methods.
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
NOTE 1—The user must ensure the type of reagent water is sufficiently
D 3370 Practices for SamplingWater from Closed Conduits
free of interferences.The water should be analyzed using this test method.
D 4691 Practice for Measuring Elements inWater by Flame
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry 6. Sampling
D 4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water
6.1 Collect the sample in accordance with PracticesD 3370.
Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
6.2 If total recoverable calcium and magnesium concentra-
D 5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
tions are being determined, acidify the water sample with
D 5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
HNO (sp gr 1.42) to a pH of 2 or less immediately at the time
3
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
of collection; normally about 2 mL/Lare required.The holding
time for the samples may be calculated in accordance with
Practice D 4841.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on
Water and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic
Constituents in Water.
3
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published November 2008. Originally Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
approved in 1937. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 511 – 03. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For Suggestions on the testing of reagents not
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or listed by the American Chemical Society, see Annual Standards for Laboratory
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
the ASTM website. MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D511–08
6.3 If dissolved calcium and magnesium concentrations are been reached will appear and then, on short standing, will
being determined, filter the samples through a 0.45-µm mem- revert to red. The reversion should not be confused
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D 511–03 Designation:D511–08
Standard Test Methods for
1
Calcium and Magnesium In Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 511; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope *
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of calcium and magnesium in water by complexometric titration and atomic
absorption spectrometric procedures. Two test methods are included, as follows:
Sections
Test Method A—Complexometric Titration 7to14
Test Method B—Atomic Absorption Spectrometric 15 to 23
1.2
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in 12.2.6 and 20.6.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D 2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D 3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D 4691 Practice for Measuring Elements in Water by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
D 4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding TimesTime for Water Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
D 5810 Guide for Spiking Intointo Aqueous Samples
D 5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in these test methods, refer to Terminology D 1129.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Calcium and magnesium salts in water are the primary components of water hardness which can cause pipe or tube scaling.
5. Purity of Reagents
5.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall conform
3
to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society. Other grades may be used,
provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the
determination.
5.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming to
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents
in Water.
Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published July 2003. Originally approved in 1937. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D511–93 (1998).
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published November 2008. Originally approved in 1937. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 511 – 03.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 11.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.02.Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For
Suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by the American Chemical Society, see Annual Standards for Laboratory Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and
the United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville, MD.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D511–08
Specification D 1193,Type 1, II, or III water.Type I is preferred and more commonly used.Type II water was specified at the time
of round-robin testing of these test methods.
NOTE 1—The user must ensure the type of reagent water is sufficiently free of interferences. The water should be analyzed using this test method.
6. Sampling
6.1 Collect the sample in accor
...