ASTM F21-65(1996)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Hydrophobic Surface Films by the Atomizer Test
Standard Test Method for Hydrophobic Surface Films by the Atomizer Test
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the detection of the presence of hydrophobic (nonwetting) films on surfaces and the presence of hydrophobic organic materials in processing ambients. When properly conducted, the test will enable detection of fractional molecular layers of hydrophobic organic contaminants. On very rough or porous surfaces the sensitivity of the test may be significantly decreased.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F 21 – 65 (Reapproved 1996)
Standard Test Method for
Hydrophobic Surface Films by the Atomizer Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 21; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope spread but will tend to remain as fine droplets.
1.1 This test method covers the detection of the presence of
5. Significance and Use
hydrophobic (nonwetting) films on surfaces and the presence
5.1 The atomizer test as described in this test method is
of hydrophobic organic materials in processing ambients.
nondestructive and may be used for control and evaluation of
When properly conducted, the test will enable detection of
processes for the removal of hydrophobic contaminants. The
fractional molecular layers of hydrophobic organic contami-
test may also be used for the detection and control of
nants. On very rough or porous surfaces the sensitivity of the
hydrophobic contaminants in processing ambients. For this
test may be significantly decreased.
application, a surface free of hydrophobic films is exposed to
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
the ambient and subsequently tested.
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
information only.
6. Interferences
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6.1 Loss of sensitivity may result from either of the follow-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ing factors:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6.1.1 The presence of hydrophilic substances on the surface
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
to be tested, test equipment, or test materials, or
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.1.2 An unusually rough or porous surface condition.
2. Referenced Documents
7. Apparatus
2.1 ASTM Standards:
7.1 Spray Gun Atomizer.
D 351 Classification for Natural Muscovite Block Mica and
2 7.2 Low Power Microscope (53 to 503), and light source
Thins Based on Visual Quality
for observation of small piece parts.
3. Terminology
8. Reagents and Materials
3.1 Definitions:
8.1 Acetone, reagent grade.
3.1.1 hydrophilic—having a strong affinity for water; wet-
8.2 Mice Blanks, preferably 1 in. (25 mm) by 2 in. (50 mm)
table.
by 0.015 in. (0.38 mm) or larger, having a minimum ASTM
3.1.2 hydrophobic—having little affinity for water; nonwet-
quality V6 as described in Classification D 351.
table.
8.3 Oleic or Stearic Acid—A 0.005 to 0.05% solution in
acetone.
4. Summary of Test Method
3 8.4 Oxygen—Filtered low-pressure (15 psi min) oxygen or
4.1 The atomizer test is performed by subjecting the dry
other suitable gas that is free of hydrophobic and hydrophilic
surface to be tested to a fine water spray. The interpretation of
substances.
the test is based upon the pattern of wetting. In the absence of
hydrophobic films, the impinging water droplets will wet the
NOTE 1—The freedom of the water and the gas from hydrophobic and
surface and spread immediately to form a continuous water hydrophilic contamination may be determined in accordance with Section
9.
film. In areas where hydrophobic materials are present on the
surface, the sprayed droplets will not wet the surface and
8.5 Water—Deionized or distilled water is preferred. Water
of higher ionic content may render the test destructive. The
water used must be free of hydrophobic and hydrophilic
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E-21 on Space
Simulation and Applications of Space Technology and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E21.05 on Contamination.
Current edition approved Aug. 31, 1965. Published October 1965. Originally Feder, D. O., and Koontz, D. E., “Detection, Removal and Control of Organic
published as F 21 – 62 T. Last previous edition F 21 – 62 T. Contaminants in the Production of Electron Devices,” ASTM STP 246, Am. Soc.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01. Testing Mats., p. 40 (1959).
3 5
Linford, H. B., and Saubestre, E. B., “A New Degreasing Evaluation Test: The Paasche Air Brush Model VL-1 or its equivalent has been found s
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