ASTM D6888-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Available Cyanides with Ligand Displacement and Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) Utilizing Gas Diffusion Separation and Amperometric Detection
Standard Test Method for Available Cyanides with Ligand Displacement and Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) Utilizing Gas Diffusion Separation and Amperometric Detection
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Cyanide and hydrogen cyanide are highly toxic. Regulations have been established to require the monitoring of cyanide in industrial and domestic wastes and surface waters.3
5.2 This test method is applicable for natural water, saline waters, metallurgical process solutions, and wastewater effluent.
5.3 The method may be used for process control in wastewater treatment facilities.
SCOPE
1.1 This method is used to determine the concentration of available inorganic cyanide in an aqueous wastewater or effluent. The method detects the cyanides that are free (HCN and CN-) and metal-cyanide complexes that are easily dissociated into free cyanide ions. The method does not detect the less toxic strong metal-cyanide complexes, cyanides that are not “amenable to chlorination.”
1.2 Total cyanide can be determined for samples that have been distilled as described in Test Methods D2036, Test Method A, Total Cyanides after Distillation. The cyanide complexes are dissociated and absorbed into the sodium hydroxide capture solution, which can be analyzed with this test method; therefore, ligand exchange reagents from Sections 8.12 and 8.13 would not be required when determining total cyanide after distillation.
1.3 This procedure is applicable over a range of approximately 2 to 400 μg/L (parts per billion) available cyanides. Higher concentrations can be analyzed by dilution or lower injection volume.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in 8.6 and Section 9.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6888 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Available Cyanides with Ligand Displacement and Flow
Injection Analysis (FIA) Utilizing Gas Diffusion Separation
1
and Amperometric Detection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6888; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This method is used to determine the concentration of
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
available inorganic cyanide in an aqueous wastewater or
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
effluent. The method detects the cyanides that are free (HCN
-
D2036 Test Methods for Cyanides in Water
and CN ) and metal-cyanide complexes that are easily disso-
D3856 Guide for Management Systems in Laboratories
ciated into free cyanide ions. The method does not detect the
less toxic strong metal-cyanide complexes, cyanides that are Engaged in Analysis of Water
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
not “amenable to chlorination.”
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
1.2 Total cyanide can be determined for samples that have
D6696 Guide for Understanding Cyanide Species
been distilled as described in Test Methods D2036, Test
D7365 Practice for Sampling, Preservation and Mitigating
Method A, Total Cyanides after Distillation. The cyanide
Interferences in Water Samples for Analysis of Cyanide
complexes are dissociated and absorbed into the sodium
hydroxide capture solution, which can be analyzed with this
3. Terminology
test method; therefore, ligand exchange reagents from Sections
3.1 Definitions:
8.12 and 8.13 would not be required when determining total
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
cyanide after distillation.
Terminology D1129 and Guide D6696.
1.3 This procedure is applicable over a range of approxi-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mately 2 to 400 μg/L (parts per billion) available cyanides.
3.2.1 available cyanides, n—Inorganic cyanides that are
-
Higher concentrations can be analyzed by dilution or lower
free (HCN and CN ) and metal-cyanide complexes that are
injection volume.
easily dissociated into free cyanide ions.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Available cyanide does not include the
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
less toxic strong metal-cyanide complexes, cyanides that are
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
not “amenable to chlorination” and includes weak acid disso-
standard.
ciable or weak and dissociable (WAD) cyanides for use in the
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
implementation of International Cyanide Management Code.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.1 Complex cyanides bound with nickel or mercury are
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
released by ligand displacement by the addition of a ligand
Specific hazard statements are given in 8.6 and Section 9.
displacement agent, when necessary.
4.2 Other weak and dissociable cyanide species do not
require ligand displacement.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods for Analysis for
2
Organic Substances in Water. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2003. Last previous addition approved in 2009 as D6888 – 09. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D6888-16. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6888 − 16
FIG. 1 Flow Injection Analysis Apparatus 1
4.3 The sample is introduced into a flow injection analysis 6.2 Sulfide above 50 mg/L will diffuse through the gas
(FIA) system where it is acidified to form hydrogen cyanide diffusion membrane and can be detected in the amperometric
(HCN). The hydrogen cyanide gas diffuses through a hydro- flowcell. Oxidized products of sulfide can also rapidly convert
- -
phobic gas diffusion memb
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6888 − 09 D6888 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Available CyanideCyanides with Ligand Displacement and
Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) Utilizing Gas Diffusion
1
Separation and Amperometric Detection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6888; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This method is used to determine the concentration of available inorganic cyanide in an aqueous wastewater or effluent. The
-
method detects the cyanides that are free (HCN and CN ) and metal-cyanide complexes that are easily dissociated into free cyanide
ions. The method does not detect the less toxic strong metal-cyanide complexes, cyanides that are not “amenable to chlorination.”
1.2 Total cyanide can be determined for samples that have been distilled as described in Test Methods D2036, Test Method A,
Total Cyanides after Distillation. The cyanide complexes are dissociated and absorbed into the sodium hydroxide capture solution,
which can be analyzed with this test method; therefore, ligand exchange reagents from Sections 8.12 and 8.13 would not be
required when determining total cyanide after distillation.
1.3 This procedure is applicable over a range of approximately 2 to 400 μg/L (parts per billion) available cyanide.cyanides.
Higher concentrations can be analyzed by dilution or lower injection volume.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Note 28.6 and Section 9.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2036 Test Methods for Cyanides in Water
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3856 Guide for Management Systems in Laboratories Engaged in Analysis of Water
D4375 Practice for Basic Statistics in Committee D19 on Water
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
D6696 Guide for Understanding Cyanide Species
D7365 Practice for Sampling, Preservation and Mitigating Interferences in Water Samples for Analysis of Cyanide
E60 Practice for Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials by Spectrophotometry
E275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance of Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology D1129 and Guide D6696.
3.2 Definitions:Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D1129 and Guide D6696.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods for Analysis for
Organic Substances in Water.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009Feb. 1, 2016. Published October 2009June 2016. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous addition approved in 20042009 as
D6888 – 04.D6888 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/D6888-09.10.1520/D6888-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6888 − 16
-
3.2.1 available cyanide,cyanides, n—Inorganic cyanides that are free (HCN and CN ) and metal-cyanide complexes that are
easily dissociated into free cyanide ions. Available cyanide does not include the less toxic strong metal-cyanide complexes,
cyanides that are not “amenable to chlorination.”
3.2.1.1 Discussion—
Available cyanide does not include the less toxic strong metal-cyanide complexes, cyanides that are not “amenable to chlorination”
and includes weak acid dissociable
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.