ASTM E2044-99(2019)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Spreading of Liquid Agricultural Spray Mixtures
Standard Test Method for Spreading of Liquid Agricultural Spray Mixtures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to provide a rapid means of determining the relative ability of a liquid agricultural spray mixture to spread on a test substrate.
5.2 This test method was validated using Parafilm M3 as a test substrate. It is the user's responsibility for determining the validity of this test method for alternative test surfaces. While it may be generally agreed upon that there is no perfect model for the variety of surfaces for which spreading information would be useful, this test method does not limit users to any one surface. Further consideration must also be given to the potential effect that the liquid droplet may have on the chemical composition and morphology of the test surface. While this does not restrict the test method, an understanding of this potential can help in the interpretation of test data.
5.3 This test method will determine the relative spread of radii of water, fertilizers, oils, and mixtures of these carriers with surfactants. It is the user's responsibility to determine the validity of the test method with alternative liquids.
5.4 This test method will determine the relative spread radii of droplets over 30 s, 60 s, and 5 min. It is the user's responsibility to determine the validity of the test method at alternative spreading times.
5.5 This test method is appropriate for relative humidities within the range of 40 to 70 %. It is the user's responsibility to determine the validity of the test method at alternate relative humidities.
5.6 This test method is appropriate for temperatures within the range of 18 to 22 °C. It is the user's responsibility to determine the validity of the test method at alternate temperatures.
5.7 This test method will determine the relative spread radii for droplets of 10 and 20 μL. It is the user's responsibility to determine the validity of the test method at alternate droplet sizes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the visual evaluation of the relative spread radius of liquid spray mixture droplets.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2044 −99 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Method for
Spreading of Liquid Agricultural Spray Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2044; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the visual evaluation of the 4.1 The material(s) to be tested is mixed using the desired
relative spread radius of liquid spray mixture droplets. concentration of each component.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 4.2 A20 µL droplet of the spray mixture is placed carefully
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this onto a substrate. Under this substrate is a graph with concentric
standard. rings spaced at 1 mm intervals.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.3 After 60 s, the number of rings that the droplet covers,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and thus the radius of the droplet, is observed and recorded.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Significance and Use
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 This test method is intended to provide a rapid means of
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
determining the relative ability of a liquid agricultural spray
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
mixture to spread on a test substrate.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.2 This test method was validated using Parafilm M as a
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
test substrate. It is the user’s responsibility for determining the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
validity of this test method for alternative test surfaces. While
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
it may be generally agreed upon that there is no perfect model
2. Referenced Documents for the variety of surfaces for which spreading information
2 would be useful, this test method does not limit users to any
2.1 ASTM Standards:
one surface. Further consideration must also be given to the
E1519 Terminology Relating to Agricultural Tank Mix Ad-
potential effect that the liquid droplet may have on the
juvants
chemical composition and morphology of the test surface.
3. Terminology While this does not restrict the test method, an understanding
of this potential can help in the interpretation of test data.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 adjuvant, n—a material added to a tank mix to aid or 5.3 This test method will determine the relative spread of
modify the action of an agrochemical, or the physical charac- radii of water, fertilizers, oils, and mixtures of these carriers
teristics of the mixture. (See Terminology E1519.) with surfactants. It is the user’s responsibility to determine the
validity of the test method with alternative liquids.
3.1.2 spreader, n—a material that increases the area that a
droplet of a given volume of spray mixture will cover on a
5.4 This test method will determine the relative spread radii
target. (See Terminology E1519.)
of droplets over 30 s, 60 s, and 5 min. It is the user’s
responsibility to determine the validity of the test method at
3.1.3 spread radius, n—the radius in millimetres or some
alternative spreading times.
other standardized unit, of a substrate covered by a droplet.
5.5 This test method is appropriate for relative humidities
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on
within the range of 40 to 70 %. It is the user’s responsibility to
Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct
determine the validity of the test method at alternate relative
responsibility of Subcommittee E35.22 on Pesticide Formulations and Delivery
humidities.
Systems.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E2044 – 99 (2012).
DOI: 10.1520/E2044-99R19. The sole source of supply of the apparatus (Parafilm M, registered trademark)
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or known to the committee at this time isAmerican National Can Company, Chicago,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM IL 60631. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consid-
the ASTM website. eration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
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E2044 − 99 (2019)
5.6 This test method is appropriate for temperatures within
the range of 18 to 22 °C. It is the user’s responsibility to
determine the validity of the test method at alternate tempera-
tures.
5.7 Th
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