ASTM E2046-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Reaction Induction Time by Thermal Analysis
Standard Test Method for Reaction Induction Time by Thermal Analysis
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method measures the time to extrapolated onset of an exothermic reaction under constant temperature (isothermal) conditions for reactions which have an induction period, for example, those which are catalytic, autocatalytic, or accelerating in nature or which contain reaction inhibitors.
5.2 The RIT determined by this test method is an index measurement that is useful for comparing one material to another at the test temperature of interest and in the same apparatus type only.
5.3 This test method is a useful adjunct to dynamic thermal tests, such as Test Method E537, which are performed under conditions in which the sample temperature is increased continuously at constant rate. Results obtained under dynamic test conditions may result in higher estimates of temperature at which an exothermic reaction initiates because the detected onset temperature is dependent upon the heating rate and because dynamic methods allow insufficient time for autocatalytic reactions to measurably affect the onset temperature.
5.4 RIT values determined under a series of isothermal test conditions may be plotted as their logarithm versus the reciprocal of the absolute temperature to produce a plot, the slope of which is proportional to the activation energy of the reaction as described in Test Methods E2070.
5.5 This test method may be used in research and development, manufacturing, process and quality control, and regulatory compliance.
5.6 This test method is similar to that for oxidation induction time (OIT) (for example, Specification D3350 and Test Methods D3895, D4565, D5483, D6186, and E1858) where the time to the oxidation reaction under isothermal test conditions is measured. The OIT test method measures the presence of antioxidant packages and is a relative measurement of a material’s resistance to oxidation.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the measurement of reaction induction time (RIT) of chemical materials that undergo exothermic reactions with an induction period. The techniques and apparatus described may be used for solids, liquids, or slurries of chemical substances. The temperature range covered by this test method is typically from ambient to 400 °C. This range may be extended depending upon the apparatus used.
1.2 The RIT is a relative index value, not an absolute thermodynamic property. As an index value, the RIT value may change depending upon experimental conditions. A comparison of RIT values may be made only for materials tested under similar conditions of apparatus, specimen size, and so forth. Furthermore, the RIT value may not predict behavior of large quantities of material.
1.3 The RIT shall not be used by itself to establish a safe operating temperature. It may be used in conjunction with other test methods (for example, Test Methods E487 and E537, and Guide E1981) as part of a hazard analysis of a particular operation.
1.4 This test method may be used for RIT values greater than 15 min (as relative imprecision increases at shorter periods).
1.5 This test method is used to study catalytic, autocatalytic, and accelerating reactions. These reactions depend upon time as well as temperature. Such reactions are often studied by fixing one experimental parameter (that is, time or temperature) and then measuring the other parameter (that is, temperature or time). This test method measures time to reaction onset detection under isothermal conditions. It is related to Test Method E487 that measures detected reaction onset temperature under constant time conditions
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this test method.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the appl...
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2046 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Reaction Induction Time by Thermal Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2046; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method describes the measurement of reaction
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
induction time (RIT) of chemical materials that undergo
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
exothermic reactions with an induction period. The techniques
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and apparatus described may be used for solids, liquids, or
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
slurriesofchemicalsubstances.Thetemperaturerangecovered
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
by this test method is typically from ambient to 400 °C. This
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
range may be extended depending upon the apparatus used.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.2 The RIT is a relative index value, not an absolute
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
thermodynamicproperty.Asanindexvalue,theRITvaluemay
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
change depending upon experimental conditions. A compari-
2. Referenced Documents
son of RITvalues may be made only for materials tested under
2
similar conditions of apparatus, specimen size, and so forth.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Furthermore, the RIT value may not predict behavior of large
D3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fit-
quantities of material.
tings Materials
D3895 Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Poly-
1.3 The RIT shall not be used by itself to establish a safe
olefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
operating temperature. It may be used in conjunction with
D4565 Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Per-
other test methods (for example,Test Methods E487 and E537,
formance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Tele-
and Guide E1981) as part of a hazard analysis of a particular
communications Wire and Cable
operation.
D5483 Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubri-
1.4 This test method may be used for RIT values greater
catingGreasesbyPressureDifferentialScanningCalorim-
than 15 min (as relative imprecision increases at shorter
etry
periods).
D6186 Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubri-
1.5 Thistestmethodisusedtostudycatalytic,autocatalytic,
cating Oils by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry
and accelerating reactions. These reactions depend upon time
(PDSC)
as well as temperature. Such reactions are often studied by
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
fixing one experimental parameter (that is, time or tempera-
ology
ture) and then measuring the other parameter (that is, tempera-
E487 Test Method for Constant-Temperature Stability of
ture or time). This test method measures time to reaction onset
Chemical Materials
detection under isothermal conditions. It is related to Test
E537 Test Method for The Thermal Stability of Chemicals
Method E487 that measures detected reaction onset tempera-
by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
ture under constant time conditions
E967 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Differen-
tial Scanning Calorimeters and Differential Thermal Ana-
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
lyzers
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
E968 Practice for Heat Flow Calibration of Differential
test method.
Scanning Calorimeters
E1445 Terminology Relating to Hazard Potential of Chemi-
cals
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E27 on Hazard
Potential of Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E27.02 on
2
Thermal Stability and Condensed Phases. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as E2046 – 14. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E2046-19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2046 − 14 E2046 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Reaction Induction Time by Thermal Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2046; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes the measurement of Reaction Induction Timereaction induction time (RIT) of chemical materials
that undergo exothermic reactions with an induction period. The techniques and apparatus described may be used for solids,
liquids, or slurries of chemical substances. The temperature range covered by this test method is typically from ambient to 400°C.
400 °C. This range may be extended depending upon the apparatus used.
1.2 The RIT is a relative index value, not an absolute thermodynamic property. As an index value, the RIT value may change
depending upon experimental conditions. A comparison of RIT values may be made only for materials tested under similar
conditions of apparatus, specimen size, and so forth. Furthermore, the RIT value may not predict behavior of large quantities of
material.
1.3 The RIT shall not be used by itself to establish a safe operating temperature. It may be used in conjunction with other test
methods (for example, Test Methods E487, and E537, and Guide E1981) as part of a hazard analysis of a particular operation.
1.4 This test method may be used for RIT values greater than 15 min (as relative imprecision increases at shorter periods).
1.5 This test method is used to study catalytic, autocatalytic, and accelerating reactions. These reactions depend upon time as
well as temperature. Such reactions are often studied by fixing one experimental parameter (that is, time or temperature) and then
measuring the other parameter (that is, temperature or time). This test method measures time to reaction onset detection under
isothermal conditions. It is related to Test Method E487 that measures detected reaction onset temperature under constant time
conditions
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.test
method.
1.7 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this test method.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fittings Materials
D3895 Test Method for Oxidative-Induction Time of Polyolefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
D4565 Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunications
Wire and Cable
D5483 Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Greases by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry
D6186 Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Oils by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (PDSC)
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rheology
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E27 on Hazard Potential of Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E27.02 on Thermal
Stability and Condensed Phases.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014Nov. 1, 2019. Published February 2014November 2019. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20082014
as E2046 – 08.E2046 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/E2046-14.10.1520/E2046-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ------------------
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.