ASTM D7344-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure (Mini Method)
Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure (Mini Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The distillation (volatility) characteristics of hydrocarbons have an important effect on their safety and performance, especially in the case of fuels and solvents. The boiling range gives information on the composition, the properties, and the behavior of the fuel during storage and use. Volatility is the major determinant of the tendency of a hydrocarbon mixture to produce potentially explosive vapors.
The distillation characteristics are equally important for both automotive and aviation gasolines, affecting starting, warm-up, and tendency to vapor lock at high operating temperatures or high altitude, or both. The presence of high boiling point components in these and other fuels can significantly affect the degree of formation of solid combustion deposits.
Volatility, as it affects the rate of evaporation, is an important factor in the application of many solvents, particularly those used in paints.
Distillation limits are often included in petroleum product specifications, in commercial contract agreements, process refinery/control applications, and for compliance to regulatory rules.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the determination of the distillation characteristics of petroleum products in the range of 20 to 400°C (68 to 752°F) using miniaturized automatic distillation apparatus.
1.2 This test method is applicable to such products as: light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels containing up to 10 % ethanol, aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, regular and low sulfur diesel fuels, biodiesel blends up to 20 % biodiesel, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits, kerosines, burner fuels, and marine fuels.
1.3 This test method is designed for the analysis of distillate products; it is not applicable to products containing appreciable quantities of residual material.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D7344–08
Standard Test Method for
Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
1
(Mini Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7344; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the determi-
D4953 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and
nation of the distillation characteristics of petroleum products
Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
in the range of 20 to 400°C (68 to 752°F) using miniaturized
D5190 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
automatic distillation apparatus.
ucts (Automatic Method)
1.2 This test method is applicable to such products as: light
D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels,
ucts (Mini Method)
automotive spark-ignition engine fuels containing up to 10 %
D5482 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
ethanol, aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, regular and
ucts (Mini Method—Atmospheric)
low sulfur diesel fuels, biodiesel blends up to 20 % biodiesel,
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits, kerosines,
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
burner fuels, and marine fuels.
Lubricants
1.3 This test method is designed for the analysis of distillate
D6708 PracticeforStatisticalAssessmentandImprovement
products;itisnotapplicabletoproductscontainingappreciable
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
quantities of residual material.
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3
2.2 Energy Institute Standards:
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
IP 69 Determination of Vapour Pressure—Reid Method
only.
IP 394 Determination of Air Saturated Vapour Pressure
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 Definitions:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.1 charge volume, n—in petroleum products, in distilla-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tion, volume of the liquid sample transferred to the specimen
2. Referenced Documents container.
2 3.1.2 decomposition, n—of a hydrocarbon, pyrolysis or
2.1 ASTM Standards:
cracking of a molecule yielding smaller molecules with lower
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
boiling points than the original molecule.
Atmospheric Pressure
3.1.2.1 decomposition point, n—corrected thermometer
D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
reading that coincides with the first indications of thermal
ucts (Reid Method)
decomposition of the liquid in the specimen container.
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
3.1.2.2 Discussion—Characteristic indications of thermal
Petroleum Products
decomposition are evolution of fumes and erratic, typically
decreasing, temperature readings that occur during the final
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
stages of the distillation.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
3.1.2.3 Discussion—The decomposition point, as deter-
D02.08 on Volatility.
mined under the conditions of this test method, does not
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2008. Published November 2008. Originally
necessarily correspond to the decomposition temperature in
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D7344–07. DOI:
10.1520/D7344-08.
other applications.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
the ASTM website. U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7344–08
3.1.3 dynamic holdup, n—amount of material present in the 4.5 This test method uses a small specimen volume and
distillationcolumn,andinthecondenserduringthedistillation. miniaturized apparatus which can be por
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D7344–07 Designation: D 7344 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
1
(Mini Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7344; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the determination of the distillation characteristics of petroleum products in the
range of 20 to 400°C (68 to 752°F) using miniaturized automatic distillation apparatus.
1.2 This test method is applicable to such products as: light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels,
automotive spark-ignition engine fuels containing up to 10 % ethanol, aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, regular and low
sulfur diesel fuels, biodiesel fuels,blends up to 20 % biodiesel, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits, kerosines, burner
fuels, and marine fuels.
1.3 This test method is designed for the analysis of distillate products; it is not applicable to products containing appreciable
quantities of residual material.
1.4
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D 323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D 4953 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
D 5190 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Automatic Method)
D 5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
D 5482 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini MethodAtmospheric)
D 6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D 6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement of ExpectedAgreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
3
2.2 Energy Institute Standards:
IP 69 Determination of Vapour Pressure—Reid Method
IP 394 Determination of Air Saturated Vapour Pressure
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 charge volume, n—in petroleum products, in distillation, volume of the liquid sample transferred to the specimen
container.
3.1.2 decomposition, n—of a hydrocarbon , pyrolysis or cracking of a molecule yielding smaller molecules with lower boiling
points than the original molecule.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.08 on
Volatility.
Current edition approved July 15, 2007. Published August 2007.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2008. Published November 2008. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D 7344–07.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7344–08
3.1.2.1 decomposition point, n—corrected thermometer reading that coincides with the first indications of thermal decompo-
sition of the liquid in the specimen container.
3.1.2.2 Discussion—Characteristic indications of thermal decomposition are evolution of fumes and erratic, typically
decreasing, temperature readings that occur during the final stages of the distillation.
3.1.2.3 Disc
...
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