ASTM C1524-20

Standard Test Method for Water-Extractable Chloride in Aggregate (Soxhlet Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Water-extractable chloride, when present in sufficient amount, has a potential to initiate or accelerate corrosion of metals, such as steel, embedded in or contacting a cementitious system, such as mortar, grout, or concrete. This test method is applicable when aggregates contain a high background of naturally occurring chloride (see ACI 222.1–96 ). Test Method C1152/C1152M determines acid-soluble chloride and Test Method C1218/C1218M determines water-soluble chloride. Both Test Methods C1152/C1152M and C1218/C1218M pulverize the sample to a fine powder or fine granular material. The Soxhlet method is intended to use nonpulverized material. Results with some aggregates have shown that the Soxhlet procedure extracts an extremely low amount of chloride, with most of it remaining in the rock, and therefore, it is not available for corrosion.  
4.2 The Soxhlet extraction apparatus consists of three sections: the boiling flask, which contains reagent water at the beginning of the test; the extractor, which contains the sample inside a thimble; and, the condenser. The extractor functions by boiling the water, which condenses and drips on to the sample. When the water attains a fixed height above the sample, the extractor siphons the water from the thimble back to the boiling flask. The process repeats itself until the test is terminated. (Refer to Fig. 1.)
FIG. 1 Soxhlet Extraction Apparatus
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides procedures for sampling and analysis of aggregate for water-extractable chloride using a Soxhlet extractor.
Note 1: This test method is to be used when significantly high chloride content has been found in aggregates, concretes, or mortars.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Dec-2020
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.69 - Miscellaneous Tests

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1524 − 20
Standard Test Method for
1
Water-Extractable Chloride in Aggregate (Soxhlet Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1524; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
1.1 This test method provides procedures for sampling and
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
analysis of aggregate for water-extractable chloride using a
Sieves
Soxhlet extractor.
2.2 American Concrete Institute Standard:
NOTE1—Thistestmethodistobeusedwhensignificantlyhighchloride
ACI 222.1–96 Provisional Standard Test Method for Water-
content has been found in aggregates, concretes, or mortars.
Soluble Chloride Available for Corrosion of Embedded
3
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Steel in Mortar and Concrete Using the Soxhlet Extractor
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3. Terminology
standard.
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Terminology C125.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Significance and Use
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.1 Water-extractable chloride, when present in sufficient
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
amount, has a potential to initiate or accelerate corrosion of
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
metals, such as steel, embedded in or contacting a cementitious
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
system, such as mortar, grout, or concrete. This test method is
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
applicable when aggregates contain a high background of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
naturally occurring chloride (seeACI 222.1–96 ). Test Method
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
C1152/C1152M determines acid-soluble chloride and Test
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Method C1218/C1218M determines water-soluble chloride.
Both Test Methods C1152/C1152M and C1218/C1218M pul-
2. Referenced Documents
2 verize the sample to a fine powder or fine granular material.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
The Soxhlet method is intended to use nonpulverized material.
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic
Results with some aggregates have shown that the Soxhlet
Cement
procedure extracts an extremely low amount of chloride, with
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
most of it remaining in the rock, and therefore, it is not
gregates
available for corrosion.
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
for Test Methods for Construction Materials 4.2 The Soxhlet extraction apparatus consists of three sec-
C1152/C1152M Test Method for Acid-Soluble Chloride in tions: the boiling flask, which contains reagent water at the
Mortar and Concrete beginning of the test; the extractor, which contains the sample
C1218/C1218M Test Method for Water-Soluble Chloride in insideathimble;and,thecondenser.Theextractorfunctionsby
Mortar and Concrete boiling the water, which condenses and drips on to the sample.
When the water attains a fixed height above the sample, the
extractorsiphonsthewaterfromthethimblebacktotheboiling
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
flask. The process repeats itself until the test is terminated.
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
(Refer to Fig. 1.)
C09.69 on Miscellaneous Tests.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2020. Published February 2021. Originally
5. Apparatus
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as C1524 – 19. DOI:
10.1520/C1524-20.
5.1 Sampling Equipment:
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), 38800 Country Club Dr.,
the ASTM website. Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3439, http://www.concrete.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1524 − 19 C1524 − 20
Standard Test Method for
1
Water-Extractable Chloride in Aggregate (Soxhlet Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1524; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method provides procedures for sampling and analysis of aggregate for water-extractable chloride using a Soxhlet
extractor.
NOTE 1—This test method is to be used when significantly high chloride content has been found in aggregates, concretes, or mortars.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C1152/C1152M Test Method for Acid-Soluble Chloride in Mortar and Concrete
C1218/C1218M Test Method for Water-Soluble Chloride in Mortar and Concrete
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
2.2 American Concrete Institute Standard:
ACI 222.1–96 Provisional Standard Test Method for Water-Soluble Chloride Available for Corrosion of Embedded Steel in
3
Mortar and Concrete Using the Soxhlet Extractor
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology C125.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.69 on
Miscellaneous Tests.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2019Dec. 15, 2020. Published January 2020February 2021. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20102019
as C1524 – 02a (2010), which was withdrawn in January 2019 and reinstated in December 2019. DOI: 10.1520/C1524-19.19. DOI: 10.1520/C1524-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), 38800 Country Club Dr., Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3439, http://www.concrete.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1524 − 20
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Water-extractable chloride, when present in sufficient amount, has a potential to initiate or accelerate corrosion of metals, such
as steel, embedded in or contacting a cementitious system, such as mortar, grout, or concrete. This test method is applicable when
aggregates contain a high background of naturally occurring chloride (see ACI 222.1–96 ). Test Method C1152/C1152M
determines acid-soluble chloride and Test Method C1218/C1218M determines water-soluble chloride. Both Test Methods
C1152/C1152M and C1218/C1218M pulverize the sample to a fine powder or fine granular material. The Soxhlet method is
intended to use nonpulverized material. Results with some aggregates have shown that the Soxhlet procedure extracts an extremely
low amount of chloride, with most of it remaining in the rock, and therefore, it is not available for corrosion.
4.2 The Soxhlet extraction apparatus consists of three sections: the boiling flask, which contains reagent water at the beginning
of the test; the extractor, which contains the sample
...