iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM F1312-90(2013)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay

Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay

ABSTRACT
This specification covers thermal insulating bricks made from fire clay that are used as backup insulation for refractory furnace linings of boiler furnaces. The bricks shall be composed of heat-resistant materials that have been burned or fired to produce the desired density, strength, and structure. Representative bricks shall be tested, and shall conform accordingly to specified values of bulk density, modulus of rupture, and reheat change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers one type of thermal insulating brick for use as backup insulation for refractory furnace linings of boiler furnaces.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units in parentheses are for information purposes only and may be approximate.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2013
ICS
81.080 - Refractories
Technical Committee
F25 - Ships and Marine Technology
Drafting Committee
F25.07 - General Requirements
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F1312-90(2007) - Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay
Effective Date
01-Oct-2013

Buy Standard

ASTM F1312-90(2013) - Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire ClayASTM F1312-90(2013) - Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay
PreviousNext
Technical specification
ASTM F1312-90(2013) - Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay
English language
3 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F1312 −90 (Reapproved 2013) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1312; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2.4 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-105 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspec-
1.1 This specification covers one type of thermal insulating
tion by Attributes
brick for use as backup insulation for refractory furnace linings
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
of boiler furnaces.
MIL-STD-147 Palletized Unit Load 40 Inch by 48 Inch
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4-Way (Partial) Pallet Skids, Runners, or PalletType Base
as standard. The SI units in parentheses are for information
purposes only and may be approximate.
3. Ordering Information
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
the following information as necessary to describe the material
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
adequately:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.2 Dimensions required (see 6.1), and
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.3 Optional requirements, if any (see S1 through S3).
2. Referenced Documents
4. Materials and Manufacture
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 Bricks shall be composed of heat-resistant materials
C93 Test Method for Cold Crushing Strength and Modulus
whichhavebeenburnedorfiredtoproducethedesireddensity,
of Rupture of Insulating Firebrick (Withdrawn 1992)
strength, and structure.
C134 Test Methods for Size, Dimensional Measurements,
and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insulating
5. Physical and Mechanical Properties
Firebrick
C210 TestMethodforReheatChangeofInsulatingFirebrick
5.1 The average bulk density shall not exceed 45.0 lb/ft
4 3
2.2 Federal Specifications:
(720 kg/m ) (see 9.2).
PPP-B-601 Boxes, Wood, Cleated-Plywood
5.2 The modulus of rupture shall average not less than 100
PPP-B-621 Boxes, Wood, Nailed and Lock Corner
psi (700 kPa) (see 9.3).
PPP-B-636 Box, Fireboard
4 5.3 Bricks shall show an average reheat change of not more
2.3 Military Specification:
than 1 % when heated at 2450°F (1343°C) (see 9.4).
MIL-L-10547 Liners, Case, and Sheet, Overwrap; Vapor-
proof or Waterproof, Flexible
6. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
6.1 Insulating brick shall be furnished in the dimensions
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
specified (see 3.1.2). Standard size brick shall be 9 by 4 ⁄2 by
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.07 on
1 1
2 ⁄2 in. (229 by 114 by 64 mm), 9 by 4 ⁄2 by 2 in. (229 by 114
General Requirements.
1 1
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published October 2013. Originally
by 51 mm), or 9 by 4 ⁄2 by 1 ⁄4 in. (229 by 114 by 32 mm), as
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F1312 – 90 (2007).
specified.
DOI: 10.1520/F1312-90R13.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.2 Standard size brick shall not vary more than 6 ⁄16 in. (2
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
mm)fromspecifieddimensionsof2in.(51mm)orgreater,nor
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
morethan 6 ⁄32in.(1mm)fromspecifieddimensionslessthan
the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on 2 in. (see 9.2).
www.astm.org.
6.3 For special shapes, no dimension shall vary more than
Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil. ⁄16 in. (2 mm) from the dimensions specified (see 9.2).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1312−90 (2013)
TABLE 1 Instructions for Testing
Specification Reference Requirements Applicable to Results Reported as
Number
Characteristic Determinations Sample Size
Numerically to
Requirement Test Method Individual Unit Lot Average Pass or Fail
A
per Unit
Nearest
Density 5.1 9.2 . . . X 1 . . . 0.1 lb/ft 10
Modulus of rupture 5.2 9.3 . . . X 1 . . . psi 10
Reheat change 5.3 9.4 . . . X 1 . . . 0.1% 3
A
Test reports shall include all values on which average results are based.
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance 9.4 Reheat Change—The reheat change shall be determined
in accordance with Test Method C210, except that the test
7.1 Bricks shall be of homogeneous structure, free from
specimens shall be maintained at a temperature of 2550°F
cracks, laminations, segregations, void defects, or soft centers.
(1343°C) for 24 h.
All corners and edges shall be sufficiently strong to prevent
excessive crumbling or chipping when handled or shipped.
10. Inspection
10.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase
8. Sampling
order, the supplier is responsible for the performance of all
inspection requirements specified herein. Except as otherwise
8.1 For purposes of sampling, an inspection lot for exami-
specified, the supplier may use his own or any other facilities
nation and tests shall consist of all material of the same size
suitable for the performance of the inspection requirements
and shape offered for delivery at one time.
specified herein, unless disapproved by the purchaser. The
8.2 The sample unit for the tests of Section 9 shall be one
purchaser reserves the right to perform any of the inspections
brick.
setforthinthespecificationwheresuchinspectionsaredeemed
8.3 The sample size (the number of sample units) for the necessary to ensure that supplies and services conform to
tests of Section 9 shall be as specified in Table 1. prescribed requirements.
11. Product Marking
9. Test Methods
11.1 Bricks shall be marked with the manufacturer’s name
9.1 Testing of the End Item—Theenditemshallbetestedfor
or trademark by suitable indentation or stamping.
the applicable characteristics as shown on Table 1 from each
12. Packaging
lot presented for examination for each size and shape of brick.
12.1 Bricks shall be packed in containers which will ensure
9.2 Dimensions and Bulk Density—Dimensions and bulk
acceptance by common carrier and safe delivery to destination
density shall be determined in accordance with the test method
at the lowest applicable rate. Containers shall comply with
specified in Test Methods C134.
commercial carrier regulations.
9.3 Modulus of Rupture—The modulus of rupture shall be
13. Keywords
deter
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM F1312-19(2023)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay

ABSTRACT
This specification covers thermal insulating bricks made from fire clay that are used as backup insulation for refractory furnace linings of boiler furnaces. The bricks shall be composed of heat-resistant materials that have been burned or fired to produce the desired density, strength, and structure. Representative bricks shall be tested, and shall conform accordingly to specified values of bulk density, modulus of rupture, and reheat change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of thermal insulating brick for industrial or marine boiler furnaces. Type I is a special, 2500 °F (1371 °C) maximum service temperature, insulating firebrick that is used as backup insulation for refractory furnace linings.2 Type II is a standard insulating brick that, in general, is used where there may be direct contact with combustion gases, such as forge and stress relieving furnaces.3  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F1097-17(2022)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Mortar, Refractory (High-Temperature, Air-Setting)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers dry air-setting refractory mortar for use in laying and bonding refractory brick in ship boiler furnaces and wet air-setting refractory mortar for use in laying refractory brick in stationary boiler furnaces, bright annealing furnaces, controlled atmosphere furnaces, and furnaces heated by electric elements. The refractory mortar shall be of the following types: Type 1 and Type 2. The mortar shall be composed of finely ground heat-resistant clays, minerals, or a mixture of clays and minerals in either a dry or wet condition. Fineness test, heat soak, and bonding strength test shall be performed to conform with the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers dry air-setting refractory mortar for use in laying and bonding refractory brick in ship boiler furnaces and wet air-setting refractory mortar for use in laying refractory brick in stationary boiler furnaces, bright annealing furnaces, controlled atmosphere furnaces, and furnaces heated by electric elements.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C133-24(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modulus of Rupture of Refractories

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The cold strength of a refractory material is an indication of its suitability for use in refractory construction. (It is not a measure of performance at elevated temperatures.)  
3.2 These test methods are for determining the room temperature flexural strength in three-point bending (cold modulus of rupture) or compressive strength (cold crushing strength), or both, for all refractory products.  
3.3 Considerable care must be used to compare the results of different determinations of the cold crushing strength or modulus of rupture. The specimen size and shape, the nature of the specimen faces (that is, as-formed, sawed, or ground), the orientation of those faces during testing, the loading geometry, and the rate of load application may all significantly affect the numerical results obtained. Comparisons of the results between different determinations should not be made if one or more of these parameters differ between the two determinations.  
3.4 The relative ratio of the largest grain size to the smallest specimen dimension may significantly affect the numerical results. For example, smaller cut specimens containing large grains may present different results than the bricks from which they were cut. Under no circumstances should 6 in. by 1 in. by 1 in. (152 mm by 25 mm by 25 mm) specimens be prepared and tested for materials containing grains with a maximum grain dimension exceeding 0.25 in. (6.4 mm).  
3.5 This test method is useful for research and development, engineering application and design, manufacturing process control, and for developing purchasing specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the cold crushing strength and the modulus of rupture (MOR) of dried or fired refractory shapes of all types.  
1.2 The test methods appear in the following sections:    
Test Method  
Sections    
Cold Crushing Strength  
4 to 8  
Modulus of Rupture  
9 to 13  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C210-95(2024)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Reheat Change of Insulating Firebrick

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Insulating firebrick (IFB) are classified by their bulk density and reheat change (see Classification C155). This test method defines thermal stability by measurement of IFB's reheat change following 24 h at a test temperature.  
3.2 Since this test exposes the entire sample to an isothermal temperature condition, the user should be aware that most applications for IFB involve a thermal gradient which may cause the IFB's dimensions to change differentially.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the permanent linear (and volume) change of insulating firebrick upon reheating under prescribed conditions.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C838-16(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Bulk Density of As-Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Shapes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a means of determining bulk density on as-manufactured logs, blocks, or shaped articles.  
4.2 This test method is suitable for manufacturing control and acceptance specifications.  
4.3 Test Method C559 may be used when a higher degree of accuracy is required.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of as-manufactured carbon and graphite from measurements of mass and dimensions at room temperature.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to boronated carbon and graphite.  
1.3 This test method is not applicable to carbon- and graphite-containing materials that are thermally unstable at or below temperatures of 200 °C.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C492-92(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hydration of Granular Dead-Burned Refractory Dolomite

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The hydration of dead-burned dolomite grains is an important aspect of both manufacturing and using such grains. Moisture from any source will cause the grains to partially disintegrate, eventually making the dead-burned dolomite unfit for use. This test method may prove useful for determining, in a relative manner, which grains are more resistant to hydration than others.  
3.2 Data from one laboratory might help in establishing internal limits for determining whether a particular batch of grain is suitable for refractory production. However, this test method takes great care to run, and is not recommended as a quality control test. Possibly, a specification might be developed between two parties if sufficient care in establishing the bias between the laboratories is carried out.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of hydration of a granular dead-burned refractory dolomite when exposed to moist air.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C456-18(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hydration Resistance of Basic Bricks and Shapes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This test method compares relative resistance to hydration of basic refractory brick and shapes in laboratory tests.  
2.2 This test method allows an estimate to be made of the relative potential for hydration.  
2.3 The test method is used in industry and in some cases it is used for specification purposes.  
2.4 The results must be carefully used as a means of predicting whether or not basic brick or shapes will hydrate under actual conditions of storage or service.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the relative resistance of basic brick and shapes to hydration.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C830-00(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Liquid Absorption, Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Refractory Shapes by Vacuum Pressure

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Apparent porosity, water absorption, apparent specific gravity, and bulk density are primary properties of refractory shapes. These properties are widely used in the evaluation and comparison of product quality and as part of the criteria for selection and use of refractory products in a variety of industrial applications. These test methods are used for determining any or all of these properties and are particularly useful for testing hydratable products.  
3.2 These test methods are primary standard methods that are suitable for use in quality control, research and development, establishing criteria for and evaluating compliance with specifications, and providing data for design purposes.  
3.3 Fundamental assumptions inherent in these test methods are:  
3.3.1 The test specimens conform to the requirements for size, configuration, and original faces,  
3.3.2 The open pores of the test specimens are fully impregnated with liquid during the vacuum-pressure treatment, and  
3.3.3 The blotting of the saturated test specimens is performed as specified in a consistent and uniform manner to avoid withdrawing liquid from the pores.  
3.3.4 Deviation from any of these assumptions adversely affects the test results.  
3.4 In laboratory studies involving castable specimen, a bias was noted between formed 2 in. by 2 in. by 2 in. (50 mm by 50 mm by 50 mm) and specimens quartered from larger 9 in. by 4.5 in. by 2.5 in. (228 mm by 114 mm by 64 mm) cast specimens. Additionally, an error in the apparent porosity determination was found on castables whenever the specimens were heated to 1500 °F (816 °C) and then exposed to water as a saturation media. The error was attributed to reactivity of cement with water and subsequent re-hydration of cement phases. The higher the cement level of the castable, the greater the error noted. It was concluded that an error in porosity values could occur for refractory materials having a potential to form hydrated species with water. T...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the following properties of refractory shapes:  
1.1.1 Apparent porosity,  
1.1.2 Liquid absorption,  
1.1.3 Apparent specific gravity, and  
1.1.4 Bulk density.  
1.2 These test methods are applicable to all refractory shapes except those that chemically react with both water and mineral spirits. When testing a material capable of hydration or other chemical reaction with water but which does not chemically react with mineral spirits, mineral spirits is substituted for water and appropriate corrections for the density differences are applied when making calculations.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3.1 Exception—The apparatus used in this standard is only available in SI units.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Test Methods C20 cover procedures for testing properties of refractories that are not attacked by water.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C134-95(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Size, Dimensional Measurements, and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insulating Firebrick

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Refractory brick are used as modular units in furnace construction and should not deviate significantly from the intended configuration with respect to size, bulk density, flat surfaces, and right angles. These test methods are particularly suited for use under field conditions and provide a means to determine whether the brick meets the requirements considered necessary to assure a satisfactory refractory construction.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for measuring size, dimensional measurement, bulk density, warpage, and squareness of rectangular dense refractory brick and rectangular insulating firebrick. More precise determination of bulk density of refractory brick can be made by Test Methods C20. Stack height is generally determined only for dense refractories.  
Note 1: Test Methods C830 and Test Method C914 are also used to determine bulk density of refractory brick, by different procedures.  
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:    
Sections    
Size and Bulk Density  
4 through 7    
Warpage of Refractory Brick  
8 through 10    
Squareness of Refractory Brick  
11 through 14  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C604-18(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for True Specific Gravity of Refractory Materials by Gas-Comparison Pycnometer

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The true specific gravity of a material is the ratio of its true density, determined at a specific temperature, to the true density of water, determined at a specific temperature. Thus, the true specific gravity of a material is a primary property which is related to chemical and mineralogical composition.  
4.2 This test method is particularly useful for hydratable materials that are not suitable for test with Test Method C135.  
4.3 For refractory raw materials and products, the true specific gravity is a useful value for: classification, detecting differences in chemical composition between supposedly like samples, indicating mineralogical phases or phase changes, calculating total porosity when the bulk density is known, and for any other test method that requires this value for the calculation of results.  
4.4 This test method is a primary standard method which is suitable for use in specifications, quality control, and research and development. It can also serve as a referee test method in purchasing contracts or agreements.  
4.5 Fundamental assumptions inherent in this test method are the following:  
4.5.1 The sample is representative of the material in general,  
4.5.2 The total sample has been reduced to the particle size specified,  
4.5.3 No contamination has been introduced during processing of the sample,  
4.5.4 The ignition of the sample has eliminated all free or combined water without inducing sintering or alteration,  
4.5.5 An inert gas (helium) has been used in the test, and  
4.5.6 The test method has been conducted in a meticulous manner.  
4.5.7 Deviation from any of these assumptions negates the usefulness of the results.  
4.6 In interpreting the results of this test method, it must be recognized that the specified sample particle size is significantly finer than specified for Test Method C135. Even this finer particle size for the sample does not preclude the presence of some closed pores, and the amount of residual close...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the true specific gravity of solid materials, and is particularly useful for materials that easily hydrate which are not suitable for test with Test Method C135. This test method may be used as an alternate for Test Methods C135, C128, and C188 for determining true specific gravity.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—In 7.3, the equivalent SI unit is expressed in parentheses.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off