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ASTM A449-00

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolts and Studs

Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolts and Studs

SCOPE
1.1 This specification  covers the chemical and mechanical requirements for two types of quenched and tempered steel bolts and studs for general applications where high strength is required.  
1.2 The two types of bolts covered in this specification are:  
1.2.1 Type 1 -Medium-carbon steel bolts and studs furnished in nominal diameters of 1/4 to 3 in., inclusive.  
1.2.2 Type 2 -Low-carbon martensite or medium-carbon martensite steel bolts and studs furnished in nominal diameters of 1/4 to 1 in., inclusive.  
1.3 The bolts and studs shall be Type 1; Type 2; or, Type 1 or 2 at manufacturer's option; as specified by the purchaser. When a type is not specified, Type 1 shall be furnished. When elevated temperature applications are involved, Type 1 shall be specified by the purchaser on the order.  
1.4 Suitable nuts are covered in Specification A563. Unless otherwise specified, the grade and style of nut shall be as follows:  Fastener Size and Surface Finish Nut Grade and Style A 1/4 to 1 1/2 in., plain (or with a B, hex coating of insufficient thickness to require over-tapped nuts) Over 1 1/2 to 3 in., plain (or with A, heavy hex a coating of insufficient thickness to require over-tapped nuts) 1/4 to 3 in., zinc-coated (or with DH, heavy hex a coating thickness requiring over-tapped nuts) A Nuts of other grades and styles having specified proof load stresses (Specification A 563, Table 3) greater than the specified grade and style of nut are suitable.
1.5 Unless otherwise specified, washers ordered with bolts shall be furnished to the requirements of Specification F436.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-May-2000
ICS
21.060.10 - Bolts, screws, studs
Technical Committee
F16 - Fasteners
Drafting Committee
F16.02 - Steel Bolts, Studs and Nuts
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM A449-04 - Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolts and Studs
Effective Date
01-Jan-2004
Referred By
ASTM F436/F436M-19 - Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers Inch and Metric Dimensions
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM F1510-21 - Standard Specification for Rotary Positive Displacement Pumps, Ships Use
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM F3394/F3394M-20 - Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Backup and Reaction Washers Inch and Metric Dimensions<rangeref></rangeref >
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM A563/A563M-21ae1 - Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts (Inch and Metric)
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM F1718-01(2019) - Standard Specification for Rotary Positive Displacement Distillate Fuel Pumps
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM F3459-21 - Standard Specification for Rigid Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) Exterior Profiles Used for Sound Walls
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM F2798-09(2023) - Standard Specification for Sealless Lube Oil Pump with Oil Through Motor for Marine Applications
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM F3125/F3125M-22 - Standard Specification for High Strength Structural Bolts and Assemblies, Steel and Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, Inch Dimensions 120 ksi and 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength, and Metric Dimensions 830 MPa and 1040 MPa Minimum Tensile Strength
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM B746/B746M-22 - Standard Specification for Corrugated Aluminum Alloy Structural Plate for Field-Bolted Pipe, Pipe-Arches, and Arches
Effective Date
10-May-2000
Referred By
ASTM F2437/F2437M-17 - Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators for Use with Cap Screws, Bolts, Anchors, and Studs
Effective Date
10-May-2000

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ASTM A449-00 - Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolts and StudsASTM A449-00 - Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolts and Studs
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ASTM A449-00 - Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolts and Studs
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: A 449 – 00
Standard Specification for
1
Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolts and Studs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 449; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope * A 153 Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and
3
2 Steel Hardware
1.1 This specification covers the chemical and mechanical
4
A 563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
requirements for two types of quenched and tempered steel
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
bolts and studs for general applications where high strength is
5
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
required.
B 695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically
1.2 The two types of bolts covered in this specification are:
6
Deposited on Iron and Steel
1.2.1 Type 1—Medium-carbon steel bolts and studs fur-
7
D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
1
nished in nominal diameters of ⁄4 to 3 in., inclusive.
4
F 436 Specification for Hardened Steel Washers
1.2.2 Type 2—Low-carbon martensite or medium-carbon
F 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop-
martensite steel bolts and studs furnished in nominal diameters
1 erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,
of ⁄4to 1 in., inclusive.
4
Washers, and Rivets
1.3 The bolts and studs shall be Type 1; Type 2; or, Type 1
F 788/F788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities of
or 2 at manufacturer’s option; as specified by the purchaser.
4
Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series
When a type is not specified, Type 1 shall be furnished. When
2.2 ANSI/ASME Standards:
elevated temperature applications are involved, Type 1 shall be
8
B 1.1 Unified Screw Threads
specified by the purchaser on the order.
8
B 18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws
1.4 Suitable nuts are covered in Specification A 563. Unless
9
B 18.24.1 Part Identifying Number (PIN) Code System
otherwise specified, the grade and style of nut shall be as
2.3 Military Standard:
follows:
MIL-STD-105 Single Sampling Plan for Normal Inspec-
A
Fastener Size and Surface Finish Nut Grade and Style
10
1 1 tion
⁄4 to 1 ⁄2 in., plain (or with a coating of insufficient B, hex
thickness to require over-tapped nuts)
1
Over 1 ⁄2 to 3 in., plain (or with a coating of insuffi- A, heavy hex
3. Ordering Information
cient thickness to require over-tapped nuts)
1 3.1 Orders for bolts and studs (including nuts and accesso-
⁄4 to 3 in., zinc-coated (or with a coating thickness DH, heavy hex
requiring over-tapped nuts)
ries) under this specification shall include the following:
A
Nuts of other grades and styles having specified proof load stresses (Specifi-
3.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue.
cation A 563, Table 3) greater than the specified grade and style of nut are suitable.
3.1.2 Type required, that is, Type 1; Type 2; or Type 1 or 2
1.5 Unless otherwise specified, washers ordered with bolts
at manufacturer’s option (see 1.3).
shall be furnished to the requirements of Specification F 436.
3.1.3 Name of product (that is, bolt or stud).
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.4 Quantities (number of pieces by size (including nuts).
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided
3.1.5 Bolt size and length.
for information purposes only.
2. Referenced Documents
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.06.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.08.
5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05.
1 7
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.
8
Fastenersand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street,
Nuts, Rivets, and Washers. 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
9
Current edition approved May 10, 2000. Published July 2000. Originally Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Three Park
published as A 449 – 63 T. Last previous edition A 449 – 93. Avenue, New York, NY 10016–5990.
2 10
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D,
cations SA-449 in Section II of that Code. 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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This specification provides the chemical, physical and mechanical requirements for quenched and tempered bolts manufactured from steel and alloy steel, in inch and metric dimensions, in two strength grades, two types and two styles. It is intended to ensure alignment between standards with the same intended end use and to simplify the use and maintenance of structural bolt specifications.
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1.1 This specification covers chemical, physical and mechanical requirements for quenched and tempered bolts manufactured from steel and alloy steel, in inch and metric dimensions, in two strength grades, two types and two styles.  
1.1.1 This specification is a consolidation and replacement of six ASTM standards, including; A325, A325M, A490, A490M, F1852 and F2280.  
1.1.2 This consolidated standard is to ensure alignment between standards with the same intended end use and to simplify the use and maintenance of structural bolt specifications.  
1.2 Intended Use:  
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1.2.2 Bolts in this specification are furnished in sizes from 1/2 to 1-1/2 in. inclusive and from M12 to M36 inclusive.  
1.3 Classification, Table 1:  
1.3.1 Bolts are designated by grade, which indicates inch or metric strength and style.  
1.3.2 Bolts are designated by type denoting raw material chemical composition.  
1.3.3 Bolts are designated by style denoting Heavy Hex bolts or “Twist-Off” Style assemblies.  
1.4 Terms used in this specification are defined in F1789.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 Table footnotes are requirements. Notes are advisory.  
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This specification covers the requirements for quenched and tempered alloy steel hexagon socket button (SBHCS) and flat countersunk (SFHCS) head cap screws. The screws shall be fabricated from alloy steel made to fine grain practice. The chemical composition of the screw material shall conform to the heat analysis specified. Hardness, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and area reduction shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
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1.1 This specification covers the requirements for quenched and tempered alloy steel hexagon socket button (SBHCS) 0.060 through 0.625 thread sizes, flat countersunk (SFHCS) 0.060 through 1.5 thread sizes and low (SLHCS) 0.1120 through 0.625 thread sizes head cap screws having material properties for high-strength requirements.  
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1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 The hazard statement applies only to the test method section, Section 11, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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This specification covers the chemical and mechanical requirements for stainless steel metric hexagon socket button (SBHCS) and flat countersunk (SFHCS) head cap screws with nominal thread M 3 through M 20 intended for use in applications requiring general corrosion resistance. These steels are designated into three classes: Austenitic Class A 1-50 in an annealed condition, Austenitic Class A1-55 in a cold worked condition, and Austenitic Class A 1-70 in a cold worked condition. The austenitic stainless steel socket screw shall be designated F879M A1-50, F879M A1–55, or F 879M A1-70. Screws shall be formed by upsetting or extruding, or both. Also, these screws shall be roll threaded. Austenitic alloys ClassA 1-50 screws, following manufacture, shall be annealed by heating to a certain temperature to obtain maximum corrosion resistance and minimum permeability. The screws shall be held for a sufficient time at temperature, then cooled at a rate sufficient to prevent precipitation of the carbide and provide the properties specified. Different tests shall be conducted in order to determine the following mechanical properties of screws: tensile strength, minimum extension, yield strength, elongation, Vickers hardness, and Rockwell hardness.
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1.1 This specification covers the chemical and mechanical requirements for stainless steel inch hexagon socket button (SBHCS), flat countersunk (SFHCS) head cap screws with nominal thread 0.060 through 0.625 in. and low head (SLHCS) cap screws with nominal thread 0.112 through 0.625 in. intended for use in applications requiring general corrosion resistance.  
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for commercial wrought nonferrous bolts, hex cap screws, and studs manufactured from a number of alloys in common use and intended for general service applications. The bolts, cap screws, and studs shall be manufactured from material having a chemical composition conforming to the requirements specified. The fasteners shall be cold formed, hot formed, or machined from suitable material. Different tests shall be conducted in order to determine the following mechanical properties of fasteners: hardness, tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
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Note 1: A complete metric companion to Specification F468 has been developed—F468M; therefore no metric equivalents are presented in this specification.  
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This specification covers externally threaded bolts, studs, and cap screws called fasteners, capable of indicating clamping forces up to yield strength during the tightening process or post installation residual tension, or both. Load-indicating fasteners utilize mechanical, electronic, or ultrasonic means to indicate fastener tension. These fasteners provide a means to verify the desired clamp load in critical applications upon installation and in service. This specification covers the following four different types of load-indicating fasteners: mechanical dial type (MT); electronic type (ET); strain gauge type (ST); and ultrasonic type (UT). Tension test shall be performed to conform to the chemical and mechanical requirements specified.
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Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts, Studs, and Threaded Rod 60 000 PSI Tensile Strength

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This specification covers the chemical and mechanical requirements for three grades (Grades A, B, and C) of carbon steel bolts and studs in specified sizes. This specification does not cover the requirements for machine screws, thread cutting/forming screws, mechanical expansion anchors, or other similar externally threaded fasteners. When tested, sampled specimens shall adhere to specified values for chemical composition, hardness, tensile strength, yield point, elongation, and dimensions.
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Description  
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Bolts, studs, and threaded rod having a minimum tensile strength of 60 ksi and intended for general applications,  
Grade B  
Bolts, studs, and threaded rodA having a tensile strength of 60 to 100 ksi and intended for flanged joints in piping systems with cast iron flanges, and  
Grade C  
Replaced by Specification F1554 Gr.36  
1.2 This specification does not cover requirements for machine screws, thread cutting/forming screws, mechanical expansion anchors or similar externally threaded fasteners.  
1.3 Suitable nuts are covered in Specification A563. Unless otherwise specified, the grade and style of nut for each grade of fastener, of all surface finishes, shall be as follows:    
Fastener Grade and Size  
Nut Grade and StyleA    
A 1/4 to 11/2 in.  
A, hex  
A over 11/2 to 4 in.  
A, heavy hex  
B, 1/4 to 4 in.  
A, heavy hex    
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1.5 Supplementary Requirement S1 of an optional nature is provided, which describes additional restrictions to be applied when bolts are to be welded. It shall apply only when specified in the inquiry, order, and contract.  
1.6 Terms used in this specification are defined in Terminology F1789 unless otherwise defined herein.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F1554-20(Specification)
Standard Specification for Anchor Bolts, Steel, 36, 55, and 105-ksi Yield Strength

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and dimensional requirements, and associated test methods for straight and bent, headed and headless anchor bolts (also known as anchor rods) made of carbon, carbon boron, alloy, or high-strength low-alloy steel and having specified yield strengths. The anchor bolts are furnished in three strength grades, two thread classes, and various sizes, and are intended for anchoring structural supports to concrete foundations such as building columns, column supports for highway signs, street lighting and traffic signals, steel bearing plates, and similar applications. This specification, however, does not cover the requirements for mechanical expansion anchors, powder-activated nails or studs, and anchor bolts fabricated from deformed bars. The bolts shall adhere to specified elemental chemical compositions as examined by heat and product analysis. They shall also be tested for their conformance with mechanical properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction of area, and stress area. The anchor bolts shall also meet specified values for nominal size, body diameter, bend section, length, bend angle, and coated length.
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1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F541-12(2020)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Eyebolts

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the basic requirements and corresponding test methods for forged, quenched, and tempered, alloy steel threaded eyebolts with improved toughness properties and that are chemically and metallurgically constituted to produce a low transition temperature to minimize brittle failure, intended primarily for low temperature applications. The eyebolts are furnished either as straight shank eyebolts (Type 1), or shoulder eyebolts (Type 2). Sampled specimens shall be tested, and conform accordingly to chemical (carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, molybdenum, and nickel), metallurgical (grain size, decarburization, and macrotech properties), and mechanical (Brinell hardness, tensile strength, breaking strength, proof load, impact strength, and bend strength) requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers forged, quenched and tempered, alloy steel threaded eyebolts with improved toughness properties and intended primarily for low temperature applications. The eyebolts are chemically and metallurgically constituted to produce a low transition temperature to minimize brittle failure. Maximum thread size is 2.500 in. (63.50 mm).  
1.2 The eyebolts are furnished in two types, as follows:  
1.2.1 Type 1—Straight Shank Eyebolt.  
1.2.2 Type 2—Shoulder Eyebolt.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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