ASTM D2067-97(2013)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Coarse Particles in Printing Ink Dispersions
Standard Test Method for Coarse Particles in Printing Ink Dispersions
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Coarse particles in printing inks reduce the efficiency of the dispersion process, requiring not only extra milling passes, but also frequent changes in pump filters. In printing processes, they may cause excessive wear to metal plates, piling or localized retention of ink on blankets and plates, and water balance problems. Coarse particles also reduce color strength and the gloss of printed matter.
4.2 This test method is suitable for quality control. The precision may be improved by the use of a specimen size larger than that prescribed.
4.3 Test results are sensitive to the type of washout solvent used. Strong solvents are to be avoided because they may dissolve large particles of resin in the ink vehicle.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the weight concentration of coarse particles in printing ink dispersions by sieve retention.
1.2 This test method is applicable to printing inks, flushed pigments, and other pigment dispersions that contain particles larger than 45 μm. With proper choice of solvent, it is applicable both to paste and liquid inks. Note 1—This test method is similar in principle to Test Methods D185. For particles under 25 μm, see Test Method D1316.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D2067 − 97 (Reapproved 2013)
Standard Test Method for
Coarse Particles in Printing Ink Dispersions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2067; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the weight 3.1 A 50-g specimen of the test dispersion is diluted, if
concentration of coarse particles in printing ink dispersions by necessary, with a reducing varnish, mixed with 200 g of
sieve retention. mineral spirits or other mutually agreeable solvent, mixed in a
paint shaker for 30 min, and passed through a tared 325-mesh
1.2 This test method is applicable to printing inks, flushed
wire cloth sieve. The sieve is dried in an oven and reweighed.
pigments, and other pigment dispersions that contain particles
The residue is reported either as a percentage or in parts per
larger than 45 µm. With proper choice of solvent, it is
million of the specimen.
applicable both to paste and liquid inks.
3.2 The nature of the coarse particles may be identified
NOTE 1—This test method is similar in principle toTest Methods D185.
through the use of a magnet and visual or microscopic
For particles under 25 µm, see Test Method D1316.
examination.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Significance and Use
only.
4.1 Coarse particles in printing inks reduce the efficiency of
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety
the dispersion process, requiring not only extra milling passes,
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
butalsofrequentchangesinpumpfilters.Inprintingprocesses,
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
they may cause excessive wear to metal plates, piling or
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
localized retention of ink on blankets and plates, and water
limitations prior to use.
balance problems. Coarse particles also reduce color strength
and the gloss of printed matter.
2. Referenced Documents
4.2 This test method is suitable for quality control. The
2.1 ASTM Standards:
precisionmaybeimprovedbytheuseofaspecimensizelarger
D185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
than that prescribed.
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
4.3 Test results are sensitive to the type of washout solvent
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
used. Strong solvents are to be avoided because they may
D1316 Test Method for Fineness of Grind of Printing Inks
dissolve large particles of resin in the ink vehicle.
By the NPIRI Grindometer
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
5. Apparatus
Sieves
5.1 Wire-Cloth Sieve, preferably disposable, 325 mesh (45
E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
µm), 60.3 mm in diameter; alternatively, a 75-mm No. 325
Ventilation Ovens
sieve conforming to Specification E11.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method NOTE2—Adisposablesieveispreferredforprecisionbecauseitweighs
only 0.5 g compared to about 70 g for a conventional sieve.
5.2 Washout Cup Assembly (for use with the disposable
sieve), assembled according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
5.3 Balance, sensitive to 1.0 mg, preferably 0.1 mg.
Subcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2013.PublishedJuly2013.Originallyapproved 5.4 Paint Shaker.
ε1
in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D2067 – 97 (2008) . DOI:
5.5 Oven, gravity-convection type conforming to Type 1B
10.1520/D2067-97R13.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or in Specification E145 and maintained at 110° 6 5°C.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.6 Mixing Container, such as a widemouth bottle or jar,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. with screw cap, capacity 473 mL(1 pt), preferably plastic. If a
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D2067 − 97 (2013)
glass jar is used, a metal container such as a 1-lb coffee can 8.6 When the shaker stops, remove the jar, unscrew the lid
with lid and foam packing are recommended for protecting the and carefully remove the plastic sheet. Using a wash bottle
jar while on the shaker. containing the same solvent as in 8.3, wash down the plastic
sheet into the jar containing the dissolved specimen.
5.7 Spatula, suitable for mixing 100 g of material.
8.7 Tare a clean dry sieve to 1 mg, preferably 0.1 mg, and,
6. Reagents and Materials
if disposable, set in place on the washout cup assembly. Pour
the contents of the jar quickly through the sieve. Invert the jar
6.1 Washout Solvent, as mutually agreed upon between the
over the screen and rinse out with solvent from the wash bottle
producer and the user. Type I mineral spirits conforming to
until no color remains in the jar. Make sure that no residue
Specification D235 has been found useful for oleoresinous
remains in the jar and that all solvent from the jar passes over
systems. The solvent should be filtered through a 325-mesh
the screen.
screen prior to use.
8.8 Wash down the sides of the washout cup assembly (if
6.2 ReducingVarnish, for high-viscosity or stiff dispersions.
used) and the sides of the screen, collecting the residue close to
The varnish must be compatible with the test dispersion and of
the center of the sieve.
a consistency such that a 50:50 mix will have sufficient flow to
disperse in the washout solvent. An 800–1200 poise-reducing
8.9 Place the sieve in a convection oven at 110°C for a few
varnish has
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