ASTM D4734-20
(Specification)Standard Specification for Refined Benzene-545
Standard Specification for Refined Benzene-545
ABSTRACT
This specification covers benzene-545. Tests shall be performed to determine the property requirements of benzene-545 in accordance to the following test methods: benzene weight percentage; sulfur mass; thiophene mass; toluene mass; nonaromatic hydrocarbons weight percentage; nitrogen mass; acid wash color; bromine index, water, appearance, and solidification point.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers benzene-545.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit in accordance with the rounding-off method in Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Mar-2020
- Technical Committee
- D16 - Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals
- Drafting Committee
- D16.01 - Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and Their Derivatives
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2020
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2020
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2015
- Effective Date
- 15-Feb-2014
Overview
ASTM D4734-20: Standard Specification for Refined Benzene-545 sets the internationally recognized requirements for the purity and properties of benzene-545, a high-purity grade of benzene widely used across chemical and industrial sectors. Developed by ASTM International, this standard ensures strict control of chemical composition and physical characteristics, providing assurance of quality and reliability for users and suppliers.
This specification defines test methods and property limits including benzene mass percentage, levels of sulfur, thiophene, toluene, nonaromatic hydrocarbons, nitrogen, water content, appearance, color, bromine index, and solidification point. Compliance with these requirements supports safe handling, quality assurance, and regulatory alignment in applications where benzene-545 is critical.
Key Topics
- Purity Requirements: Benzene-545 must exhibit exceptional purity (minimum 99.90% benzene by mass). Strict limits are set on allowable impurities including sulfur, thiophene, and toluene.
- Impurity Control: The standard addresses trace contaminants:
- Sulfur and thiophene (measured in mg/kg)
- Nonaromatic hydrocarbons and toluene (by mass %)
- Nitrogen and 1,4-dioxane as supplementary specifications
- Physical and Chemical Properties: Detailed criteria for:
- Solidification point (minimum specified)
- Water content and appearance (free from haze or particles)
- Bromine index and color (Platinum-Cobalt scale)
- Test Methods: Incorporates referenced ASTM test methods for all measured properties, ensuring consistency and comparability in results.
- SI Units Standardization: All values and limits are referenced in SI units, facilitating international adoption.
- Safety Compliance: Emphasizes adherence to OSHA regulations, Safety Data Sheets, and local statutes relating to the handling and processing of refined benzene-545.
Applications
Refined benzene-545 is primarily used in industries requiring highly pure benzene, such as:
- Chemical Manufacturing: As a feedstock for synthesizing a wide range of derivatives including cyclohexane, ethylbenzene, and aniline.
- Pharmaceuticals: In the production of intermediates under tightly controlled purity conditions.
- Laboratory Standards: Serving as a reference or calibration material because of its high purity.
- Quality Assurance: Supports rigorous internal requirements in manufacturing facilities where impurities must be tightly managed.
- Research and Development: Essential for studies where the presence of contaminants could interfere with experimental outcomes.
Related Standards
The ASTM D4734-20 specification directly references several pertinent ASTM test methods and industry regulations to ensure robust, reproducible results:
- ASTM D7360, D7504: Analysis of benzene and trace impurities via gas chromatography.
- ASTM D7183, D7184: Determination of sulfur and nitrogen content in aromatic hydrocarbons.
- ASTM D4735, D7011: Trace thiophene analysis using gas chromatography.
- ASTM D1492, D5776: Bromine index testing for aromatic hydrocarbons.
- ASTM E1064: Water determination by coulometric Karl Fischer titration.
- ASTM E2680, D8005: Assessment of color and clarity for liquid chemicals.
- ASTM D3437: Sampling and handling of liquid cyclic compounds.
- OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1000, 1910.1200: Occupational safety and handling regulations relevant to benzene and its derivatives.
ASTM D4734-20 aligns with international best practices for standardization and supports global commerce, safety, and product quality in industries that rely on refined benzene-545. Adherence to this specification is essential for regulatory compliance and maintaining high standards in chemical supply chains.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D4734-20 is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Refined Benzene-545". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This specification covers benzene-545. Tests shall be performed to determine the property requirements of benzene-545 in accordance to the following test methods: benzene weight percentage; sulfur mass; thiophene mass; toluene mass; nonaromatic hydrocarbons weight percentage; nitrogen mass; acid wash color; bromine index, water, appearance, and solidification point. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers benzene-545. 1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit in accordance with the rounding-off method in Practice E29. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This specification covers benzene-545. Tests shall be performed to determine the property requirements of benzene-545 in accordance to the following test methods: benzene weight percentage; sulfur mass; thiophene mass; toluene mass; nonaromatic hydrocarbons weight percentage; nitrogen mass; acid wash color; bromine index, water, appearance, and solidification point. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers benzene-545. 1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit in accordance with the rounding-off method in Practice E29. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D4734-20 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 87.060.30 - Solvents. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D4734-20 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D4734-19, ASTM E1064-24, ASTM E2680-23, ASTM D7184-20, ASTM D7011-15(2019), ASTM D7184-15(2019)e1, ASTM D7183-18a, ASTM D7504-17a, ASTM D7504-17, ASTM D7504-15, ASTM D7504-15e1, ASTM D8005-15, ASTM D7183-15, ASTM E2680-09(2015)e1, ASTM D5776-14. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D4734-20 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4734 −20
Standard Specification for
Refined Benzene-545
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4734; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D5776 Test Method for Bromine Index of Aromatic Hydro-
carbons by Electrometric Titration
1.1 This specification covers benzene-545.
D6875 Test Method for Solidification Point of Industrial
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this
Organic Chemicals by Thermistor
standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this
D7011 Test Method for Determination of Trace Thiophene
standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be
in Refined Benzene by Gas Chromatography and Sulfur
rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit
Selective Detection
used in expressing the specification limit in accordance with
D7183 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in
the rounding-off method in Practice E29.
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals by Ultra-
violet Fluorescence
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this D7184 Test Method for Ultra Low Nitrogen in Aromatic
Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Combustion and Reduced
standard.
Pressure Chemiluminescence Detection
1.4 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety
D7360 Test Method for Analysis of Benzene by Gas Chro-
Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this
matography with External Calibration
specification.
D7504 Test Method for Trace Impurities in Monocyclic
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Gas Chromatography and
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Effective Carbon Number
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
D8005 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Cobalt Scale)
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Determine Conformance with Specifications
E1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulo-
2. Referenced Documents
metric Karl Fischer Titration
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E2680 Test Method for Appearance of Clear, Transparent
D852 Test Method for Solidification Point of Benzene
Liquids (Visual Inspection Procedure)
D1492 Test Method for Bromine Index of Aromatic Hydro-
2.2 Other Document:
carbons by Coulometric Titration
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic
1910.1200
Products
D4735 Test Method for Determination of Trace Thiophene
in Refined Benzene by Gas Chromatography
D5386 Test Method for Color of Liquids Using Tristimulus
Colorimetry
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on
Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsi-
bility of Subcommittee D16.01 on Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and
Their Derivatives.
Current edition approved April 1, 2020. Published April 2020. Originally
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D4734 – 19. DOI:
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4734 − 19 D4734 − 20
Standard Specification for
Refined Benzene-545
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4734; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This specification covers benzene-545.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard,
an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing
the specification limit in accordance with the rounding-off method in Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this
specification.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D848 Test Method for Acid Wash Color of Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons
D852 Test Method for Solidification Point of Benzene
D1492 Test Method for Bromine Index of Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Coulometric Titration
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic Products
D4735 Test Method for Determination of Trace Thiophene in Refined Benzene by Gas Chromatography
D5386 Test Method for Color of Liquids Using Tristimulus Colorimetry
D5776 Test Method for Bromine Index of Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Electrometric Titration
D6875 Test Method for Solidification Point of Industrial Organic Chemicals by Thermistor
D7011 Test Method for Determination of Trace Thiophene in Refined Benzene by Gas Chromatography and Sulfur Selective
Detection
D7183 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals by Ultraviolet
Fluorescence
D7184 Test Method for Ultra Low Nitrogen in Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Combustion and Reduced Pressure
Chemiluminescence Detection
D7360 Test Method for Analysis of Benzene by Gas Chromatography with External Calibration
D7504 Test Method for Trace Impurities in Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Gas Chromatography and Effective Carbon
Number
D8005 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
E2680 Test Method for Appearance of Clear, Transparent Liquids (Visual Inspection Procedure)
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D16.01 on Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and Their Derivatives.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019April 1, 2020. Published November 2019April 2020. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20182019 as
D4734 – 18D4734 – 19.A. DOI: 10.1520/D4734-19.10.1520/D4734-20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Su
...
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